風成層理 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [fēngchéngcénglǐ]
風成層理 英文
aeolian bedding
  • 風 : Ⅰ名詞1 （空氣流動） wind 2 （風氣; 風俗） practice; atmosphere; custom 3 （景象） scene; view 4 ...
  • 成 : Ⅰ動詞1 （完成; 成功） accomplish; succeed 2 （成為; 變為） become; turn into 3 （成全） help comp...
  • 層 : i 量詞1 （用於重疊、積累的東西 如樓層、階層、地層） storey; tier; stratum 2 （用於可以分項分步的...
  • 理 : Ⅰ名詞1 （物質組織的條紋） texture; grain （in wood skin etc ） 2 （道理;事理） reason; logic; tru...
  1. To settle the phonomenon of seasons, we design the boudary full of sunlight at the side of groud - floor space ; to make the peoples in the uptown have the feeling of safety and ascription, we optimize the quality of the enrance space ; we design the solid sight carport to improve the quality of physical environment, such as lighting airiness and sight

    邊界效應的存在使住宅架空層在邊緣地帶具有更多的活力，我們通過構造措施在這里形成邊界陽光區，從而改善架空層在使用中的季節性現象；為了提高社區的人文品質，我們優化住宅的入戶空間，使居民具有更強的歸屬感和安全感；通過立體景觀車庫的設計，改善車庫內的採光、通風以及景觀條件，從而改善地下車庫的物理環境質量。
  2. This dissertation can be divided into three parts as following : focusing on institutional risk control, this dissertation demonstrated the effect of institutional risk on dis " objects by analyzing the relationship between deposit insurance and financial development, financial stability and market discipline, in light of foreign or native primary theory and empirical results of dis. in virtue of statistical method and with the theory of game, this dissertation explored the cause the institutional risk such as moral risk and adverse selection, on the basis of which discussed the approach of controlling institutional risk and proper deposit insurance pattern. because deposit insurance assessment is the core of institutional risk control, this dissertation introduced and discussed deeply the passive casualty - insurance model, the option - pricing model, the game - theory - based pricing model, and reasonable pricing interval, and put forward the hierarchical pricing strategy of dis on the balance of information confiscatory and risk - based - assessment necessity

    本文以存款保險制度風險控制為中心，在借鑒國內外關于存款保險制度的基本理論和實證的基礎上，通過分析存款保險與金融發展、金融穩定和市場懲戒等方面的關系，論證了存款保險制度風險對存款保險制度目標的影響；並藉助統計學的方法，運用信息博弈論的觀點，從主要制度參與者? ?投保機構和存款保險機構? ?的效用函數出發，對存款保險所引發的道德風險和逆向選擇等制度風險的成因進行深入的剖析，探討有效控制制度風險的途徑和制度參數的安排模式；由於存款保險定價是制度風險管理的核心問題，本文還專門對意外存款保險消極模型、存款保險的期權定價模型、基於信息經濟學的存款保險定價模型以及合理定價區間等定價模式進行深入分析和詳細評述，闡述各種定價思路的局限性和可能運用的空間，通過權衡信息的充分性和風險定價的必要性，提出存款保險制度的層次性定價策略。
  3. Using the net assets per capital, the investment return rate, the t - m model, the h - m model, the single factor evaluating model which consists of the treynor index, the jensen index, the sharpe index and the square m index, we evaluate the performance of the twelve mutual funds. and we come to the following conclusions : ( 1 ) after the modification of the risk factor, our mutual funds in the recent one year outguess the market ; ( 2 ) better performance comes from the aid of the government, the improvement of the investment environment and the hard, smart work of the managers especially in the way of selecting some securities in the capital market. ( 3 ) though we make progress, there are still many problems which prevent the further development of our mutual funds such as the devise of the management fee and the characteristics of different funds, all of them divided into the subjective ones and the objective ones

