高空對流層 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [gāokōngduìliúcéng]
高空對流層
英文
troposphere- 高 : Ⅰ形容詞1 (從下向上距離大; 離地面遠) tall; high 2 (在一般標準或平均程度之上; 等級在上的) above...
- 空 : 空Ⅰ形容詞(不包含什麼; 裏面沒有東西或沒有內容; 不切實際的) empty; hollow; void Ⅱ名詞1 (天空) s...
- 對 : Ⅰ動詞1 (回答) answer; reply 2 (對待; 對付) treat; cope with; counter 3 (朝; 向; 面對) be tr...
- 流 : Ⅰ動1 (液體移動; 流動) flow 2 (移動不定) drift; move; wander 3 (流傳; 傳播) spread 4 (向壞...
- 層 : i 量詞1 (用於重疊、積累的東西 如樓層、階層、地層) storey; tier; stratum 2 (用於可以分項分步的...
- 高空 : high altitude; upper air; welkin高空病 airsickness; altitude sickness; aeroembolism; hypobaropath...
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Ozone enhancement was observed in the lower troposphere over kunming on 21 march 2001 using electrochemical concentration cell ozonesondes
摘要2001 - 03 - 21在昆明用電化學臭氧探空儀探測到了對流層低層異常的高濃度臭氧分佈。But in flood years, the convergences in mid - and low - level of troposphere are strong. divergence departure in 200hpa is positive, so the pumping cause the updraft stronger. as we all know, the updraft is better to the rain
澇年對流層中下層輻合偏強, zoohpa上,高原東北側地區為正散度距平區,輻散較常年偏強,高空輻散抽吸作用使得該區盛行上升氣流,有利於降水的形成。Ms room is globality, and anpoore conaned to nahon - state. it is a entiroiunent without border and inunateria1ity it is provided with alhtudinal open, also mpe against order power ths room is imbued with elashcity and even bear upstair fluid. it contain all face abou human being
具有高度的開放性,並且反對階層式威權,此種全球性的信息空間,是充滿彈性且具有高度的流動性的,它涵蓋了人類生活的一切面向。Besides, the information on actual height of lowest cloud base is used in constructing of cloud liquid water profile by using radiosonde profiles, that makes an improvement of relative accuracy of retrieved value of l at almost all altitudes by 5 - 20 % according to numerical simulation comparison. the lower the altitude is, the more the accuracy is improved
為減少由於回歸樣本中雲液水廓線的『失真』給反演造成的誤差,本文在對探空廓線作診斷建立雲液水廓線時,引入了實際目測的最低雲底高的信息。數值模擬比較表明該措施行之有效,使對流層中下層的幾乎所有高度上l反演值的精度提高5 - 20 ,觀測高度越低,精度提高越多。The quasi - geostrophic process was diagnosed for a case of severe cold air breakout under the blocking situation during 16 - 18 march of 1998. the attention was focused on the relationship between the surface anticyclone and 500hpa blocking high. the results indicate that the cold outbreak is associated with the adjustment of blocking situation in the ural area, i. e. the collapsing and rebuilding of the ural mountain blocking high. the temperature advections in the lower troposphere shown that the polar cold air invading from the northwest caused the ural blocking high collapsed, and a new ridge developed rapidly was due to the warm advection on the southwestern side which led to the ural blocking high rebuilt. in addition, the distribution of the vertical motion on 700hpa shown that the surface high splitting was related to the considerable upward motion located on the southeastern part of surface high
