額前葉 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [éqiányè]
額前葉
英文
prefrontal lobe-
Such decreases are associated with dysfunction of prefrontal regions including orbitofrontal cortex and cingulate gyrus
這種下降和前額葉區包括框前皮質和扣帶回功能不良有關。Recently the theory of executive control of pfc was emphasized, and also different behavior was adjusted by different executive function : the anterior cingulated cortex is thought to play a role in monitoring competition between two conflicting processes during task performance ; the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex participates in active suppres sion of inappropriate movement and behavior
以前的研究表明：前額葉是工作記憶的重要部位，背外側前額葉皮層（ dosolateralprefrontalcortex ）與物體形狀、顏色的工作記憶有關，而腹側前額葉（ ventralprefrontalcortex ）與物體空間位置的工作記憶有關。Yet note the complexity of the frontal lobe
還得注意大腦前額葉的復雜性The relation between prefrontal lobe and source memory
前額葉與來源記憶Emotional disorders in patients with prefrontal cortex lesions
前額葉皮質損傷患者的情緒異常Impairment of social cognition following damage to the prefrontal cortex
前額葉損傷患者的社會認知障礙A part of the brain called the dorsal - lateral prefrontal cortex appears especially undeveloped in teens
十幾歲的孩子大腦中有一部分前額葉背外側皮質看起來尤其沒有發育成熟。Visual representation ; associative code ; top - down information processing ; inferior temporal lobe and prefrontal lobe
視覺表徵聯想性編碼頂-底信息加工顳下回皮層和前額葉皮層A total of 41 tetrodes penetrations were made in the pfc of two monkeys. a total of 92 task - related neurons were sampled and categorized as 5 types : visual signal related neurons, decision - making related neurons, go - movement related neurons, reward related neurons and multi - events related neurons
3 .執行控制能力差的大鼠前額葉gabaarmrna表達較強，可能是中樞通過代償機制引起gabaqrmrna過表達，進而增加gabaar的含量，讓有限的gaba發揮更大的作用。Many researches supports that the dysfunction of pfc is crucial in schizophrenia and maybe it is related to gabaergic system : the reduced amount of gaba and gabaergic interneurons in pfc. the electrophysiological results shows 70 % neurons have increased activity but no significant increase in basic activity, half of silent neurons become activated in movement period after microinjection of bmi ( bicuculline methiodite ) into pfc
電生理學研究顯示：在前額葉皮層應用bmi （荷包牡丹堿）后70的神經元放電頻率增加，背景活性（基礎放電頻率）卻無顯著增加，而在運動期無放電活動的「安靜」神經元， ，給予bmi後有一半在運動期變得激活，說明gaba的抑制作用在行為的執行中可能非常重要。Bottom - up processing and feature detecting theory based on strong electrophysiological evidences has played a dominant role in the visual research for long time. people know top - down processing just by common sense. knowledge or experience are recalled from memory by reactivation of their neural representations and affected visual processes. however recently, researches from human and monkey provide experimental evidences for top - down processing. first, mnemonic representation of visual objects and faces, located in the ventral processing stream of visual perception in monkey, provide the best evidences of how neuronal codes are created by neurons that have the special ability to link the representations of temporally associated stimuli ; second, experiments suggest that not only bottom - up signals from the retina but also top - down signals from the prefrontal cortex can trigger the retrieval of associative codes, which may serve as a neural basis both for the conscious recall and for the visual processes affected by top - down processing further studies will improve people s understanding of the causal relation of activation and behavior by use of combined fmri and electrophysiology or lesion studies
聯想性編碼是通過學習由一些具有特殊功能的神經元建立的，這些神經元具有將時間性關聯刺激的表徵聯系起來的能力。其次，不僅來自視網膜的底-頂信號，而且來自前額葉的頂底信號都能觸發聯想性編碼的提取，既可以作為有意識回憶的神經基礎，又是頂-底加工影響視覺過程的基礎。腦損傷病人研究具有高時間解析度的人類功能性核磁共振成像functional magnetic resonance imaging ， fmri和猴fmri研究以及猴細胞電生理分析相結合，將進一步加強人們對視覺腦機制的全面理解。Data regarding longitudinal outcomes and biological, psychosocial, and functional correlates increasingly support the notion that minor and subsyndromal depressions are part of a spectrum of depressive illness severity
老年憂郁癥常並發基底核及前額葉的投射部分出現問題，而導致執行功能障礙。A review of researches on the language processing function of the left frontal area
左側前額葉語言加工功能研究綜述Each half of the cerebrum has four rounded ends called lobes （ 腦 葉 ） ? two at the front （ frontal and temporal lobes ） and two at the back （ occipital and parietal lobes ）
每半個大腦皮質有四塊結束叫腦葉，兩片在前線叫（額葉顳葉） ，以及后兩片稱為枕和頂葉Recently neuroimaging technique was used extensively and found that there is close relationship between brain energy metabolism and psychological process. pet research shows there are increase of regional cerebral blood flow in prefrontal, occipital and parietal cortices during go / no go discrimination tasks in the monkeys. but it is not clear about the neurochemistry mechanism of executive control
二、恆河猴執行控制功能的腦能量代謝（ pet ）特點恆河猴執行go / nogo任務時前額葉皮層、運動皮層、扣帶皮層、后頂葉皮層等多個腦區均有激活，其中前額葉皮層激活最明顯，提示執行控制由多個腦區共同完成，前額葉是執行控制的重要腦區。Caps studded with electrodes revealed that when subjects learned they had won or lost wagers, electrical activity was highest in the medial frontal cortex, situated behind the prefrontal cortex
由戴在頭上嵌有電極的頭罩記錄顯示，受試者在贏得或輸掉賭注之時，位於前額葉皮質后頭的內側額葉皮質，會出現最大量的電流活性。These systems include the ventral hippocampus, which is involved in context and focus on tasks, the amygdala, which mediates emotional behavior, and the prefrontal cortex, which modulates activity throughout the limbic system to enable behavioral flexibility
這些區域包括海馬腹側（參與背景和關注性的任務） ，杏仁核（介導情緒行為） ，以及額葉前部的皮層（調整邊緣系統的動作電位，調節行為的靈活性） 。The effect of different levels of propofol sedation on learning and memory
前額葉皮層在學習記憶中的作用They speculate that stronger messages prompt the lateral prefrontal cortex to jump into action, batting back the potentially distracting signals
他們推測當更大量的信息促使額側前葉皮層活躍起來時，潛意識中的令我們分神的信號自然被擋回去了。Miller later identified other men and women whose latent creativity burst forth as frontotemporal dementia set in ? even in patients who had little prior interest in artistic pursuits
米勒后來發現，有些患者因為罹患額顳葉失智癥，而引爆了遲來的創造力，其中有些患者之前甚至對藝術是沒有太大興趣的。分享友人