basic wavelet 中文意思是什麼

Based on consider hereinbefore, this dissertation discusses several aspects on the problem of the sustainable and optimum exploitation of groundwater resources as follows : ( 1 ) reviewed entirely the origin and evolvement of the concept " sustainable development ", stated and commented the study status in queue on " sustainable development " around national and international range, thorough discussed the science connotation about the concept " sustainable development " ; ( 2 ) looked back and commented across - the aboard some furthest basic concept and proposition related to groundwater resources, put forward self opinions on a few existent mistake points of view and chaos understandings ; ( 3 ) expatiated entirely on the content and meaning of the theory of changeable groundwater resources system, contrast with the traditional methods of groundwater resources calculation and evaluation, combined example to show the application of this theory ; ( 4 ) thorough analyzed the difficult and complexity to forecast the groundwater resources, fully stated the traditional methods of groundwater resources forecasting, pointed out the characteristic and applying condition of these forecasting method, introduced the main ideas and methods of wavelet analysis developed recently, and the matlab software be known as the fifths era computer language, and its accessory wavelet analysis toolbox, applied these methods and tools to analyze the groundwater dynamic curve, adopted the b - j method and morte - carlo method, combined with the theory of changeable groundwater resources system, discussed the new view on the forecast of groundwater resources ; ( 5 ) synthetically analyzed the characteristics and limitations of the present all kind of groundwater manage model, combined mathematical programming mathematical statistics random process and the theory of variation system of groundwater resources on the unite optimum attempter of surface water and groundwater, emphasized how to make the model more nicety, more simple, more practicality ; ( 6 ) analyzed the inside condition and outside condition to assure the sustainable and optimum exploi tation of groundwater resources, the inside conditions are the follows : correct resources idea, scientific methods of resources calculation and evaluation, credible forecast methods of resources, exercisable measures of resources management, the outside conditions are the follows : the development idea of high layer, the transform of manage system, the matched policy and rule of law, the adjusted of economy lever, the improve of cultural diathesis, the boosting up of water - saving consciousness and detail measures, the control of population rising, the prevention and cure of water pollute, the renew and rebuild of ecology ; ( 7 ) scan the sustainable and optimum exploitation of groundwater resources from the high level of metagalaxy, earth system science, and philosophy ; lint out the more directions on groundwater resources

基於以上考慮，論文主要從以下幾方面對地下水資源可持續開發問題進行了比較深入的探討：全面回顧了「可持續發展」概念的由來與演變，對國內外「可持續發展」的研究現狀進行了述評，並對「可持續發展」概念的科學內涵進行了深入探討；對涉及地下水資源的一些最基本的概念和命題進行了全面的回顧和評述，對目前仍然存在的一些錯誤觀點和混亂認識提出了自己的見解；全面闡述了地下水資源變值系統理論的內容和意義，並與傳統的地下水資源計算評價方法進行了對比分析，結合實例具體說明了方法的應用；深入分析了地下水資源預測預報工作的極端重要性和復雜性，對傳統的地下水資源動態預測方法進行了全面的評述，指出了各類預測預報方法的特點及適用條件，對最近二十多年剛發展起來的小波分析技術的主要思想和方法及其應用范圍，以及號稱第五代計算機語言的matlab軟體和附帶的小波分析工具箱進行了介紹，並應用於地下水動態過程線的分析，採用時間序列中的b ? j法，蒙特卡羅方法，與地下水資源變值系統理論相結合，探討了地下水動態資料分析和地下水資源預測預報的新思路；綜合分析了現今各類地下水管理模型的特點及缺陷，將數學規劃、數理統計、隨機過程等與地下水變值系統理論相結合進行地表水地下水或多水源的聯合優化調度，使模型更準確、更實用；對保證地下水資源可持續開發的內部條件和外部條件進行了分析，內部河海人學博卜學位論文前言、摘要、目錄條件主要是正確的資源觀，科學的資源計算與評價方法，可靠的資源預測預報技術，可操作的資源管理措施，外部條件主要是高層發展思路、管理體制的變革、配套的政策法規、經濟杠桿的調節、人文素質的提高、節水意識的增強及具體節水措施、人口增長的控制、水體污染的防治、生態的恢復和重建等;從宇宙科學、地球系統科學及哲學的高度審視地下水資源的可持續開發;指出了地下水資源可持續開發的進一步研究方向。

Fast algorithms of both discrete and orthonormal wavelet and wavelet packet coefficient are diagrammatized to be introduced. daubechies wavelet is applied to help to discuss the application and test on signal filtering and noise reduction with the principle and threshold implementation ; the basic principle to pickup the fault characteristics is introduced mainly about the relations between the maximum module and signal saltation point and how to characterize the saltation point with lipschitz exponent

