additive effects 中文意思是什麼
additive effects
解釋
疊加效應-
Radiation effects relevant to this formalism are additive.
和這套公式有關的輻射效應是可以相加的。 -
The effects of different current density on the alloying element content were discussed. based on the results, the optimal process condition was confirmed : pb ~ ( 2 + ) 80 - 90 g / l sn ~ ( 2 + ) 7 - 15 g / l ch _ 4so _ 3 ( dissociative ) 130 - 150 g / l composite additive 12 ml / l current density 2 - 6 a / dm ~ 2
採用hull槽實驗方法確定了甲磺酸體系電沉積pb - sn合金鍍層的電流密度范圍，並探討了不同沉積電流密度下pb 、 sn合金含量的變化規律。 -
Effects of additive lithium salts on aluminum electrolysis
鋰鹽在鋁電解中的作用 -
Combinations of allergens can result in additive effects, for instance. . a dog which reacts to a food allergy along with a dust mite allergy and maybe a ragweed allergy will show more severe symptoms than a dog allergic to only one
變態反應原的組合可能導致疊加性作用，例如. . .起反應對食物過敏與塵土小蜘蛛過敏和可能豬草過敏一起的狗將顯示更加嚴厲的癥狀比狗過敏到只一個。 -
Meanwhile, fundamental principles about electroless tin plating by reducing agent and disproportionation reaction were explained. function of every component in the bath was explained that complexing agent can effectively change the potential of copper and tin, and accelerate the beginning of replacement reaction favorably ; reducing agent can increase the rate of chemical reaction and has the effect of promoting reaction dynamics too ; antioxidant can effectively prevent sn2 + in the bath from being oxidated ; additive agent a can improve the stability of the bath ; additive agent b has such effects as refining and brightening for the tin deposits, and it enlarges the range of brightening section ; additive agent c used as leveling agent can not only make the depostis level off, but also improve the dispersive ability of the bath ; surface - active agent can solve bubble problem which gathered on the surface of the deposits, and improve the surface quality of the deposits and the bath stability
闡述了鍍液中各組分的作用：絡合劑能有效地改變銅、錫的電位，促使初期的置換反應順利進行；還原劑能加快化學反應速度，對反應動力學有積極的促進作用；抗氧化劑能有效地防止鍍液中sn ~ （ 2 + ）的氧化；添加劑a能提高鍍液的穩定性，添加劑b對鍍層能有細化和光亮作用，擴大了鍍層光亮區的范圍；添加劑c作為平滑劑，不僅能增強鍍層表面的平整性，而且能提高鍍液的分散能力；表面活性劑較好地解決了化學鍍過程中汽泡在鍍件表面聚集的問題，提高了鍍層的表面質量和鍍液的穩定性。 -
Combination of additive effects and interaction effects can account for over 50 % of genotypic variation in spikelet number per spike ( sns ) and spike number per 50cm row ( snr ), and over 40 % in fertile spikelet number per spike ( fsns ), 1000 grain weight ( kgw ) and ear length ( el ), over 30 % in plant height ( ph ), over 20 % in sterile spikelet number per spike ( ssns ) and less than 10 % in grain weight per 50cm row ( gwr ) and grain number per spike ( gns )
加性效應和互作效應聯合起來，可以解釋群體總小穗數和50cm行長穗數變異的50以上，結實小穗數、千粒重和穗長變異的40以上，株高的30以上，不孕小穗數的20以上，而只能解釋50cm行長粒重和穗粒數變異的10以下。 -
Twenty f1 combinations crossed among 5 varieties and strains different in fiber properties according to complete diallel crossing design were used to evaluate the heterosis and gene action of boll weight and lint percentage in high quality fiber property varieties in upland cotton in 1998 1999 for two year successively at nanjing. it was indicated that there existed small interactions with the environmental factors without maternal effects and the additive gene effect was in chief, attaining to 51. 2 % and 65. 4 % respectively for boll weight and lint percentage. the dominant effect was also in higher rate, 32. 6 % and 16. 8 % respectively. the population mean heterosis of boll weight and lint percentage over the mid - parental mean were relatively prominent 13. 3 % and 3. 5 % respectively in extreme significance. however, boll weight showed no significantly surpassing parental f1 heterosis over the better parent based on population mean ( 2. 0 % ) ; while the lint percentage expressed significant negative heterosis value ( - 2. 