    通過使用投資基金單位凈資產和投資收益率指標、單因素整體績效評估模型，包括treynor指數、 jensen指數、 sharpe指數和業績的m ~ 2測度以及t - m 、 h - m模型對12隻樣本基金進行實證研究，實證研究表明： （ 1 ）經過風險調整后，在最近的一年中，我國證券投資基金的業績總體上優於市場基準組合； （ 2 ）基金業績的提高得益於管理層的重視、投資環境的改善和基金經理的經營，而基金經理的良好業績是通過一定的證券選擇來獲得的； （ 3 ）已成為證券市場上舉足輕重力量的基金在發展過程中雖然取得了一定的成績但其進一步發展還面臨著許多問題，有主觀存在的諸如管理費率的設定、基金風格方面的問題等等，也有客觀存在的諸如證券市場現階段的不完善等等，所以，我們應該抓住《證券投資基金法》問世帶給基金業發展的契機，大力促進證券投資基金規范發展，採取各種措施做大、做優和做強基金業。
  4. It takes agency theory as its premise, human resource property right as its core, and modern distribution theory and risk theory as its foundation. its basic idea is to give high - level managers headed by chief executive officer the right to purchase common stocks of the company at a certain price and time in the future. through this equity system, it ' s expected to inspirit organizations " management in the long run, avoid operators " short - term behavior, and thus reduce agency cost, improve organizations " management structure, and promote the stability of management, so that both constituents ( stake holders ) and vicegerents " ( operators ) targets of gaining profit will be realized finally

    其本質是對經營者的一種薪酬安排；它以代理理論為前提，以人力資本產權理論為核心，以現代分配理論和風險理論為基礎；其基本內容是給予公司內以首席執行官為首的高級管理人員在未來某特定的時間按某一固定價格購買本公司普通股的權力；通過這種機制希望對公司管理層起到長期激勵的作用，避免經營者的短期行為，從而減少代理成本，改善企業的治理結構，促進穩健經營，最終實現委託者（股東）和受託者（經營者）雙贏的目的；它是把期權理論應用於現代激勵機制的一種制度創新，比較符合市場經濟條件下企業經營者的價值取向和企業發展的戰略要求。
  5. After researching the loads on dangerous rock synthetically, the author points out the development and collapse mechanism of dangerous rock : the geology foundations that forms dangerous rock are the constructional surfaces such as tectonic fracture 、 relief fissure, soft interlayer etc. the developing of dangerous rock is due to release of in - situ stress in rock 、 aeolation 、 water erosion and root flerry. the main loads leading to collapse of dangerous rock are gravity, water pressure and earthquake force

    在綜合研究危巖上的各種作用之後，本文提出了危巖的形成和破壞機理：硬質巖體中構造裂隙、卸荷裂隙、及各種軟弱夾層，結構面的的存在是危巖形成的地質基礎；地應力卸荷、風化、流水侵蝕、植物根劈是危巖發育的主要作用；重力、水壓力、地震力是危巖崩塌的主要荷載。
  6. In general, environmental disposal during the course of architectural design of kindergartens can mainly divided into two different parts : the first is based on the up to date evolution in modern infants ’ education theories, its desire is that we must create cultural surroundings which is beneficial to infants ’ all - round by means of architectural arrangement and spatial combination in the course of kindergartens ’ architecture design ; the second is architectural environment disposal commonly, it, based on modern sustainable development ideas, thinks that we should create a peripheral natural environment which benefits infants ’ evolution through full considering on the day lighting, ventilation and virescence about the building

    總體而言，幼兒園建築設計中的環境處理主要可以分為兩個層面:一個是基於現代幼兒教育理論的最新發展產生的，它要求營造有利於幼兒身心全面發展的人文環境，人文環境因素是決定建築差異、形成建築風格的主要因素;另一個則是通常意義上的建築與自然環境關系的處理，它主要是基於現代的可持續發展理念，旨在創造有利於幼兒健康成長的自然環境，自然環境因素是影響、制約建築構成的基本要素。
  7. At last, the author discussed the approach of releasing the two types of risk, pointing out that it must be the only outlet to breaking the path dependence effect and pushing the institutional bifurcation. the innovativeness of the dissertation was manifested in the following facets : first, the two heterodox paradigms were concluded after a thorough and systematical retrospect ; second, a brand - new framework was established by embracing the two paradigms ; third, the concepts of risk and financial risk, especially their information and institutional contains, were expatiated under the framework ; fourth, the characteristics of china ' s economic structure and financial structure and their theoretical meanings were well concluded ; fifth, the commercial banking systematical risk and the stock market systematical risk of china were well explored and explained, and some solutions were reached

