avermectins 中文意思是什麼
avermectins
解釋
阿維菌素-
In addition to avermectins, s. avermitilis produces oligomycin, a strongly toxic compound. gene deletion vector pxl05 was used to disrupt oligomycin polyketide synthase ( pks ) encoding genes ( olma ) in streptomyces avermitilis cz8 - 73, the producer of anthelmintic avermectins b and the cell growth inhibitor oligomycin. olma gene cluster in the chromosome was displaced by deletion allele on the plasmid via double crossover
本研究以產阿維菌素b和寡黴素的阿維鏈黴菌cz8 - 73為出發菌株，構建了基因缺失載體pxl05 ，並將其轉入cz8 - 73中，通過缺失載體和染色體之間的同源雙交換，對染色體上長達90kb的寡黴素聚酮合酶（ pks ）基因簇（ olma ）進行了缺失。 -
Avermectins are a series of 16 - membered macrocyclic lactones produced by streptomyces avermitilis with potent anthelmintic and insecticidal activity. they are the most effective agricultural pesticides and antiparasitic agents, and used widely in medical, veterinary and agricultural fields
阿維鏈黴菌（ streptomycesavermitilis ）產生的阿維菌素（ avermectins ）是一組高效、低毒、廣譜的殺蟲抗生素，在醫藥、農業和畜牧業生產中具有良好的應用價值和廣闊的市場前景。 -
Content : avermectins are a class of drugs which have been found wide usage against a board spectrum of nematodes and arthropods, many of which are important endoparasites and ectoparasites of animals. avermectin bi is a common agriculture pesticide produced by the actinomycete streptomyces avermitilis and registered for worldwide use
正文：阿維菌素類藥物（ avermectins ， avms ）屬大環內酯類抗生素，由於其優異的驅蟲活性和較高的安全性，被視為目前最為優良、應用最廣泛的獸用驅蟲藥。 -
Effect of avec gene deletion on avermectins production in streptomyces avermitilis
基因缺失對產素調控的影響 -
Shaking flask experiments and hplc analyses showed that the four mutants no longer produced the toxic oligomycin, and only made four components of avermectins b, which were avermectin b1a, b1b, b2a, b2b. the yields of avermectins b in these mutants were separately equal to those in cz8 - 73. this revealed that olma genes deletion did n ' t affect the biosynthesis of avermectins
將4株經southern雜交驗證正確的基因缺失突變株進行搖瓶發酵和hplc檢測，發現4個突變株均不再產生寡黴素而僅產阿維菌素b組分，阿維菌素的總產量和b1的產量與出發菌株相當，說明寡黴素pks基因簇的缺失並不影響阿維菌素的生物合成。 -
The avermetins are a group of closely related macrocylic lactones with exceedingly high activity against helminths and anthropods. this paper review the biosyntheticpathway of the avermectins and the organization of the biosynthetic gene cluster which many groups have analysed and cloned
阿維菌素為一種典型的次級代謝產物，生物合成途徑復雜，現在基本上對每一步合成途徑的基因及其所編碼的酶都有所了解。 -
It is effective in controlling different phytophagous pests of field crop, ornamentals, vegetables, fruits and in controlling fire ants. to assess the potential impact of avermectins on the environment, the bioaccumulation potential of avermectin b1a, its major component, in sturgeon ( a. schrenckif ) was examined
本文對阿維菌素（ avermectin ， avm ）環境毒理的一部分內容進行試驗研究，主體試驗部分為研究進入到淡水中的阿維菌素在鱘魚體內的生物富集和生物消除規律。 -
An extensive program of chemical modificaton can also be carried out to discover more active avermectins
這種有白點的菌落形態與灰色菌落類似，可能為放線菌中形成的異核體。 -
The total amount of avermectins b were only about 0. 5 ~ 2 % of those produced by the parental strain olm73 - 12. this study suggests that t
在281個突變株中，還篩選到了2個突變株，其發酵產物幾乎全部為有效組分阿維菌素b1 ， b2組分僅佔5 。 -
