comparative economics 中文意思是什麼

The western scholars ? las and johnson has shown that the hard core of the research programs based on the science research programs methodology is difficult to change and it can be maintained and developed by adjusting the assisting hypothetic protecting zone. they give comparatively objective statement of the hard cores of western mainstream economics research programs and the marx ' s economics research programs, which is based on the comparative analysis on the human being, rationality, property right, market and the view on the social history of the two hard cores

西方學者格拉斯和約翰遜根據拉卡托斯的科學研究綱領方法論所表明的研究綱領的硬核不易改變，可以通過調整輔助性假設保護帶的方法來加以維護和發展的學說，對西方主流派的經濟學研究綱領的硬核和馬克思經濟學研究綱領的硬核的內容作了比較客觀的陳述，他們的陳述是以對兩大綱領硬核關於人、理性、產權、市場和社會史觀的對比分析來進行的。

This paper addresses some important problems on telecommunication uso including economics rationale, financing mechanism, measurement of uso cost and uso under comparative competition. applying adverse selection model to analyze uso under comparative competition is the focus of this paper

本論文旨在對電信普遍服務若干重要問題進行分析，包括普遍服務的經濟學基礎、普遍服務的融資機制、普遍服務的成本測算，比較競爭下的普遍服務。

I approach this case study by critically incorporating the spatial and institutional frameworks of the influential anthropologist g. william skinner and the 1993 nobel laureate in economics douglass north respectively. since early 1990s i have been working on comparative legal cultures

有關中國經濟史的研究，幾年前完成一部有關宋元閩南經濟發展的書，希望通過這個個案研究，探討一些具有普偏性的經濟發展理論問題。

Combined the researching methods of using the knowledge of jurisprudence, commercial law, civil law, economics, sociology and comparative law, this thesis uses five chapters to discuss about the supervision system

文章綜合運用了法理學、商法學、民法學、經濟學、社會學、比較法學等多種研究方法，分五大章節分別進行論述。

The whole thesis was made up of seven parts. the first part provided the background, significance and aims of this research ; the second part briefly reviewed the progress and the trend of the researches about the relative fields at home and abroad, then concluded that the present researches were mainly focusing on mineral cities and the qualitative description of mineral economics, which lack in quantitative analysis and utilized models ; the third part defined mineral region according to two indexes, and discussed the theoretical basis of the economic sustainable development of mineral region ; the fourth part systematically analyzed the current situation of the economic sustainable development of huangling county, emphatically discussed the coincidental relationship between mineral exploitation and economic development as well as the reasons for the recession of mineral economic ; the fifth part, drawing on the experience of transforming industry and renewing economic in mineral cities ( region ) at home and abroad, put forth the foundation train of thought of the economic sustainable development huangling county, and programs and smocks the economic development of huangling county using the method of systematic dynamics, presented the model of the economic sustainable development of counties by comparative analysis of three plans ; the sixth part provided some policed suggestion and measure for the economic susta inable development of huangling county

全文分為七個部分：第一部分：提出研究的背景、意義與目的；第二部分：簡要回顧了國內外相關領域的研究進展與趨勢，指出當前研究主要集中在礦業城市與礦業經濟的定性描述，缺少定量分析和應用模型；第三部分：依據兩組指標界定礦業區域，探討礦業區域經濟可持續發展的理論基礎；第四部分：對黃陵縣域經濟可持續發展現狀進行系統分析，重點探討了礦產資源開發與經濟發展的耦合關系及其礦業經濟衰退的原因；第五部分：在借鑒國內外礦業城市（地區）產業轉型與經濟新生經驗的基礎上，探討了黃陵縣域經濟可持續發展的基本思路，並運用系統動力學方法對黃陵縣域經濟發展進行規劃與模擬，通過三種方案的對比分析，提出縣域經濟可持續發展模式；第六部分：黃陵縣域經濟可持續發展的政策建議與措施；第七部分：主要結論及進一步研究的問題。

No matter in theory or in practice is it significant for china to succeed in adjusting and making imports and exports policy forest products in accordance with the market economy of china. with scientific policy theory, comparative economics theory, sustainable development theory, international trade theory and game theory for the theoretical foundation, this dissertation has analyzed and compared the development course of the imports and exports policy of forest products in the world. it has expounded the imports and exports current situation of the forest products in china and comparative advantages of products foreign trade of forest

本文以政策科學理論、比較經濟學理論、可持續發展理論、國際貿易理論和博弈論為理論基礎，分析和比較研究了世界森林產品進出口政策的發展歷程；剖析了中國森林產品的進出口現狀及其森林產品進出口貿易的比較優勢；通過比較分析一些國家和地區的森林產品關稅政策措施的趨同性和差異性，指出了森林產品進出口政策中關稅的「多元化效應」 。