對1998年3月中旬一次高空阻塞形勢下強冷空氣過程進行了診斷分析,著重討論強冷空氣爆發前後地面反氣旋活動與高空阻塞形勢調整的關系。研究結果表明,強冷空氣的爆發與烏拉爾地區阻塞形勢的調整阻塞高壓的崩潰和重建緊密相關。對流層下部的溫度平流分析表明,阻塞形勢的調整是由於阻塞高壓上游西北方有冷空氣侵入導致了阻塞高壓的崩潰,而上游來自西南方向的強暖流則導致高壓脊迅速發展,使阻塞高壓重新建立。The analysis of the large - scale synoptic situation shows that strong precipitation is closely related to the explosion of monsoon and the intensification of cross - equatorial flow which bring a lot of vapor and meet with cold masses at the eastern of northwest district on 8th, june causing extremely heavy rainfall ; that subtropical high - level jet at 200hpa, subtropical high at 500hpa and low - level jet at 850hpa are the weather backgrounds favorable to strong precipitation ; that the pattern of eastern highs and western lows and the establishment of a low - level jet and the coupling between upper - and low - level patterns that determine that the rain occurred in the east of the northwest china ( on average, this is the rainy season for the south of china, but not for the northwest china ) ; that water vapor comes from southerly and easterly flow which converge at the eastern of northwest district with convergence mainly in lower levels and pbl ; that the high value of the whole - level apparent heat source < q1 > is near the area of large rainfall in the direction of northeasterly - southwesterly agreeable to shear line very well and the condensation latent heat releasing is main heat source with vertical advection item playing key role in q1 and q2 ; that there is a vertical secondary circulation crossing low - lever jet whose ascending branch is at the area of large rainfall ; that the construction of convection instability and conditional symmetry instability results that there is not only deep thermal instability, but also moisture influx and triggering mechanism of thermal instability causing strong torrential rain
作為對比,本文還對2002年6月24 - 25日發生在北京地區的強地形雨進行了分析,並討論陜南、北京地區兩地暴雨的異同點以及地形作用的共性和個性,為兩地暴雨預報提供有益的參考,得出了一些很有意義的結果: 1大尺度環流背景分析表明: ( 1 ) 「 02 . 6 」強降水與6月上旬越赤道氣流和季風爆發密切相關,攜帶大量水汽的偏南氣流與冷空氣於6月8日交匯在西北地區東部,導致了這次強降水的發生; ( 2 ) 200hpa的副熱帶西風急流、 500hpa副高以及850hpa的低空急流的配置非常有利於本文分析之陜西強降水的發展與維持。大尺度形勢分析表明,東高西低形勢場、低空急流的建立和高低空形勢的配置決定了這場降雨出現在西北地區東部。與暴雨區相聯系,存在一支橫越低空急流的經向垂直環流,暴雨區處于該垂直環流的上升支; ( 3 )偏南和偏東氣流水汽通道在西北地區東部交匯,水汽的輻合積聚主要在對流層低層和行星邊界層內完成; ( 4 )整層的視熱源< q _ 1 >高值區在暴雨區附近呈東北-西南向分佈,與切變線走向非常一致,降水產生的凝結潛熱釋放是強降水區大氣的主要熱源。Jet stream is an elongated belt of high speed air, typically found in upper tropospheric westerly flow round the globe. a jet stream may stretch over tens of thousands of kilometres in length from west to east and a few hundred kilometres in width from north to south
高空急流是圍繞地球的一條強而窄的高速氣流帶,集中在對流層上部或平流層中,在中高緯西風帶內或在低緯度地區都可出現。The area is southwest of a tutt cell with weak eastward outflow and moderate equatorward outflow
94w最大的問題也就是高空輻散不夠強了,和處于tutt (熱帶對流層上部槽)的西南側有關。Through analysis of potential vorticity in isobaric surface field, in low - troposphere a positive potential vorticity disturbance exist and form incline disturbance column northward before rainstorm generation, at the same time have also reflected positive potential vorticity disturbance for severe convection weather trigger role in lower - troposphere ; soon positive potential vorticity disturbance in high - troposphere downward, form one vertical disturbance column, now corresponding precipitation develop stage ; in the prosperous stage of rainstorm that maintains isolines of horizontal distribution and still have straight positive potential vorticity disturbance in 600 - 700 hpa isobaric surface field ; when near ground arises negative potential vorticity disturbance, precipitation also weaken