According to the cloned gene cluster, people can use genetical technology to obtain the genetical strains which can produce more potent and non - toxical avermectins and its derivatives
這使得人們可利用基因工程技術來構建工程菌，增加有效組分的產出和生產新型的阿維菌素。 -
Shaking flask experiments and hplc analyses showed that 99 isolates still produced four components of avermectins b, in which the yields of avermectins b in 82 isolates were only about 0. 1 ~ 2 % of those produced by the parental strain olm73 - 12. 2 of 82 isolates were confirmed to be the correct gene replacement mutants by pcr and sequence analysis. the mutant only producing avermectins bl was not detected
搖瓶發酵和hplc分析結果表明，有99個突變株仍然產阿維菌素b的4個組分，其中82株的發酵單位很低，僅為出發菌株olm73 - 12的0 . 1 2 ，從中挑取2株經pcr擴增和測序驗證，均發生了正確的基因取代；沒有檢測到僅產b1的突變株，這表明阿維菌素b2組分的產生並不是因為阿維菌素pks上dh2的部分活性所造成。 -
In this study, the avermectin - producing strain streptomyces avermitilis was studied and the avermectin biosynthesis gene cluster in the genomic dna of streptomyces avermitilis s - 2 was altered by the method of gene engineering. insertion inactivation of aved gene in the cluster by introducing apramycin resistance gene into aved gene resulted in the disappearance of " a " components of avermectins. when avec gene was inactivated by the same way, four " 1 " components were lost and only " 2 " components, the potential precursor of ivermectin, were accumulated
將該基因簇中的aved基因通過插入外源的安普黴素抗性基因片段使其失活，導致發酵產物中4個a組分（不需要的組分）的消失；將基因簇中的avec基因通過同樣手段，使其失活，導致發酵產物中4個「 1 」組分的消失，而主要積累「 2 」組分（進一步改造可成為伊維菌素的前體b _ 2組分） 。 -
Ivermectins ( a mixture containing more than 80 % of 22, 23 - dihydroavermectin bla and less than 20 % of 22, 23 - dihydroavermectin b1b ), which have the same effective antiparasitic activities and the lower level of toxic side - effects than avermectins, are currently synthesized by chemically reducing the double bond between c22 and c23 of avermectins b1
阿維菌素b1在c - 22 ， 23位的化學加氫還原產物稱為伊維菌素（ ivermectins ） ，具有與阿維菌素相同的殺蟲活性，但毒性更低，更安全。目前國內外報道的伊維菌素生產均是用化學還原法，生產成本很高。 -
In this study, we attempted to construct an engineering strain producing only avermectin bl through the replacement of dna encoding dh2 - kr2 domains of the avermectin pks ( avedh2 - kr2 ) with dna encoding dh2 - kr2 domains from the pikromycin pks in s. avermitilis olm73 - 12, producing only avermectins b and no oligomycin. gene replacement vector pxl201 ( pkc1139 : : 5 ' flank + pia : dh2 - kr2 + 3 ' flank ) was used to transform 5. avermitilis olm73 - 12 protoplasts
我們以不產寡黴素而僅產阿維菌素b的工程菌olm73 - 12為出發菌株，用委內瑞拉鏈黴菌（ streptomycesvenezuelae ）中編碼pikromycinpks模塊2上完全活性的dh和酮基還原酶（ kr ）的dna區域對olm73 - 12染色體上編碼阿維菌素pks模塊2中dh和kr的區域進行取代，試圖構建僅產b1組分的基因工程菌。 -
The deletion mutants were proved to be genetically stable, and thus might be promising strains in industrial production of avermectins b. although s. avermitilis produces eight related components of avermectins, only two components, bla and bib, are available for the medical, veterinary and agricultural fields
該缺失突變是在染色體上通過同源雙交換完成的，不會發生進一步的重組，因此突變株性狀穩定，在工業生產上具有應用價值。阿維菌素的天然發酵產物共有八個組分，其中只有b1組分的殺蟲活性最高，被作為殺蟲劑在農業和畜牧業中使用。
分享友人