高程平差 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [gāochéngpíngchā]
高程平差 英文
vertical adjustment
  • 高 : Ⅰ形容詞1 （從下向上距離大; 離地面遠） tall; high 2 （在一般標準或平均程度之上; 等級在上的） above...
  • 程 : 名詞1 （規章; 法式） rule; regulation 2 （進度; 程序） order; procedure 3 （路途; 一段路） journe...
  • 平 : Ⅰ形容詞1 （沒有高低凹凸 不頃斜） flat; level; even; smooth 2 （高度相同; 不相上下） on the same l...
  • 差 : 差Ⅰ名詞1 （不相同; 不相合） difference; dissimilarity 2 （差錯） mistake 3 [數學] （差數） differ...
  1. And understanding and studying the spectral features and variation rules of geo - targets in the experimental area, raising that it is the basis of geo - targets information collection with imaging spectrometer data to understand spectral features and variation rules of geo - targets, realizing that in a great extent spectral - integrated - form - based classification method can remove the phenomenon of " different spectrum with same objects " resulted from reflection ratio curve translation because of the angle change among sensor, targets and observation direction, and the average and variance images can be introduced to solve the problem of two kinds of geo - target with similar spectral forms and much different values of whole reflection ratio. it is suggested that " red edge " range bands of vegetation, which has close relationship with vegetation cover and biomass, is the main characteristic bands and important basis for careful vegetation classification and quantitative retrieval, and pixel - based derivative spectral analysis is very useful for removing the effects of soil background values and quantitatively retrieving vegetation biomass and cover. the remote sense quantitative retrieval model is developed for main appraisable factors of desertification monitoring assessment with imaging spectrometer data and then the applicability of model is analyzed

    研究結果如下：首先針對荒漠化地區的地物特徵，對高光譜數據不同波段的數據質量、波段組合進行了評價，提出了適用於荒漠化監測的基本波段選擇集；初步了解和掌握了研究地區的地物光譜特性及變異規律，進一步明確了掌握地物光譜特徵和變異規律是用成像光譜儀數據提取地物信息的基礎；發現了基於光譜整體形狀的分類方法在很大程度上能夠消除由於傳感器、地物目標觀測方向之間的角度變化引起的反射率曲線整體平移的「同物異譜」現象，對于譜形相似而整體反射率的值相差較大的兩類地物，通過引入均值和方差圖像參與分類得到解決；研究還表明在植被「紅邊」范圍內的波段是進行荒漠化監測的主要特徵波段，這些波段與植被生物量和蓋度都有密切的關系，是開展精細植被分類研究和植被定量反演的重要基礎；像元的導數光譜分析可以消除土壤背景的影響，是進行植被生物量和蓋度定量反演的有力工具；建立了荒漠化監測主要評價因子的定量反演模型，並分析了模型的適用性。
  2. Data preprocessing refers to the process of polygonization, smoothing, decimation and registration. the flow and main steps of data preprocessing are described here. several specific cases, for example the sampling method based on chordal deviation, the feature based registration, are discussed

    本文研究和討論了點雲預處理的基本流程和主要步驟，研究點雲光順的高斯濾波，中值濾波和平均濾波方法、點雲精簡的弦高差演算法和多視點雲特徵對齊的方法。
  3. This drilling adopts crank connecting link and walking beam percussion mechanism, which make the drilling possess two percussive functions, normal drilling takes connecting link impact as main mode, when encountering special situation and the connecting link impact can not drill, it can transform into hoisting impact, the stroke length can be modulated, it realizes automatic percussive drilling due to continuous operating of connecting link percussive mechanism, these can enhance drilling efficiency and relieve labor intensity ; it adopts pumping reverse circulation to drain slag, which not only resolves the drilling difficulty in special stratum such as pebble and gravel stratum and hard stratum, but also resolves the problem that the percussive drill ' s efficiency is low ; it adopts spur gear differential mechanism as double cylinders lazy tongs of main hoist, which not only ensures the balance state of drilling tool, but also reduces the mechanical design, and reduces the cost ; the bottom plate traveling motion of this drilling machine adopts walking type ; the drilling tower adopts hydraulic pressure uprising, and reduces the assistant operating time

    該鉆機採用曲柄連桿、游梁式沖擊機構，使鉆機具有兩種沖擊功能;正常鉆進以連桿沖擊為主，遇到特殊情況，用連桿沖擊不能鉆進時，可轉為卷揚沖擊，沖程可調，因連桿沖擊機構連續工作，所以實現了自動沖擊鉆進，可提高鉆進效率，減輕勞動強度;採用泵吸反循環的方式排渣，既能有效解決卵礫石地層、堅硬地層等特殊地層鉆進的困難，又很好地解決了沖擊鉆機效率低下的問題;採用直齒圓柱齒輪差速機構作為主卷揚的雙筒同步機構，既保證了鉆具處于平衡狀態，又大大簡化了該機構設計，降低了成本;該鉆機底盤行走移位採用步履式;鉆塔採用液壓起立，減少了輔助作業時間。
  4. There were also differences between the personal characteristics of these participants with the need of leisure and sports ( 1 ) for the ages of these participants, it approached the level of significance differences between the age under and above 30 years old. ( 2 ) for the educational level of these participants, level of college was more than senior high school and university

