brittle metals 中文意思是什麼
brittle metals
解釋
脆金屬-
It is a dozen metals in one ; now almost diamond - hard - - and again almost as soft as copper ; here brittle as glass ? there malleable1o as silver ; now welding quite readily - - again, very difficult to weld ; melting rather easily - - at other times difficult to diffuse ; usually very magnetic - - and : again almost non - magnetic ; an excellent conductor of heat and electricity - - and at times stubbornly resistant to both
鐵將十多種金屬特性合而為一：時而幾乎堅硬如金剛石，時而又柔軟如銅；此處易碎如玻璃，彼處又可展延如銀；時而很容易焊接，時而又很難焊合；有時相當易熔，有時又極難擴散；通常情況下富有磁性，但有時又幾乎磁性全無；本是熱和電的優良導體，但有時卻頑強地抗拒二者。 -
However the study of metal - oxide hetero - interface is relatively less because the properties of metals and oxides usually differ extremely from each other. contrary to metals, the oxides are usually very brittle, elastically stiffer, insulating and exhibit less thermal expansion and their crystal lattice constants are different from metals. moreover, the preparation of specimen of metal - oxide interface is very difficult, the observation of searching a suitable interface under the electron microscope is also a tedious work
然而，對金屬-氧化物界面結構的研究卻相對少一些，這主要是由於金屬與氧化物之間的性質相差非常大，與金屬相反，氧化物通常很脆、絕熱、熱膨脹系數小，晶格常數也不同於金屬，有的甚至相差很大，而且，制備金屬-氧化物界面比較困難，在電子顯微鏡下全面地觀察一個合適的界面也是一項令人乏味的工作。 -
In the present thesis, researches on the micro - mechanisms and the macro - mechanical models of fcp in high ductility -, low ductility - and brittle materials, including metals, ceramics and polymers, are briefly summarized. furthermore, systematic investigation is made on the general fcp pattern, the fcp micro - mechanisms, the mechanical models and the intrinsic - and extrinsic factors affecting fcp by using the approach combining the analysis and the experiments. finally, an almost perfect formula for fcp is developed
本文系統地分析和總結了中外文獻對高塑性材料、低塑性材料和脆性材料，包括金屬材料、高分子材料和陶瓷材料的疲勞裂紋擴展微觀機制和宏觀力學模型的研究結果，進而採用理論分析與實驗研究相結合的方法，從微觀和宏觀兩個方面對疲勞裂紋擴展的一般規律、影響因素、微觀機制、力學條件和宏觀規律及其定量理論進行了深入的研究，給出了為實驗結果所驗證的接近完善的疲勞裂紋擴展表達式。
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