展示了離散正交小波變換的mallat快速演算法和小波包系數分解的快速演算法；重點應用daubeches小波探討了小波變換在信號濾波去噪中的應用和實驗，闡述了其基本原理和通過閾值化處理實現濾波的具體方法；探討了用小波變換進行故障特徵提取的原理，說明了小波變換模極大值和信號突變點之間的關系以及怎樣用李氏指數來表徵突變點的性質。

" l ' lle brief introduction of underwater acoustic channel and the cl1art of image transmission syste111, innovation of ti1is paper are given in the first chapter. basic technology and hardware using in this project are introduced in the seco11d chaptel transform methods, especially the wavelet transformation are introdtlced il1 the tl1ird cllapter. ii11age ' s coding methods are introduced in cl1apter four, witll tilem ti1e zero tree method is the el11pl1ases

第一章給出對水聲通道特性簡介以及圖像信息傳輸的系統框圖、本研究創新之處；第二章介紹圖像處理的基本技術以及本研究的硬體環境；第三章介紹圖像數據的變換方法，著重介紹了小波變換涉及到的知識；第四章介紹圖像編碼，重點介紹了零樹法編解碼；第五章介紹本研究的軟體、硬體設計、對零樹法的具體改變。

According to the fact that the basic features of apalmprint, including principal lines, wrinkles and ridges, havedifferent resolutions, in this paper we analyze palmprints using amulti - resolution method and define a novel palmprint feature, whichcalled wavelet energy feature, based on the wavelet transform. wef can reflect the wavelet energy distribution of the principal lines, wrinkles and ridges in different directions at different resolutions scales, thus it can efficiently characterize palmprints. this paperalso analyses the discriminabilities of each level wef and, according to these discriminabilities, chooses a suitable weight for each levelto compute the weighted city block distance for recognition. theexperimental results show that the order of the discriminabilities ofeach level wef, from strong to weak, is the 4th, 3rd, 5th, 2nd and 1stlevel

作為對現有人體生物特徵識別技術的重要補充，掌紋識別有著其獨特的優點：掌紋比指紋含有更多的可區分信息掌紋採集設備的價格比虹膜採集設備的價格要低廉得多掌紋特徵比簽名特徵更為穩定掌紋識別可獲得比人臉識別更高的識別精度掌紋含有獨特的線特徵包括主線和皺褶，這些線特徵具有很強的區分能力，並可以在低解析度圖像中提取出來可以將手掌上的各種特徵融合在一起建立一個高精度的生物識別系統等。

Its basic thought is that using amass of simple classifier which has common classified ability and through thecertain method ， at last ， constitutes a very strong classifier which has strongclassified ability carries on many times with this strong classifier to the goalpictures ， finally confirmed the pictures whether includes the human face andits the general position this algorithm uses a characteristic which called haar characteristic thischaracteristic is one kind of simple rectangular characteristic ， because it issimilar with the haar wavelet ， so called haar characteristic this kind ofcharacteristic is composed of two or many rectangles that are congruent andneighboring there are white and black kinds of rectangles in the characteristictemplate, and defines this characteristic template characteristic value as thewhite rectangle this characteristic value is that the difference between white

本文主要研究基於haar特徵的adaboost演算法。由於以前提出的特徵中包含的人臉基本特徵比較少，導致檢測時間過長。本文根據人臉基本特徵的分佈提出一種新的特徵，新特徵覆蓋了人的眼睛，鼻子和嘴，它由haar特徵中的一些簡單特徵組合而成，形狀類似卷積中用到的3階矩陣，這種新特徵檢測的結果是可以檢測到人臉，時間上得到優化。

The main job of this research is : ( 1 ) analyze the operation situation of power system during faults ; pay attention to the traveling wave on the three - phase transmission line ; study the equation of voltage on three - phase transmission line with impedance capacitance coupling between phases ; contact the voltage on any point with the fault voltage, study the singularity of the voltage signal in fault point, and make it to be the base of the new fault detection method ; ( 2 ) apply the singularity detection theory based on wavelet analysis to the power system faults detection, give a complementary criterion to current fault detection criterion, study how to select the basic wavelet, how to filter noise, how to detect the singular point or fault point, and finally give a total solution. the simulations prove it to be a quick, correct and effective fault detection method