    二、不同背景變項的護理人員從事休閑運動的需要，以30歲以上的高於30歲以下者，且差異達顯著水平；高中（職）學歷者之需要程度高於專科與大學以上，且專科與高中（職）差異達顯著水平。
  5. A new approximate adjustment method for arbitrary centralized polygon is developed, together with its corresponding programme. an example is given to illustrate its higher computation efficiency, compared with the traditional method. both results are identical

    本文導出了中點多邊形近似平差的新演算法，並給出了適合任意中點多邊形平差的計算程序，計算結果和傳統方法一致，但避免了數據的重復輸入，提高了計算效率。
  6. Least squares solution of equation is used to calculate and adjustment transformation matrix at same time, transformation matrix is used to calculate the 3 - axis angle of star sensor. so is very fast and precise

    利用方程組的最小二乘解求取轉換矩陣，通過轉換矩陣計算星敏感器的三軸姿態角，使姿態計算和平差同時進行，具有較高的姿態計算精度和計算速度。
  7. Comparision of the height accuracy obtained from efp bundle adjustment and forward intersection using simulation space photogrammetric data

    法光束法平差與直接前方交會計算高程的精度比較
  8. Then the periodic properties of geocenter motion in the x, y, z components are summarized. considering the statistical precision of the gps observations, the geometrical distribution of gps stations and their physical stablility, a new method to determine the parameters of geocenter motion is studied and analyzed. in order to have a better understanding of its effect on the height datum origin, the rule of geocenter motion in the horizontal and vertical components are also analyzed and some useful conclusions are drawn

    提出了將譜分析與抗差估計相結合的抗差譜分析方法，並用該方法分析了地心運動時間序列的主要周期特性；為合理地確定地心運動參數，詳細研究與分析了一種新的定權方法對求解地心運動參數的作用，該方法充分利用了gps觀測量的統計精度、點位的幾何分佈以及物理穩定性；為了明確地心運動導致的高程基準的變化，分析了地心運動對地面點的水平分量和垂直分量的影響規律。
  9. In view of the altitude problems of inspecting the weighted average ways of obtaining altitude and the advantages and disadvantages of moving surface interpolation method are talked about through comparison, with which the writer draws a conclusion that moving surface interpolation method is suitable to be applied for the dynamic state inspection places, moreover the key technology about the dynamic slate inspection is also taken into consideration, which includes digital camera and types of camera lens, the cause of camera lens distortion and the fundamental determining principle, the gain of image coordinate and the realization of time synchronization

    針對檢定點高程問題，分析比較了獲取高程的加權平均法和移動曲而內插法的優缺點，得出移動曲面內插法適合用於動態檢定場的結論。特別是針對動態檢定的關鍵技術給予了相關研究，內容涉及：數碼相機及相機鏡頭的選型，相機畸變差產生原因及測定的基本原理，像片坐標獲取以及時間同步實現，得出結論：利用gpsoem板的秒脈沖（ 1pps ）輸出特性，能夠實現兩臺數碼相機與gps接收機時間同步，滿足動態檢定指標要求。
  10. Through comparing the level of educational investment which is evaluated by the number of students at school with the level of educational income which is evaluated by population of high school and higher educational level in every 10 thousand persons, the author draws following conclusions : 1. there are salient differences in educational income at equal level of educational investment. 2. some provinces which pay more for education get fewer, while the other which pay fewer get more

    通過比較各省區以每萬人口中普通教育在校生數代表的教育投資水平和以每萬人口中高中以上文化程度人數代表的教育收益水平，結論是：在同等的教育投資水平上，不同地區教育收益水平差異顯著；教育投資與收益存在錯位，投資較少的地區收益較大，投資較大的地區收益較少。
  11. Some features of the engineering control network demand special applications of gps in road and bridge engineering, for example, particular requirement of accuracy on some aspect that results in distribution of net points and sometimes bigger height difference of points, consideration of staking out in construction in the design of engineering control network, application of independent engineering coordinate system, and use of engineering mean height surface as the projection surface of computation

    由於工程式控制制網的一些自身特性，如施工控制網要考慮施工放樣的方便，或某一方面精度的特定要求，網點分佈不夠均勻，點間高差有時較大；採用工程獨立坐標系，並且往往以工程平均高程面為計算投影面等等，使得gps在路橋工程中的應用也有一些特殊性。
  12. The in - situ testing includes surface deformations, sub - surface movements, earth pressures, pore water pressures, underground water levels, spt, stresses of pipes and pipe - soil contact stresses. in addition, the total jacking forces, deviations in line and level of the pipe line and earth pressures in the earth pressure balance machines ( epbm ) are also recorded. the results of field - testing are analyzed, and the variety of testing datum include earth pressures, pore water pressures and underground water levels during the course of the shield through it are studied

