collision at sea 中文意思是什麼

collision at sea 解釋
海上碰撞
  • collision : n. 碰撞；沖突，抵觸，（政黨等的）傾軋。 come into collision with 和…相撞[沖突，抵觸]。 in collision with 和…相撞[沖突]。
  • at : 1 Air Transport（ation） 2 【電學】 ampere turn 3 antitank 4 Atlantic Time 5 alternative technolo...
  • sea : SEA ＝ Southeast Asia 東南亞。n 1 海；海洋；內海；大（淡水）湖。2 〈pl 或與不定冠詞連用〉海面（狀...
  1. In fact, most of the collision accidents are caused by the navigator ' s carelessness, fault and those operations violating the international regulations for preventing collision at sea

    咎其原因，不難發現絕大多數碰撞事故都是由於航海者的疏忽、過失以及嚴重違反海上避碰覿則所導致。
  2. On account of the circumstances, this article attempts to study the system of burden of proof and the principle of its allocation in the collision actions, and then, based on the character of legal system in china and theories of maritime judgement, it tries to analyse the international regulations for preventing collisions at sea, 1972, dig out some problems and put forward some idio - points of view. in the last section of this thesis, the author analyses and inquires into how to institute a rule of burden of producing evidence for collision actions in our country and deems which is propitious to keep the development of shipping in order

    有鑒于上述現狀，本文立足於本國法制特徵，在先輩的民事舉證責任制度理論成果基礎上，借鑒英美典型海事判例確定的舉證責任原則，對船舶碰撞中的舉證責任及其分配製度進行了考察；並從舉證責任分配規則的理論角度對1972年《國際海上避碰規則》進行了大膽的評析，在發現問題的基礎上提出了一些個人的觀點，以作為海事司法實踐的參考。
  3. Ship collision seize on a big proportion of the accident at sea, which does great damage to safe navigation

    海上船舶碰撞事故是航行安全的首害，在海上交通事故中佔有很大比例。
  4. A lifeboat from cruise ship walrus involving in the collision later picked up 10 crewmen at sea. marine department launches, fire service department launches and government flying services were also deployed to scene

    海皇星已將貨船上的其中十名船員從海中救起?海事處船隊、消防船及政府飛行服務隊已到達現場。
  5. China has also acceded to the 30 - some conventions formulated by the imo, such as the 1965 convention on facilitation of international maritime traffic, 1990 international convention on oil pollution preparedness, response and cooperation, international convention on standards of training, certification and watchkeeping for seafarers, 1978, as amended, 1974 international convention for the safety of life at sea, international convention for the prevention of pollution from ships, 1973, as modified by the protocol of 1978 relating thereto ( marpol, or 73 / 78 convention on pollution convention ), athens convention relating to the carriage of passengers and their luggage by sea, 1974, and international convention for the unification of certain rules of law with respect to collision between vessels

    中國先後加入了國際海事組織制定的30多項公約，其中包括《 1965年便利國際海上運輸公約》 、 《 1990年國際油污防備、反應和合作公約》 、 《 1995年海員培訓、發證和值班標準國際公約》 、 《 1974年國際海上人命安全公約》 、 《 1973 / 78年國際防止船舶造成污染公約》及其有關修正案、 《 1974年海上旅客及其行李運輸雅典公約》 、 《統一船舶碰撞某些法律規定的國際公約》等國際公約。
  6. The research works of this paper can be mainly demonstrated in the following aspects : 1 new model of dangerous degree of collision avoidance ( ddca ) was studied to determinate the best scheme of collision avoidance ; 2 ten factors, which affect the avoiding effect, were discussed in details ; 3 changing rules of dcpa and tcpa were discussed, according to the international collision avoidance rules at sea, under the following three circumstances : cross situation, head on situation, as well as overtake situation ; 4 to focus the discussion on cross situation

    2 、確定影響避讓效果的十大因素，將其產生的影響以行動時機提前量來消除。 3 、將船舶會遇局面按國際海上避碰規則所劃分的交叉相遇局面、對遇局面、追越局面三種局面分別討論dcpa和tcpa及其變化規律，結合船舶碰撞危險度評價並確立最佳避讓方案。 4 、將交叉相遇局面作為本文的研究重點，對遇局面和追越局面可以視作交叉相遇局面的特殊情況來處理。
  7. When we search the reason of collision, we will find most of the accidents were caused by the voyager ' s carelessness, ignorance and those operations violating the international regulation for preventing collision at sea