本文的主要工作有： （ 1 ）分析電力系統在發生故障時的運行狀態，尤其對三相傳輸線上的故障行波進行了分析和研究，推導了考慮相間耦合的三相傳輸線電壓方程，並將傳輸線上任一點的電壓與故障點電壓建立起聯系，得出了傳輸線上電壓信號在故障點處的奇異性，並以此作為構造新的故障檢測演算法的理論基礎； （ 2 ）將基於小波變換的信號奇異性檢測理論運用於電力系統故障檢測中，針對目前相關研究的不足，提出了電力系統故障檢測判據的補充判據，通過對基本小波的選擇、除噪措施、信號奇異點也即故障點的檢測方法所作的分析，給出了一個可行的解決方案；模擬研究表明：這是一個快速、準確、有效的故障檢測演算法。

Taking dc motor test as an example, a creative idea of applications of some advanced signal processing tools, such as time - frequency analysis, wavelet, and instantaneous frequency ( if ) evaluation, in motor testing field is presented. the paper systematically summarizes basic theories of time - frequency analysis and wavelet transform based on which an in - depth research of effective if evaluation based on wavelet ridge and wavelet curve is carried out. in the end a fast t - n characteristic testing system with neither torque nor speed sensor is successfully developed

本論文主要關注小波分析在電機性能自動測試系統中的應用，針對傳統電機測試系統以及信號處理技術在電機測試領域中應用的不足，以直流電機為例，提出了將時頻分析、小波包變換以及基於小波脊的瞬時頻率提取方法應用到電機測試領域的新思路；較系統地總結了時頻分析和小波變換的基本理論，深入探討了基於小波脊線和小波曲線的瞬時頻率提取，並成功開發了基於正交小波包分析和基於小波脊線的瞬時頻率提取的無轉矩轉速傳感器的直流電機快速測試系統。

The paper also studies fast arithmetic and programming of discrete time quadrature wt and wpt and takes a deep look into their additional applications in motor testing, including denoising, filtering and so on. starting from basic theory of time - frequency analysis and wavelet analysis of asymptotic signals, this paper investigates several if law extraction methods and presents an especially effective one using wavelet ridge

論文從時頻分析的基本理論出發，在漸進信號小波分析的基礎上，研究了漸進信號小波變換的漸進估計方法，提出了利用小波脊線來提取信號頻率隨時間連續變化規律（即瞬時頻率）的方法。

For the purpose of wavelet ' s basic concept and wavelet transform fundamental principle, four wavelets : littlewood - paley wavelet, meyer wavelet, harmonic wavelet and odd exponent wavelet are used to analyze structural response under earthquake ; experimental investigation has been carried out for two - stories frame model ; this paper also analyzes earthquake ground motion energy and structural energy response based on wavelet ; this paper proposes dynamic reliability analysis for structure seismic response based on wavelet

針對小波的基本概念、小波變換的基本原理，本文提出了用四種小波： littlewood ? paley小波， meyer小波，諧波小波，單邊指數小波來進行結構地震反應分析、並對二層框架模型進行振動臺試驗研究、也進行了在小波基下的地震地面運動能量分析和結構地震能量反應、以及結構地震反應在小波基下的動力可靠性分析。

Basic principle of embedded zerotree wavelet compression algorithm

嵌入式小波零樹壓縮演算法的基本原理

In this thesis, we subsequently introduce the basic concepts of wavelet transform, especially the pyramidal algorithm and its fast realization - lifting scheme ; this scheme can decrease the time and space complexity of wavelet transform greatly. wavelet transform, the most perfect mathematical tool of signal processing theory, makes great success in the field of data compression. ezw and spiht are the milestones of wavelet image coding on the noiseless channels, and jpeg2000 adopts the ebcot algorithm

嵌入式零樹小波編碼（ embeddedzerotreewavelets ）和多級樹集合分裂演算法（ setpartitioninginhierarchicaltrees ）都是迄今為止最為優秀的理想通道情形下的小波編碼方案：而jpeg2000靜態圖像壓縮國際標準採用的是嵌入式碼流優化截斷塊式編碼演算法（ embeddedblockcodingwithoptimizedtruncationoftheembeddedbit - streams ） 。

( 2 ) this paper presents some basic theory about wavelet analysis, and proposes a fast wavelet ( packet ) algorithm based on sliding window. by storing the part of wavelet packet coefficients in memory in advance, we avoid repeating calculation and gain a fast wavelet algorithm at the cost of increasing some storage space

（ 2 ）本文介紹了小波分析的一些基本理論，提出了一種基於滑動時窗的小波（包）快速演算法，通過預先存儲一部分小波（包）系數，避免重復計算過程，可以用較小的存儲空間為代價，獲得了計算效率很高的小波（包）變換快速演算法。