    現場測試內容包括地面變形、深層土體變形、土壓力變化、孔隙水壓力變化、地下水位變化、土體標準貫入試驗、管道內力變化、管土接觸應力變化以及頂管施工現場記錄（包括頂力、土壓力、平面偏差、高程偏差等） 。
  13. Now the 2d precision of spatial points is very great, but because by usual correlation fitting method we can transfer gps ellipsoidal height into normal height of the local geoid is considered as mathematical curve plane, it is not conform the fact of mountainous districts so the precision of elevation is so small that it is not satisfied with the requirement of leveling

    目前，地面點的平面位置確定精度已相當高，但高程精度始終未能達到水準測量的要求，因為將gps大地高轉化為水準正常高的擬合推估方法是將局部大地水準面視為數學曲面，常常與實際情況差異較大（特別在西部山區差異更大） 。
  14. Then the origin vertical shift of cnhd85 with respect to whd is calculated from geopotentials. and the systematic difference and its distribution of cnhd85 is analyzed from the difference of height anomalies. at last, the systematic difference of the mean sea level at qingdao tide gauge is further testified from the sea surface topography model

    然後基於位理論方法求出了1985國家高程基準點的垂直偏差，基於高程異常差分析了1985國家高程基準的系統差及其分佈規律，最後基於海面地形模型進一步揭示了青島驗潮站平均海平面的系統差。
  15. 1 ) the relationship between different communities with different development conditions and labor transformation. the more developed community, more opportunities of off - farm employment rural labors are facing, with higher individual transformation rate. on the other hand, the less developed community, the less opportunities of off - farm employment, with lower individual transformation rate

    （ 1 ）不同社區經濟發展程度差異與勞動力轉移的關系：經濟發展水平較高的社區，農村勞動力面臨的非農就業機會相對較多，個體轉移的概率隨之提高，反之，社區發展水平越低，勞動力個體選擇從事非農的機會下降，個體轉移的可能性隨之下降。
  16. First through poor quality analysis, conclude that it is necessary to strengthen quality inspection and quality control so as to reduce internal and external failure cost ; second through sorting and analysis of all non - conformance records happened before quality sustainable improve approach, make us understand it is crucial to strengthen quality sense, enhance bottom management and improve process capacity ; third through analysis of previous year compound quality level before quality sustainable improve approach, point out the compound quality level gap between byq tank shop and counterpart, make us feel quality crisis ; last in connection with byq company production volume development target, conclude it is inevitable for byq company to select the development pattern of reducing cycle time and improve output

    首先是運用質量成本分析法指出油箱車間加強質量檢查和質量控制以減少內部和外部故障成本的必要性；其次是將油箱車間質量持續改進前一年所發生的所有產品不合格記錄進行了整理分析，使我們看到增強質量意識、加強基礎管理和提高工藝能力的迫切性；接下來計算分析了油箱車間質量持續改進前一年的綜合質量水平，找出了油箱車間與同行業者的質量水平差距以及與世界級製造商們的差距，使我們意識到質量危機感；最後針對整個byq公司以後的生產量發展目標，指出減少過程周期時間或增加過程產出是byq公司發展的必然選擇。
  17. In order to get this, some useful explorations on how to analysis and solve the problem of the ill - conditioning have been made and several biased estimators have been put forward. in fact, analyzing the essence, overcoming the effect of ill - conditioning and obtaining more accurate and stable parameters estimator is an new task in gps surveying data processing, which have been determined as an important studying field in contemporary surveying error theory and engineering data processing by the international association of geodesy ( iag )

    事實上，分析測量平差系統病態性的實質、克服或減弱測量平差系統病態性的影響、採用有偏估計等方法提高參數估計和平差成果的精度，是當前gps等重大測量工程數據處理中所面臨的一個重要課題，它已被國際大地測量協會（ iag ）確立為現代測量誤差理論及數據處理研究中的一項重要內容。
  18. Mapping accuracy to less than 2 pixels in xy - plane and 4 pixels in height can be achieved for plain operators

    初步評估一般航測作業人員應可達兩像元之平面位置較差，與四個像元之高程較差，足敷數位攝影測量實習。
  19. The geoid is used to be regarded as the theoretic global vertical reference. the actual national height references are regional mean sea levels determined by tide gauge station. the difference between them is apparent

    大地水準面作為全球高程測量的理論基準面，在現實工作中，國家或者地區高程系統的起算面是利用驗潮方法來確定局部平均海平面的，兩者之間的差距是顯而易見的。
  20. The second part is the third chapter, which studies the highway ' s construction scale. the conclusion can be drawn from summarizing several typical countries ' s highway construction that most developed countries reduce the difference between regions via highway construction in a big way. when the economy reaches a certain degree. this exemplifies the validity of our high - speed highway building in western regions. the elastic coefficient of mileage and gdp in our country is compared with that of germany. reasonable proportion of highway construction and its density is discussed from point of sustainable development

    通過總結幾個典型國家公路建設的共同規律，得出經濟發展到一定程度后，大多發達國家靠通過大規模的公路建設來縮小國內地區間的差異。這正說明我國目前加大西部公路投資力度，縮小東西部差距這一做法的正確性和有效性。運用類比法，對中德兩國公路里程和gdp的彈性系數進行分析比較，得出我國在相當的時間內彈性系數將保持在較高水平。
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