1 % ). the gene actions were in conformity with the heterosis expression. it was shown clearly that the f1 combinations crossed between parents with similar performances had relatively high dominant effects and significant positive f1 surpassing parental heterosis ( f1 heterosis over the better parent ) ; while no f1 combination crossed between the parents with prominent mutual difference surpassed the higher parent in yield components, which indicated that among those parents with less difference and close relationships, there still existed sufficient genetic variation or certain mechanism for creating variation and achieving greater advances in breeding. correlation analyses also indicated that there still existed severely undesirable negative correlation between yield and fiber properties as well as the difficulties for their simultaneous improvements
利用5個具有不同纖維品質性狀的品種（系）配製完全雙列雜交組合20個，通過親本和f1的2年隨機區組試驗發現產量性狀的鈴重和衣分與環境的互作效應小，不存在母體效應，並以加性遺傳效應為主，分別占表型方差的51 . 2 %和65 . 4 % ;顯性遺傳效應所佔的比率也較高，分別為32 . 6 %和16 . 8 % .鈴重和衣分的群體平均優勢較大，分別為13 . 3 %和3 . 5 % ，達到了極顯著;鈴重的超親優勢為2 . 0 % ，不顯著;衣分為顯著的負值（ - 2 . 1 % ） .遺傳分析與雜種優勢結果一致.具體表現在產量性狀上，親本相當配製的組合雜合顯性較高，其超親優勢正向顯著，而極值親本（差異較大）所配組合沒有超過高親的.這表明親本差異小、親源關系較近的親本中仍然存在足夠的遺傳變異或某種機制以創造變異使育種取得更大的進展.相關分析表明了仍然存在嚴重的品質與產量的負相關，遺傳改良的難度較大 -
The genetic correlations of six agronomic characters in some indica - japonica crosses were analyzed using mixed - linear model method. the results indicated that there existed correlations to a certain degree among the measured traits. the phenotypic correlations of plant height with filled grain or seed setting were significant. panicle length with total grains or filled grain, total grains with filled grain or seed setting, and filled grain with seed setting were the same. for panicle length with plant height or seed setting, total grains with filled, and for filled grain with seed setting, genetic correlations were also significant. further analysis, the result showed that genetic correlations between the measured traits were mainly due to domimant effects. in addition, additive correlations were significant for grain weight with panicle length or total grains or filled grain, and for total grains with filled grain
用混合線性模型方法對秈粳亞種間雜交組合農藝性狀的相關性進行了遺傳研究，結果表明：被測性狀之間大都存在一定程度的相關.其中，株高與實粒數、結實率，穗長與總粒數、實粒數，總粒數與實粒數和結實率，以及實粒數與結實率之間具有顯著的表型相關，總粒數與實粒數，實粒數與結實率，以及穗長與株高和結實率之間具有顯著的遺傳相關.進一步的分析表明，性狀之間的遺傳相關大多歸因於顯性效應，而粒重與穗長、總粒數和實粒數之間，以及總粒數與實粒數之間還具有極顯著的加性相關 -
The results oft - test indicated that few genetic main effects of qtls found were significant, among which additive by additive epistatic effects and additive effects were most significant for qtls controlling heading date, additive effects were most significant for qtls controlling kilo - grain weight
T測驗的結果表明，鑒別出的qtl中，遺傳主效應達到顯著的不多，其中抽穗期的qtl以加加上位性效應和加性效應最為顯著，千粒重以加性效應最為顯著。 -
The effects of mineral additive such as fly ash, slag, and dura fiber on concrete expansive property are studied, the results show that these mineral admixture reduce shrinkage in common concrete and also reduce expansive value in shrinkage - compensating concrete
本文討論了粉煤灰、礦渣、杜拉纖維對混凝土膨脹性能的影響，在補償收縮混凝土中，摻合料使其膨脹率減低，杜拉纖維可以提高混凝土的體積穩定性，顯著提高劈拉強度。 -
The tea waste powder with different sizes as an additive was used to urea - formaldehyde ( uf ) resin, and the effects of the tea waste powder sizes and amount on the free formaldehyde content of uf resin, the formaldehyde emission, and hood strength of uf resin hooded plywood were studied in this paper
摘要將不同顆粒度的茶葉廢料粉添加到脲醛樹脂膠中，研究了茶葉廢料的顆粒度、加入量等對脲醛樹脂膠黏劑的游離甲醛含量、黏接膠合板的甲醛釋放量及膠合強度的影響。 -
To explain the nature of food as a medium for chemical reactions and the effects of electrolytes, non - electrolytes, ph and dispersed phases on the structures and reactivities of food components ; to examine in detail the mechanisms of non - enzymic browning, food additive - food component reactions, and methods of control
介紹食物的化學反應、電解質與非電解質的效果、食物元素的酸堿值發散階段及組織與反應、非酵素褐化的結構、食品添加物成分與反應、與控制方法等。 -