    究其原因，絕大多數碰撞事故都是由於操縱者的疏忽、過失以及嚴重違反海上避碰規則所導致。
  8. The writer makes great effort to provide sufficient theoretical ground to some typical issues, for example, the title to sue for personal injury and death in labor service export, the third party in a collision at sea ; the assignment of claim for loss of life or personal injury, and the difference between the contract for service and the contract of labor, the relationship of personal insurance and liability insurance, and hopes to give a guidance to proper interpretation of law

    如外派船員的人身傷亡損害賠償請求權的歸屬問題，船舶碰撞中第三人的認定問題，人身傷亡損害賠償請求權可否轉讓問題，勞務合同與勞動合同的區別問題，人身保險與責任保險的認定問題等等，筆者力圖使這些實踐中的問題能夠有理論基礎的支持，從而正確適用法律。
  9. ( 3 ) presenting in - depth research and discussion on the solution of the 2 puzzles by taking ais information as the data - source of aas. ( 4 ) researching on the acquisition and processing method of basic navigation data from ais, such as relative course, relative speed, distance, bearing, cpa and tcpa of target ship. ( 5 ) designing the abaas ( ais based automatic anti - collision system ) collision avoidance scheme and establishing the principle of collision avoidance of own ship and designing the new principle of actions for the collision avoidance using the news data of ais according to the international regulations for preventing collisions at sea, 1972, by calculating the risk of collision and consideration of the division of the three kinds of ship encounter

    對于基於ais的自動避碰決策方法進行了深入研究，分析了國內外專家對于碰撞危險度的研究成果，並提出了確定碰撞危險度的方法；借鑒國內外專家的見解，對避碰規則規定的三種會遇局面進行了定量的分析並對避碰行動局面進行了劃分；提出了互見條件下兩船會遇中本船避碰責任和行動判斷的原則；制定了兩船會遇避碰方案和多船會遇避碰方案；針對從ais得到的他船航行狀態信卜汕燈運學1 ； t幀卜學位論義杜十川s的船舶自動避隴決策系統的應用研究，以設zf了符合現則欲八條大十船舶m災仟的避碰原則方沾。
  10. Finally, the subject judgement model is applied as an assessment model of ships collision avoidance, and the mean sj value of sea areas is suggested as index of collision risk degree. at same time a relative membership model of fairway risk is established, which assess the danger degree of all fairways of the dalian port. the evaluation results more tally with the results of simulation

    為對所提出的模擬模型進行檢驗分析，本文還提出了航道危險度的相對隸屬度模型，並以大連港為實例分別對該港的各航道段水域危險度情況進行了評價，所得的結果與模擬結果較為相符，從而證實了本文所提出的模擬模型具有可信性和可行性。
  11. When ships are at their actual voyages the working conditions ( such as loading, depth of drafu ship speed ) and the navigating environments ( such as the sea route, depth of water, wind, wave, current ) are variable to a large extent. the whole during is a procedure of model varying with time nonlinear and large disturbance. the introduction of the intelligent controlling method can contribute to the improvement of automation degree for ship avoiding collision and maneuvering systems

    由於船舶的運動在實際的航行過程中隨船舶的工作狀態（如載荷、吃水深度、航速等）及航行環境（如航線、水深、風、浪、流等）的不同而有很大的變化，是一個模型時變、非線性、大幹擾的過程，將智能化控制技術用於其中將會有助於船舶避碰與操縱系統的自動化程度的提高。
  12. Whereas the character of collision cases, the principle of burden of proof in civil actions must be embodied and consummated before applied in these cases, other than followed simply. at the same time, international regulations for preventing collisions at sea, 1972, which is the law ruling the area of collisions of ships, needs to be studied deeply

    船舶碰撞訴訟的特殊性和專業性決定了其舉證責任制度除應遵循民事訴訟中舉證責任制度的原則規定外，還需要具體問題具體分析，結合船舶碰撞案的實際情況，將民訴法中有關舉證責任的制度在適用上進行具體化和完善化。
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