capital constraint 中文意思是什麼

capital constraint 解釋
資金掣肘
  • capital : adj 1 首位的，最重要的，主要的，基本的，根本的。2 〈口語〉優秀的，上好的，第一流的。3 大寫（字母...
  • constraint : n. 1. 強迫，拘束。2. 約束，壓抑，拘泥。3. 強制力。4. 緊張感[狀態]。
  1. Because of non - systemic information, we should escape the moral risk by proper contract, they design many programs of the bank - firm restitution ; the role that the bank exercised on the firm is completed by debt constraint, and the bank influences the government construction of the firm by debt rights. the bank directly gives capital support to firms, and analyses the firms " ability of returning debt, and the bonding value, and make the load - decision

    主要研究在信息不對稱情況下，如何通過完善契約來防範道德風險；銀企債務重組的設計；銀行對企業治理的作用的實現方案，即通過債權影響公司的治理結構，直接插手評價企業的經營狀況、投資決策、償債能力，以及分析企業的抵押價值並以之作為放貸決策的前提。
  2. The capital market not only offers the enterprises a lieu for financing, but also promotes the optimization of the corporate capital structure by the particular pricing mechanism and motivation - constraint mechanism

    資本市場在為企業融資提供場所的同時，通過其特有的價格形成機制和對企業融資行為的激勵約束機制促進了企業資本結構的優化。
  3. To investigate the influencing law of technical elements in enterprise production, based on certain assumptions, a three - element ( technology, labor and capital ) output function is defined ; through conceiving and solving an optimization model under the condition of invariable total production cost and maximum output, this paper deduces the optimal proportioning relationship between optimum technical growth rate and conventional production factors - labor and capital, further constructs the optimization model of technical growth rate under total production cost constraint, and design a genetic algorithms program to solve such model

    摘要為了考察企業生產中技術要素的作用、規律，在一定的假設條件下，對其技術要素下了定義，認為其產出函數包括技術、勞動及資本要素；通過構建與求解生產總成本，構建最大條件下的優化模型，推導出技術最優增長率與傳統生產要素勞動與資本的優化配比關系，進一步構造了企業在生產總成本約束下的技術增長率優化模型，並設計了遺傳演算法程序對模型進行求解。
  4. The lack of capital is major constraint on activities in the informal sector.

    資本短缺也是影響非正規部門生產經營的一個重要制約因素。
  5. Market constraint in the framework of new basel capital agreement

    巴塞爾新資本協議框架中的市場約束
  6. Problems faced by the stated - owned military institute during enterprisational reform, such as system reform, operation mechanism reform, human resource boltleneck, etc., are analysed in emphases. systemreform of the state - owned military institute ia especially anatomized and opinion on system reform by managentment level purchase is also given. converting operation mechanism together with system reform, strengthening constraint and excitation of human resource capital, etc. are analyzed and corresponding solutions are presented as well in thia paper. the first part of this essay in detail and a conclusion lead out, i. e., enterprise - oriented reform for stated - owned military institute are now imperative. main problems might be confronted with by stated - owned military institute during enterprise - oriented reform are analyzed in priority, among which organization system reform of stated - owned military institute are construed emphatically. the author ' s ideas on administrator purchase are also put forward. the whole article is aimed at exploring a practicable reform path for stated - owned military institute under current situation

    本文的重點是對國有軍工科研院所進行企業化改革過程中面臨的主要問題如體制問題、運營機制問題以及人力資源問題進行了分析，其中對國有軍工科研院所進行體制改革進行了重點分析，並對利用管理層收購這種思路來進行體制改革提出了自己的觀點，本文還對國有軍工科研院所在進行通過體制改革的同時轉換經營機制、加大人力資本的約束和激勵機制等方面進行了分析，並提出解決措施，旨在探索一條適應目前形勢和發展需要的國有軍工科研院所企業化改革之路。
  7. The availability of management time, skilled labor, or even other capital equipment often constitutes an important constraint on a company ' s growth

    管理層的時間、技術勞工或甚至其他資本設備的可供給性常對公司的增長組成一個重要的約束。
  8. The current governance structure of high - new technology firms has become the constraint of company ' s subsequent development, and it will cause that special human capital can not play the role effectively

    高新技術企業現行治理結構成為公司后續發展的制約因素，並導致專用性人力資本作用不能得到有效發揮。這些構成了本文的寫作動機。
  9. In this kind of principal - agent relationship, as a majority in the ownership and investor from outside, the government commits the capital of banks to the president, with sovereign credit guaranteed to absorb large number of deposits and with the expectation to the president of bank to run the capital according to the maximization of state interests. but this kind of administrative relationship on one hand is not helpful to the complete commercial operation on capital by reason of the decision - making power of banks controlled by the government ; on the other hand chances are that the manager of the bank pays little attention to risks, which will result in the losses government can neither supervise nor control but has to undertake finally. the only effective means to control the bank is the power of appointing and dismissing the head of the bank, which however will give rise to soft constraint in governance structure

    在政府?行長委託代理關系中，政府作為銀行所有權的主體和外部出資人將銀行資本委託給銀行行長經營，並以國家信用做擔保吸收巨額存款，希望銀行行長能按國家利益最大化目標進行良好運作，但是這種「行政管理式的委託?代理制」 ，一方面使得銀行經營的自主權受到政府所有者的抑制，而不能進行徹底的商業化經營；另一方面也使得銀行經營者有可能不顧風險，由此給所有者造成損失並最終由政府承擔，而政府部門卻無法對其進行有效監督與控制，在這種產權安排與治理結構下，政府對銀行的有效控制手段主要是行使對銀行行長的任免權。
  10. The advantage of the financing structure is as follow : in a highly market - oriented financing system, enterprises face diverse financing options have great autonomy, which limits the major shareholders of a company to control the company, guarantees the interests of investors ; decentralized financing reduces enterprise debt rate, which is conducive to reasonably arrange credit structure of the bank, enhance the stability of the banking system ; decentralized financing disperses investment risk and financial market risk ; constraint mechanism of capital markets enhance the competition quality and comprehensive quality of enterprises, form effective corporate governance mechanisms

    第三部分是從主體特徵、形成根源和經濟績效三個方面對美國企業融資模式和日本企業融資模式進行比較分析。第四部分是從美日兩種融資模式的簡要評價中得到啟示，並在總結分析兩種融資模式的基礎上，回顧了我國融資制度的變遷與現狀，針對我國目前融資體制中存在的種種問題，提出應對建議。
  11. During the tenth five - year period, we face the change which could make our country be a powerful industrial country from a big industrial one, and the constraint of the capital, the resource, and the environment make us pay more attention to the intensive technology innovation than the expanding and the extensive form

    「十五」時期，我國面臨著從工業大國向工業強國的轉變，資金、資源和環境等的約束使我們必須把經濟增長的目光從過去那種依靠粗放型、外延型的增長方式轉變到依靠集約型的技術創新上來。
  12. Chapter 3 has discussed the influence and role that capital theory has on enterprise governance efficiency in terms of incentive mechanism, constraint mechanism and control right arrangement chapter 4 has introduced that " debt - to - equity " is the choice of adjusting capital structure and governance structure according to the revelation of capital structure theory to " debt - to - equity "

    第三章從激勵機制、約束機制和控制權安排三方面闡述了現代資本結構理論對企業治理效率的影響與作用。第四章根據資本結構理論對債轉股的啟示，說明了債轉股是調整我國企業資本結構與完善治理結構的現實選擇。
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