As a result, on the basement of macroeconomics, regional economics, ethnic economics, ethnic theories and the edge principles, the writer integrates theories with demonstration, macrocosm with microcosm, history with reality perfectly and make use of the comprehensive, comparative and historical research methods and lots of experiential materials to testify the positive financial policy ' s great promotive effect on western region development and try to find an effective way suitable to the western region development through pointing out some structural problems supported by a series of data analysis

筆者在宏觀經濟學、區域經濟學、民族經濟學和民族問題理論及其邊緣學科的基礎上，運用綜合、交叉、比較、歷史的研究方法以及大量經驗性材料將理論與實證、宏觀與微觀、歷史與現實、東部與西部有機結合起來，用大量數據說明積極財政政策對西部大開發的巨大推動作用，並通過一系列的數據分析指出西部地區經濟發展過程的某些結構性問題，力求找到一條適合西部地區經濟發展的振興之路。

This article first introduces environmental value, its category and assessment of environmental value ; then environmental policy, environmental compensation of usa, and cercla, opa ’ 90 will be introduced. also, rules on assessment of environmental damage contemplated in directions issued by euro parliament and eu council of ministers and their developments will be explored. demonstrative analysis, comparative analysis and etc. will be applied in the research of the above law, and meanwhile, theory of environmental economics will be adopted in assessment of environmental damage

本文首先是通過環境的價值及其分類和評價環境價值的各種方法的介紹，讓大家對環境的價值有初步的認識;再通過對美國的環境對策、補償、責任法（ cercla ） 、油污法（ opa 』 90 ）和歐洲議會及歐盟部長理事會關于環境損害的預防和救濟的指令案中關于對自然環境資源的損害評價規則和發展過程進行分析探討，綜合運用實證分析、比較分析等方法來研究上述法律運用環境經濟學原理來確定損害賠償額的評價方法。

Comparative analyses between das kapital and western economics

與西方經濟學的比較分析

The whole dissertation can be divided into 9 chapters, which are mainly engaged on the comparative theories of the common balance and the partial balance, and the methodology of the demonstration and criterion economics to do the analysis and res earch on the purpose of making relatively thorough and deep assessment on the policy - making and related improvement suggestions on such areas as the implement performance of the agriculture policies, the requirement structure of agriculture, the structure of employment, the basic elements and arrangement of agriculture production, the sustainable development of agriculture and the agriculture internationalization etc. the basic innovative points of the dissertation are as follows : ( 1 ) to establish a systematic framework for the research on the policies of agriculture industry and the structure of agriculture industry ; the framework for grand agriculture industry structure ; the framework of subject relationship in the agriculture socialized service system ; the circulation framework of sustainable development for agriculture ; the model framework for corporation development for agriculture institution ; ( 2 ) to expand the external scope of the concept of agriculture ; ( 3 ) to put forward the ideas of the corporation orientation by restructuring and innovating the present agriculture operational institution ; ( 4 ) to raise the viewpoints to set up the quality standard system for agriculture produce and to initiate the same system of the internal and external trade ; ( 5 ) to offer the suggestions on guiding the development of the township and private enterprises through the industry policies ; ( 6 ) to raise the innovative viewpoint by way of the systematic analysis on agriculture and the employment structure of the countryside, the district arrangement, technological innovation and the marketing system of agriculture produce ; ( 7 ) to put forward the comprehensive thinking way to broaden the logistics services for agriculture produce ; ( 8 ) to raise the new idea of the agriculture supporting system and the policy suggestions on expanding the areas for the government to support agriculture industry, reorganization of agriculture insurance system and aid to the weak masses of the countryside

本課題是在國家農業產業政策不斷完善和產業經濟學科科學發展的背景下，從農業產業政策的實踐出發，從大農業產業結構、組織、技術、資金、勞動力、土地等資源配置以及區域布局、國內外關聯等角度，以農業產業政策與農業發展的互動關系為切入點，提出了農業產業政策調整取向，初步形成和發展了政策理論。全文共分9章，主要運用一般均衡和局部均衡比較等理論，實證、規范經濟學研究等方法進行探討，對農業產業政策實施績效、農村需求結構、就業結構、農業生產要素和布局、農業可持續發展、農業國際化等命題以及對策建議作了比較全面深入的評析。本課題研究主要有以下創新觀點：初步搭建了農業產業政策和結構理論框架，設計了政策和結構體系圖；延伸了「農業」概念外延，提出了「大農業」的構想；提出了農業產業經營組織再造和創新的公司化發展方向，設置了農業產業化、公司化發展模式圖和產業化公司模型圖；設計了農業可持續發展良性循環圖和農業資金投入效益模型圖；提出了建立農產品質量標準體系、推行內外貿一體制的觀點；建立了農業保障體系參照圖，建議通過產業政策引導鄉鎮、私營企業和「三資」企業發展；剖析農村勞動力就業結構、區域布局、科技創新、農產品市場體系；提出了加大農產品物流配送的整體思路；提出了農業支撐體系新觀念及擴大政府支農范圍、重構農業保險體系、扶持弱勢群體的政策建議。