Based on the basic principle of wavelet analysis, multi - resolution analysis of signal in atomic clock is made. the coefficients of wavelet transform for synthesis atomic time, which are weighed and averaged at different wavelet scales, are obtained. then according to reconstruction theorem, multi - resolution synthesis time scale can be reconstructed. since the signal of atomic clock has been analysed by multi - resolution, we can use wavelet variance at different scales to weight and average the coefficients. thus either the difference in stability of different clock or the varying characteristic of the same clock at the different scale are all considered. finaly, this method is checked by the measured data from national timing serve center of shaanxi astronomy observatory. it confirmed that this technique, which is simple and practicable, is a new method of multi - resolution. from this method, the common characteristic of different clocks can be extracted. the stability of multi - resolution synthesis atomic time scale is obviously superior to that of other methods

本文根據小波分析的基本原理，對原子鐘信號進行多解析度分解，將分解后的小波變換系數進行加權平均，得到不同小波尺度綜合原子時的加權平均小波變換系數，然後由小波變換的重構條件，反演綜合時間尺度.由於對原子鐘信號進行了小波分解，利用不同尺度的小波變換系數的小波方差進行加權平均，這樣既考慮不同原子鐘在穩定性方面的差異，又顧及同一臺原子鐘在不同小波尺度的變化特性.最後根據陜西天文臺國家授時中心的實測數據對這種方法進行了檢驗.表明這是一種全新的多解析度綜合方法，這種方法比較簡單而切實可行，它能提取各個原子鐘的共同特性，多解析度綜合時間尺度的平穩性明顯優于其他方法

One is to use fourier transformation to convert the source signal from time domain to frequency domain and to discard high frequency harmonious components upwards of 19 ( gb / t14953 - 93 d5. 3 demanding ), then to have static huffman coding to the quantized char array which is composed of reserved direct current component and basic wave and each high frequency " s amplitudes and angles. the other is to use discrete wavelet transformation to convert the source signal from time domain to frequency domain and to set the high frequency coefficients that its absolute value is smaller than the given threshold to zero, then to have dynamic huffman coding to the quantized char array which is composed of multiple, wavelet ' s level, datum length, low frequency coefficients and reserved high frequency coefficients. mass simulinks and analyses under the two circumstances have done to show that data compression ratio is small and the relative error is also small and within the permission of engineering and the compression problem can be solved in theory of measured datum of power system

第一種情況的壓縮方法為：採用傳統的傅立葉變換把原始信號從時間域變換到頻率域，舍棄20次及其以上的高次諧波成分（保證了gb / t14953 ? 93d5 . 3要求） ，然後對保留的直流分量、基波和各次諧波的幅值和相角數據量化后和量化時分別乘以的倍數系數構成一個數組，以字元形式保存，採用靜態huffman編碼對變換數據進行壓縮；採用離散小波變換把原始信號從時間域變換到頻率域，然後對分解得到的高頻系數進行閾值量化處理，對乘以的倍數系數、小波變換的階數、小波變換后的低頻、各級高頻以及原始數據長度、量化后的低頻系數以及保留的高頻系數大小、位置構成一個數組，以字元形式保存，採用動態huffman編碼對這個文件進行壓縮。

First, the thesis introduces the basic theory and arithmetic of wavelet transform. secondly, based on the selection of diverse matrix function of wavelet, aiming at the given seismic data, we extract some character parameters of wavelet. following that, we carry on the analysis and comparison of the wavelet parameters in order to select the useful parameters

論文首先介紹了小波變換的基本理論和演算法；其次，在選擇不同的小波母函數的基礎上，對給定的地震道數據進行小波特徵參數的提取；接著進行小波參數值的分析、比較，以優選油氣識別之用的小波特徵參數；然後進行小波特徵參數的綜合；最後，根據已知井位的油氣屬性，確定歸類的門檻值。

Applied in license plate segmentation problem, a new segmentation method of automobile license plate based on wavelet transform and neural network is pointed out [ 71 ]. 2 ) phase of image feature extraction : combined with the feature extraction of structural and statistical method, a method of image character feature extraction based on wavelet and moments analysis is presented [ 74j. 3 ) phase of image classificaton [ 73 ] : after investigation on intelligence recognition technology, the paper puts forward basic structure of recognition machine ' s model, and makes a primary research of basic structure and design method, then makes research of the multi - character method

並應用於車牌分割問題，提出基於小波與神經元模式識別的車牌圖像分割方法； 2 ）特徵提取階段：將結構特徵提取方法和統計特徵提取方法的緊密有機結合，提出一種基於小波和矩的車牌圖像字元特徵向量提取方法； 3 ）分類識別階段：對智能識別技術進行研究，提出智能識別機的模型結構，對識別機的基本層次結構和設計方法進行初探；並針對多特徵方法進行一定的研究；本文提出的基於模式識別的圖像處理方法對其他領域的圖像處理具有一定的參考價值。