Combining bronchodilators has been shown to be beneficial in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ( copd ). the additive effects of short - acting bronchodilators added to maintenance tiotropium therapy, however, are unknown
聯合支氣管擴張劑用藥治療慢性阻塞性肺疾病（ copd ）有益效果已知。然而，短效支氣管擴張劑增強噻托溴銨治療的累加效果還是未知。 -
Genetic models were constructed for qtl mapping by two - dimensional searching. corresponding analysis methods were also proposed, which could estimate additive effects, dominance effects, epistatic effects of additive by additive, additive by dominance, dominance by additive, dominance by dominance, and could predict their interaction effects with environments
構建了可以估汁加性效應、顯性效應、加加、加顯、顯加、顯顯上位性效應以及預測這些效應與環境互作效應的qtl定位兩維搜索遺傳模型，提出了相應的分析方法。 -
Monte carlo simulations were conducted to study the new approaches of qtl mapping, the results indicated that general least squares ( gls ) method, which was widely applied in mixed linear model, could unbiasedly estimate all genetic main effects, including additive effects, dominance effects and epistatic effects of additive by additive, additive by dominance, dominance by additive, dominance by dominance. the interaction effects between genetic main effects and environments could also be predicted unbiasedly by linear unbiased prediction ( lup ). the heterosis prediction based on qtl effects was also unbiased
對新提出的qtl分析方法進行了montecarlo模擬研究，結果表明，廣泛應用於混合線性模型的廣義最小二乘法（ gls ）能夠無偏估計加性效應，顯性效應以及加加、加顯、顯加、顯顯上位性效應等各項遺傳主效應；運用線性無偏預測法（ lup ）能夠無偏預測上述各項遺傳主效應與環境的互作效應；基於qtl效應的雜種優勢預測也是無偏的。 -
( 4 ) the results of qtl mapping indicated that the inheritance of yield traits was very complex, the explanation as follows : additive effects except for sterile spikelet number per spike ( ssns ), qtls of additive effects were tested for all other traits, with 10 qtls for 1000 grain weight ( kgw ). the large variance of the effect values and the contribution rate of qtls indicated that the effects are difference for different qtls
14 。 （ 4 ）通過對產量性狀qtls作圖，發現產量性狀的遺傳非常復雜，可以從4個方面說明：加性效應除不孕小穗數外，各性狀均檢測到了表現加性效應的qtls 。其中，在各環境聯合分析下，檢測到了10個千粒重qtls ，各qtls的加性效應值和對群體變異的貢獻率也存在很大差異，說明不同的qtls不是等效的。 -
The methods proposed by wang et al ( 1999 ) could analyze additive effects, additive by additive epistatic effects and their interaction with environments, but could not estimate dominance effects and epistatic effects related to dominance
Wang等（ 1999 ）的方法能夠分析加性效應、加加上位性效應及共與環境的互作效應，但無法估計顯性以及與顯性有關的上位性效應。 -
Interaction effects the values of and the contribution rates of interaction effects are larger than that of additive effects under the combined test and under the test of single environment
總體上，互作效應的效應值和貢獻率超過了加性效應的效應值和貢獻率，說明互作效應發揮著重要作用。 -
Using the test of single environmen, 38 qtls of additive effects distributing on 16 chromosomes were obtained. the range of contribution rate in different single qtl is 5. 08 - 19. 89 % ; 52 interaction effects distributing on 17 chromosomes were obtained. the range of contribution rate in different single interaction effect is 4. 51 - 57. 14 %, with contribution rate of 57. 14 % of interaction effect between locus 3d - 1 and locus 7b - 1 in environment 4
在不同環境分別進行分析下，檢測到9個性狀的38個次加性效應qtls ，分別位於16條染色體，單個qtls貢獻率變化范圍為5 . 08 19 . 89 ；檢測到9個性狀的52對次qtls互作效應，位於17條染色體，單個互作效應的貢獻率變化范圍為2李斯深：小麥產量性狀qth的分子標記定位4 -
Qtl mapping for the 9 yield traits was carried out using qtlmapper version 1. 0. the main results are as follows : using the combined test of the four environments, 39 qtls of additive effects distributing on 14 chromosomes were detected. the range of general contribution rate of additive effect qtls for different traits is 1. 83 ~ 27. 24 %, and the range of contribution rate of different single qtl is 1. 06 - 8. 93 %
利用qtlmapperversion1 . 0作圖軟體進行了產量性狀的qtls作圖，主要結果如下：在各環境聯合分析下，共檢測到9個性狀的39個加性效應qtls ，涉及14條染色體，各個性狀的總貢獻率變化范圍為1 . 83 27 . 24 ，單個qtl貢獻率變化范圍為1 . 06 8 . 93 ；共檢測到9個性狀的41對qtls互作位點，涉及用於分析的全部18條染色體，各個性狀的總貢獻率變化范圍為1 . 26 36 . 15 ，單今互作效應的貢獻率變化范圍為1 . 20 13 . 30 。
分享友人