    文章創新之處主要體現在以下幾點：通過對既有文獻的廣泛深入了解，歸納出兩個可能對主流經濟學形成挑戰的經濟學研究範式；通過模型化模擬，探討了將兩個範式相互融會貫通、從而建立起具有更好解釋能力和預測能力的理論體系的可能；在上述理論體系下對風險與金融風險進行了經濟理論和經濟史理論層面上的闡釋；以上述闡釋為基礎，對我國經濟結構與金融結構特點進行了理論歸納，對我國目前的商業銀行系統風險與股票市場系統風險進行了深入剖析，並總結出可行的化解途徑。
  8. The content of each part follow as : in the first chapter, as start point and base of the paper, this part focuses on the basic study of definition characteristic of no, and the existing base of no - e - commerce environment ; in the second one, this part studies the theory base of no comprehensively applying the theories of core competence competent strategy and transaction cost ; chapter three studies the no from the coordination of no, and gives the structure clarification and characteristic of no firstly, at the same time, put forward the concept of virtual enterprise cluster ; based on such conclusion, studies the model of no from life cyc organization level process and value chain, and operational mode ; in chapter four, a theoretical explanation was addressed on the above structure by modeling no with game theory and graphic theory ; in the fifth chapter, on the bases of analysis of no operational risks, coordination mechanism of no was studied by individually modeling the no without core and no with core, and then put forward the solution for coordination mechanism of no ; as an important component of coordination mechanism of no, chapter six explored some basic concept of trust and importantly put forward the way of how to build trust in no, especially investigated the supporting function of valid reputation mechanism of no for the trust building, importantly an operational method on building reputation mechanism and evaluation method in no were given ; the last chapter applied the conclusion of the paper to investigate the famous trade web - sunbu. com analyzed its shortcoming and gave the advices of developing

    全文共分為七章，主要內容如下：第一章作為全文的理論出發點和基礎，圍繞網路組織的定義、特徵以及網路組織生存基礎- -電子商務環境等方面對網路組織的基本概念進行了闡述；第二章綜合運用核心能力、競爭戰略和交易費用理論對網路組織產生的理論基礎進行闡述；第三章首先從組織協調的角度對網路組織進行了研究，給出了網路組織的結構，分類和特徵，同時並給出了虛擬企業群簇；然後在此基礎上分別研究了網路組織的生命周期模型、層次模型、過程模型、價值鏈模型，以及運行模式；第四章綜合運用博弈論、圖論的相關知識，通過構建網路組織的模型，對上一章所研究的網路組織結構的形成機理給出了一種理論解釋；第五章在分析網路組織運行風險的基礎上，分別建立無盟主網路組織的博弈論模型和有盟主網路組織的博弈論模型，詳細研究了網路組織的協調機制，然後給出了網路組織協調機制的解決方案；第六章作為網路組織協調機制的重要組成部分，本章在討論了網路組織中建立信任機制的必要性的基礎上，研究了網路組織信任關系的類型，提出了在網路組織中如何建立信任機制。
  9. The dissertation analyzes determinants of financial structure of listed agribusinesses in china by using the empirical methodology, and provides the empirical evidences of theories of financial structure and traits of chinese listed agribusinesses. the influence of the micro - factors and macro - circumstance is tested. in addition it shows reasons from tax, bankruptcy risk, agency cost and asymmetric information perspectives

    全文從微觀因素和宏觀環境兩個層面展開，分析了盈利性、經營風險、資產實質性、規模、稅收制度、股權結構、金融體系等因素對融資結構的影響，並從稅收、破產風險、代理成本和不對稱信息的角度分析了產生的原因。
  10. The internal audit division was established in 1995 to assist management in accomplishing organisational objectives by independently reviewing and evaluating the effectiveness of risk management, control and governance processes, and advising on opportunities for improvement

    內部審核處於1995年成立，目的是透過獨立檢討及評估風險管理監控及管治程序，及提出改善建議以協助管理層達致金管局的目標。
  11. Then, this paper empirically tested the validation and predictive accuracy of different var risk management model in the domestic financial market. finally, with the analysis of modem financial risk management development trend and the current domestic financial risk management situation, this paper made a prospect for the application of this model in the construction of domestic financial risk management system. through the analysis, the main conclusions are as follows : ( l ) the traditional mean - variance model is the special example of the portfolio selection based on the var risk management model for the case that the returns of the portfolio are assumed to be normally distributed ; compared with the mean - variance model, the var risk management model is more comprehensive and accurate in the measurement of the portfolio risk, so based on the var model, the investors can allocate the asset more effectively. ( 2 ) the var risk management model can provide the timely and comprehensive risk information for the top risk manager, so it is very helpful to the improvement of total risk management efficiency. ( 3 ) based on the var model, the raroc performance valuation approach can reflect the real performance of the portfolio manager and provide the coherent standard for the allocation of risk limitation and the construction of the incentive compatibility constraint mechanism in the financial instiutions