This thesis makes a fairly in - depth study on the basic techniques about the current svc algorithms by reading a lot of relevant references, including the svc system schemes and the techniques of various scalabilities. based on these knowledge, motion compensated temporal filtering ( mctf ) which is an effective method to eliminate temporal redundancy is researched, and mctf based on db2 wavelet is presented by studying the method of mctf using haar wavelet. the simulation proves that the low - pass frame is better than the haar one, it means that the temporal scalability is improved

在此基礎上，本文研究了在時間可伸縮性中採用的一種有效方法:運動補償時域濾波（ mctf ）技術，並借鑒haar小波進行運動補償時域的方法，研究並實現了基於db2小波的運動補償時域濾波方法，模擬結果表明該方法比基於haar小波的方法得到了更高質量的低通幀，這也意味著在時間可伸縮性的處理上有了進一步的改善。

But, though considerable process has been made in the last ten years, digital watermarking is still in its infancy, and much interesting work remains to be done this thesis addresses some problems in the gray - scale image digital watermarking that are summarized below : 1 ) whereas the basic theory of digital watermarking is still very poor, a digital watermarking mathematic model based on imperceptibility and robustness is presented by analysising the characteristic of digital watermarking ; 2 ) based on the model constructed above, by defining the measures of capacity and robustness of digital watermarking, an objective method for evaluating the digital watermarking is introduced and used to analysis some algorithms ; 3 ) whereas geometric distortion always influences the restoration of watermark, we advocate to enhance the robustness against geometric distortion by restoring the image which has been distorted by geometric transformation, and a method is designed for estimating the parameters of geometric transformation ; 4 ) based on the conclusion discussed above, and combined with the masking effects of hvs, a novel public meaningful gray - scale image digital watermarking is designed by analysising the characteristics of image gray - scale interpolation and haar wavelet transformation. the experimental results show that the method is indeed powerful ; 5 ) whereas many image digital watermarking schemes, which embed watermark by modifying the values of pixels in spatial domain and transformed domain, are confronted with the conflict between the imperceptibility and robustness, we advocated to use some stable digital characteristics of host image as watermark and a algorithm based on hermite matrix is designed

本文重點對灰度圖象數字水印技術進行研究，主要工作如下： 1 ）鑒于目前數字水印的理論研究比較薄弱的現狀，本文通過分析數字水印的特點，建立了一個數字水印的數學模型，為進一步研究數字水印打下了基礎； 2 ）根據以上建立的模型，通過引入容量和穩健度的概念為數字水印提供了一個客觀評價方法，並對一些數字水印演算法進行了分析； 3 ）為增強數字水印抵抗幾何攻擊的能力，研究了受幾何攻擊的圖象的復原問題，並給出了一個計算圖象幾何變換參數的方法； 4 ）通過分析圖象灰度插值演算法和haar小波變換的特點，結合hvs的掩蔽效應，設計了一個公開的有意義數字水印演算法，實驗結果表明本演算法具有較強的穩健性； 5 ）目前許多水印演算法都是通過在空域或頻域修改象素值的方法嵌入水印的，這種方法面臨著透明性和穩健性的矛盾，為解決這個矛盾，本文提出以圖象的某些穩定的數字特徵為水印的觀點，並結合hermite矩陣的特點設計了相應的水印演算法，實驗結果表明該演算法具有較好的穩健性。

In this article, pattern recognition is used as theory foundation and image process technology as basic technology. combining with the new theory tools ( wavelet analysis and neural network ), this paper presents effective resolve methods to three parts of image recognition ( image segmentation, image feature extraction and image classificaton ) thought systemic analysis of it

文中以模式識別為基本理論平臺，以圖像處理技術為基本手段，結合新興領域的理論工具（小波分析，神經網路等） ，分別對圖像分割，圖像特徵提取，圖像分類識別三個問題作了系統研究，並提出了有效的解決方法。

The results show their efficiency and validity. chapter 2 first reviews the basic theory concerned with image wavelet transformation, which includes the wavelet multi - resolution analysis theory, the discrete wavelet transformation and the two dimension discrete wavelet transformation ( mallat algorithm ), and analyzes the space and frequency distributing characteristics of image wavelet coefficients

第二章首先詳細介紹了圖像小波分析的基本理論，其中包括從小波多解析度分析理論開始到離散小波變換再到圖像的二維離散小波變換即malat演算法，並著重分析了圖像小波變換系數的空間和頻率分佈特點。