通過對等壓面的位渦分析,發現了在暴雨發生前,在對流層低層有正位渦擾動存在並向北形成傾斜的擾動柱,同時也反映了對流層低層正位渦擾動對強對流天氣的觸發作用;隨后高層正位渦向下擾動,形成一個垂直擾動柱,這時對應降水的發展階段:在暴雨的鼎盛階段, 600 700hpa上空維持水平分佈的等值線,在其上還有正的位渦擾動;當近地面出現負的位渦擾動時,降水隨之也減弱。In 1999, the dipole existed in between the okhotsk high and the depression in the north of northeast china, thus the okhotsk high became active and maintained, the subh was located to an area quite further south than usual. the high persisted in the east region of nw china, the cold air flowed to the mid - lower reaches of the yangtze river along the high. in the east region of nw china, air steam under troposphere was strong sinking motion, and formatted the negative vorticity region, the vapour flux divergence was divgence. lt was apparently that the rain could n ' t occur in the eastern portin of nw china. in 2000 year, okhotsk high was very weak or did n ' t exist in, there was high in the east asia - japan, the subh is located to an area further north than usual. in the east region of nw china, the trough maintained, air stream under troposphere was strong ascending motion, the cycolonic circulation was prevailing, the vapour flux divergence was intensive convergences the rain easy happened in the east areas of northwest china
4多梅雨1999年鄂霍茨克海阻塞高壓與我國東北北部低壓形成偶極子,使得阻塞高壓穩定少動,西太副高位置偏南,西北地區東部持續受高壓控制,冷空氣沿此高壓流經長江中下游地區上空;在西北地區東部對流層中下層氣流下沉運動較強,呈反氣旋渦度,水汽通量散度輻散,不利於西北地區東部降水。空梅雨2000年相反,鄂霍茨克海高壓減弱甚至不存在,東亞-日本為高壓,西太副高位置偏西偏北,西北地區東部處于西風槽中,對流層中下層氣流上升運動增強,盛行低壓環流,水汽通量散度強烈輻合,有利於降水生成。The analysis of dry pv shows that the high pv dominate the area of typhoon, the higher is the center value of pv, the stronger is the typhoon. lt is also shown that the most important reason resulting in rainstorm is the cold air ( high pv ) which spreads to south from the upper troposphere or lower stratosphere and transports into the warm air. the joining situation of upper and lower pv area make vortex develop. pv transpotation reduces static stability, which increases the releasing of instability energy and makes rainstorm amplify
對干位渦的分析表明:臺風或臺風環流區為高值位渦區,臺風越強,位渦中心值越大;對流層上部或平流層下部冷空氣(高位渦)的擴散南下與暖濕氣流的交匯是造成特大暴雨的重要原因,因為上游斜壓性的發展使對流層頂發生折疊,平流層與對流層相互作用增強,上下位渦區相接的形勢使低層渦旋發展,上升運動加強,位渦的下傳有效地降低了靜力穩定度,有利於位勢不穩定能量的釋放,使得暴雨增幅。The total ozone distribution over stratosphere layer in china appears obviously seasonal variation tendency, that is, the value of total ozone in spring and winter is higher than that in summer and autumn, while the maximum of surface o3 over waliguan is in summer, which is relatively late, approximately 2 - 3 months, it illustrates that the vertical transport from stratosphere has important effect to the increasing of surface o3. compare to the izana global observatory, surface o3 has been slowly increasing, but not so stable, it also shows that the monitoring of surface o3 has global scale, and its data has comparability in the world