    通過研究分析，本文主要得出如下結論： （ 1 ）傳統的markowitz均值? ?方差模型僅僅是在資產組合收益率正態分佈假設條件下基於var風險管理模型進行資產組合選擇的特例，與均值? ?方差模型中的方差風險度量方法相比， var風險管理模型能夠更全面、更貼切地衡量資產組合的風險，且基於此模型能夠更有效地進行資產配置決策； （ 2 ） var風險管理模型能夠滿足更高層次風險管理者對風險信息的需求，有助於整體風險管理效率的提高； （ 3 ）基於var風險管理模型的raroc績效評價能夠反映資產組合管理人的真實業績，從而為金融機構風險限額的分配和激勵約束機制的制定提供統一的標準； （ 4 ）國內證券市場資產組合收益率服從正態分佈的假設明顯不成立，實證檢驗表明基於資產組合收益率正態分佈假設條件下的方差? ?協方差模型對國內資產組合風險的預測存在較大的偏差，由於文中證明在收益率正態分佈假設條件下基於方差? ?協方差模型進行資產組合選擇的結果等價于markowitz的均值? ?方差模型，因此，均值? ?方差模型對國內資產組合風險的預測同樣會存在著較大的偏差，而半參數var風險管理模型則能夠取得較好的預測衡量效果； （ 5 ） var風險管理模型符合未來金融風險管理的發展趨勢，基於var風險管理模型建立內容提要風險限額內控體系、風險信息披露體系和業績評價體系，並進行金融監管，將有助於國內金融機構內部風險管理方法和外部監管技術跟上國際金融風險管理的發展潮流。
  12. Just imagine the stock market as a totally computerised trading and custodian system linked with the electronic money payment and settlement system, so that real - time delivery versus payment happens instantaneously when a transaction is made, even at the retail level. this market structure, being the most robust and desirable from the risk management and efficiency points of view is technically possible now, and should be considered as the target for market development

    試想像股市運作變成完全電腦化，買賣託管電子支付及交收程序連成一體，每宗交易包括零售層面都能貨銀兩訖即時支付交收：從風險管理及效率的角度來看，這都是最穩健的市場結構，而且在技術上已經可行，應該將此列作市場發展的目標。
  13. Due to globalization and technological advancements, new kinds of risks evolve all the time. these are either difficult or impossible to insure by traditional ( re ) insurance means. what ' s more, the natural catastrophes have kept on striking the world one after another, which incurred enormous amount of losses that far exceeded the capacity of many ( re ) insurance companies. thus, as the result of a chain effect, large number of players went to bankruptcy. hard conditions now prevail in ( re ) insurance markets, which in turn leads to the shortages of market capacity and hence the increased premiums and tightened terms

    面對巨災以及重大損失的沖擊，傳統的分散風險的方法是通過保險或再保險來轉移風險，減少損失的程度。由於巨災的不確定性及不可預測性，近年來，國際再保險市場獲利不佳，導致再保險費用不斷上漲，進而使保險公司面臨成本大幅上升、甚至無法購買足額再保險的困境。因此，保險公司高層管理人員和風險管理者紛紛尋求其他管理損失風險的方式用以避免或減少巨災或重大損失造成的沖擊。
  14. However, in the imperfect market, the existence of tax, transaction friction, information cost, information asymmetry and agent cost indicates that risk management will directly affect the value maximization goal of the firm mid then increase firm ' s value

    然而，不完全市場條件下，稅收、交易摩擦、信息有償獲得、信息不對稱以及代理成本等因素的存在表明，風險管理會直接影響到公司價值最大化的目標，公司層面的風險管理能夠增加公司價值。
  15. Based on the analysis of existing problem, supervision level, risk management and risk supervision system construction of china ' s network bank, this paper studies the risk and supervision of china ' s network bank