( 7 )中國大陸上空平流層臭氧柱總量分佈存在明顯的季節變化趨勢,即冬春季臭氧柱總量高於夏秋季;瓦里關近地面層臭氧濃度最高值出現在夏季,落後平流層2 3個月,說明在瓦里關地區夏季平流層o _ 3的垂直輸送對地面臭氧濃度的增加發揮著重要作用; ( 9 )與izana全球站相比,地面o _ 3均呈逐年上升趨勢,上升較為緩慢,且不太穩定,說明瓦里關地區地面o _ 3監測具有一定的全球尺度和國際可比性。Before moving into the ocean, the low was colder on the low stratosphere, while into the ocean, the low was colder on the whole level below 200hpa
在入海前,對流層低層是冷心結構,中高層是暖心結構;而在人海后, 200hpa以下都是冷心結構,水平尺度迅速增大,變成高空冷渦。In transforming stage the intruding of cold air intensifies convergence in lower level, which makes for kinetic energy generation and favors to cyclone maintaining. in reintensifying stage the effect of upper jet increases kinetic energy generation by divergent wind in lower level, which causes baroclinic developing in cyclone
在變性階段,由於冷空氣的侵入使低層的動能製造增加,對臺風的維持起了主要的作用在重新加強階段,高空急流的影響使低層散度風的動能製造明顯增加,使氣旋斜壓不穩定發展。4, the summer rainfall anomaly in northeast china bears close correlation with the atmospheric circulation backgroud. while cold air in middle and high levels of troposphere is active in wet year with the positive anomalies over high - latitude and polar area, the active longwave ridge, the anomalous long - wave ridge in northeast china and inner - mogolia as well as the northward and eastward of the polar vortex, the contrary is in the dry year in northeast china
4東北地區夏季降水異常與大氣環流背景有密切的關系,東北地區夏季多雨年在對流層中、高層冷空氣比較活躍,高緯和極區主要由位勢高度的正距平所控制,貝加爾湖以北的地區長波脊較為活躍,在東北地區和蒙古地區有異常的長波槽發展,極渦位置偏北、偏東;而在東北地區夏季少雨年則容易出現與上述相反的異常環流形式。A transverse secondary circulation is produced by the coupling of high and low jets, while the sinking branch of the secondary circulation providing the dynamic conditions for the dry intrusion air. during the period of the heavy rain process, dry intrusion descends southward along the intense constant potential temperature lines, which promotes the lower cyclone. in addition, the pouring of upper - level dry air not only decreases ground temperature behind the front but also increases surface pressure and velocity
由於高、低空急流耦合,在高空急流中心左側產生的下沉運動和高空急流中心右側、低空急流左側產生的上升運動在鋒面上形成一次級環流,次級環流的下沉支運動為對流層高層干空氣和高位渦的下傳提供了動力條件;進一步研究發現,干侵入沿相當位溫密集帶向南向下伸展,引起對流層低層氣旋性渦度的發展;此外,高層乾冷空氣向下注入,導致地面溫度降低、氣壓升高、風速加大、低層輻合增強、上升速度加大,從而促進了新的對流運動,引起降水增強。When a volcano erupts, dust is blasted [ 3 ] high above the troposphere and may take weeks to be carried around the weather zone, so cannot be washed out of the air by rain
火山爆發時,塵埃被高高噴射入對流層以上的空間,需要幾個星期才飄浮移至氣象層,因而雨水無法將其從大氣中沖走。When a volcano erupts, dust is blasted [ 3 ] high above the troposphere and may take weeks to be carried around the weather zone, vmax swivel sweeper gceb20b ( ecvv gold supplier ) wooden hanger ( ecvv gold supplier ) wooden hanger ( ecvv gold supplier ) cannot be washed out of the air by rain
火山爆發時,塵埃被高高噴射入對流層以上的空間,需要幾個星期才飄浮移至氣象層,因而雨水無法將其從大氣中沖走。When a volcano erupts, wooden hanger ( ecvv gold supplier ) wooden hanger ( k130 - 6 ) ( ecvv gold supplier ) wooden hanger ( k130 - 3 ) ( ecvv gold supplier ) dust is blasted [ 3 ] high above the troposphere and may take weeks to be carried around the weather zone, so cannot be washed out of the air by rain
火山爆發時,塵埃被高高噴射入對流層以上的空間,需要幾個星期才飄浮移至氣象層,因而雨水無法將其從大氣中沖走。The interaction of the positive isobaric moist potential vorticity disturbance at low and upper level is a possible mechanism of the genesis and development of mesoscale vortex
發現高低空正的濕位渦擾動的共同作用是對流層中低層中尺度低渦生成的一種可能機制。分享友人