    摘要本文從網路銀行存在的主要風險、成因、監管層次、我國網路銀行風險管理現狀及我國網路銀行風險監管體系構造幾個方面對我國網路銀行的風險及監管進行了研究。
  16. In the high - risk securities sector, the losses and bankruptcies caused by improper security investments occur one after another in recent years. notwithstanding that new funds ( funds issued after 1998 in relation to old funds ) have not yet experienced liquidation in china, net value of many funds falls below rmb1. 00 in 2002. these facts have aroused the awareness that risk management is not only a requirement raised by securities regulatory authority for fund entities but also a prerequisite condition for fund entities to survive

    證券業是一個高風險的行業，近年來因證券投資造成的虧損破產事件層出不窮，我國雖然目前還沒有新基金（指1998年之後發起的基金，相對于老基金）被清盤，但進入2002年以來，大量基金凈值跌破1元人民幣，這些事實使人們意識到對于基金公司來說風險管理不僅是監管機構的要求更是基金公司賴以生存的先決條件。
  17. Yet the questions arise about whether there is a possibility that competition - induced cost - saving measures might have led to management thinning to the extent of impairing the ability of individual banks to manage risk generally and operational risk in particular

    盡管如此，銀行在競爭壓力下採取削減成本的措施，令人擔心會否引致個別銀行的管理層變得過于薄弱，以致影響銀行的風險管理，特別是業務操作風險的管理能力。
  18. Taken the verace technology co., ltd ( vtc ) as an example, the risks of software projects are studied. on the basis of analysis for the status and problems of software project management in vtc, the risks defending management system of software projects has been designed and probed into by integrative using of many relative theories and the latest researches, such as project management, risks management, software engineering etc. four parts are included in the paper

    文章在對維萊信公司的風險現狀分析研究的基礎上，綜合利用項目管理、風險管理、軟體工程等相關理論及其最新發展成果，探討並設計了「維萊信公司軟體項目風險防範體系」 ，為該公司的項目風險管理工作提出了一套系統化的解決方案，以期能為該公司的高層管理者的風險管理實踐提供指導，同時也希望能為國內同類企業解決類似問題提供一種參考。
  19. With the development of the international economy unity and rmb ' s getting exchangeable freely, the foreign exchange risk has influenced the enterprise management more and more significantly, therefore, foreign exchange risk comes to play a more and more important role in the enterprise with foreign business in china. in today ' s environment of volatile of foreign exchange markets, global integration of operation has accelerated the foreign exchange risk for enterprises

    隨著全球經濟一體化的發展以及中國加入wto ，外匯風險管理日益成為我國涉外企業普遍關注的熱點和難點問題之一。隨著這一熱點問題的不斷升溫，這一問題也早已成為理論界研究的前沿問題，國內外各種理論研究成果層出不窮，但針對我國涉外企業的外匯風險管理來說，能真正有效地利用這些復雜的理論的則為數不多。
  20. The main aim such a research tries to achieve is : ( l ) with the investigation into the basic principles and international practices of debt - in - lieu - equity, to provide us with some valuable suggestion on the risk analysis and its shunning, when we undergo the operation of debt - in - lieu - equity. ( 2 ) to analyze the necessity and reality of the policy choice of state - owned enterprises debt - in - lieu - equity ; ( 3 ) with some specific theories and some investigations into the project design and its corresponding applications of our state - owned enterprises debt - in - lieu - equity, to perceive the latent risks and its forming mechanism ; ( 4 ) beginning from the point of our country ' s special system background and the country ' s situation, to explore the deep root of risks existing in the operation of debt - in - lieu - equity ; ( 5 ) bring forward some fundamental ideas and reasonable counter - measures to shun the risks of our debt - in - lieu - equity on the basis of former researches

    本文的總體研究思路是：通過對債轉股一般原理及國際實踐的考察，為我國國有企業債轉股的風險分析及規避提供有益的啟示；分析我國國有企業債轉股政策選擇的必要性和現實性；結合有關理論，通過對我國國有企業債轉股的方案設計和實際操作的考察和研究，識別其間所蘊藏的風險，分析風險的形成機理；從我國特殊體制背景和國情出發，透析我國國有企業債轉股的深層次風險根源；在前面系統深入研究的基礎上，提出規避防範我國國有企業債轉股風險的基本思路和科學的對策。
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