On the premise of collecting abundant data, the dissertation studies china " s vegetable industry comprehensively, by applying theories, such as international trade, trade economics, institutions economics and vegetable commodity economics, and research means, such as integration of quantitative and qualitative analysis, integration of positive and normative studies, abstract analysis, comparative analysis, and so on

本研究運用國際貿易學、貿易經濟學、制度經濟學、蔬菜商品經濟學原理，在大量搜集相關數據、信息資料的基礎上，採取定性分析與定量分析相結合、實證分析與規范分析相結合以及抽象分析、比較分析等多種方法，對中國蔬菜產業國際競爭力問題進行系統研究。

3. by using comparative labor productivity and the duality contrast coefficient, this paper measures the strength and transformation conditions of chongqing ' s dual economy structure, and reveals that the transformation of chongqing ' s dual economy structure is deviated from the general law of economic development : along with economics increases, chongqing ' s dual economy structure submit to a continuously reinforced tendency

3 、運用比較勞動生產率、二元對比系數等指標對重慶二元經濟結構的強度及轉換狀況進行了總體度量，發現重慶二元經濟結構的轉換與經濟發展的一般規律相背離：即隨著經濟的增長，二元經濟結構卻呈不斷強化的趨勢。

A comparative analysis of the current theoretical economics

當前理論經濟學的比較分析

Establish and prove the theory of the sustainable development of h & n economic system, and apply it as the directive macro theory in the process of the construction of h & n engineering and water transportation development ; deriving the comparative advantage theory compared with other communication infrastructures and transportation ways, provide the theory support for more investment on the construction of h & n engineering and more attention on water transportation development ; establish the efficient competition theory on the efficient competition among the subjects ( enterprises ) in the h & n economic system and the development of objects ( h & n resources ), which can be used in the management of the enterprises in h & n economics system and the allocation of the duties and responsibilities caused in resources development, so it will be good to the sustainable development of the h & n economic

建立並論證港航經濟系統的可持續發展理論，並以此作為指導港航工程建設和水路運輸發展的宏觀理論；在港航經濟系統可持續發展理論的框架內派生出中觀的與其他交通基礎設施和運輸方式相比較的比較優勢理論，為港航工程傾斜投資、水路運輸重點發展提供了理論依據；建立港航經濟系統內部的主體（港航企業）運營的有效競爭和客體（港航資源）開發的有效競爭理論，用於指導港航經濟系統內部的港航企業管理和港航資源開發投資的責權劃分，從而有利於港航經濟系統的可持續發展。

Moreover, some of them become the baffling problems, such as the state - owned asset management system, the defining of property rights, the clearing of the relation between government and enterprise, the problem that the enterprise does things done by society, the high liability rate of soe etc. based on the relevant theory of institution economics, this paper mainly adopts the method of empirical analysis and comparative analysis to analyze these difficult problems

如國有資產的管理機制、產權的界定、政企關系的明確、企業辦社會的問題、國有企業的高負債率等，這些問題中所貫穿的一個根本問題，是如何處理政府與企業關系。本文主要利用制度經濟學的有關理論，採用實證分析方法和比較分析方法，分析我國國有企業改革過程中的這個難題。

This paper, guided by the marxism economic theory and combined the relevant knowledge of western economics and modern financial development, by adopting the complicated methods of theoretic and practical analysis, systematic and comparative analysis, quantitative and qualitative analysis, by focusing on the topic " financial development ", on the basis of combined judgement on the extent of the deepening of china " s finance, summarizes the contribution to the china " s economic development made by its financial development and the problems existed, and, according to the characteristics of the expansion in quantity on the china " s financial development in the past, puts up forward some constructive proposals on how to intensify our financial reform and push forward the financial development in the future

本文以馬克思主義經濟理論為指導，綜合運用西方經濟理論、現代金融發展理論的相關知識，採取理論分析與實證分析、系統分析與比較分析、定性分析與定量分析相結合的方法，緊緊圍繞「金融發展」這一主題，在對中國金融深化程度進行綜合判斷的基礎上，總結了改革開放以來中國金融發展對經濟發展作出的貢獻和存在的問題，並針對中國既往金融發展的數量擴張型特點，提出了未來我國深化金融改革，推動金融發展的相應政策與建議。

Speech by andrew zimbalist is professor of economics at smith college. he is the author of many books on development and comparative economics. his latest book is baseball and billions

由安德魯?齊馬利斯特的講話是在史密斯學院的經濟的教授。他是在開發和比較經濟的許多書的作者。他的最近的書是棒球並且十億。

Chapter 2 discussed the practical significance of developing bill credit and bill market on the aspect of credit construction. chapter 3 explored the market composition and operation characters in england, u. s and japan in comparative economics method, and based on this, summarizes their development experience

第三部分則採用比較經濟學的方法，考察了英、美、日三國的票據市場的市場主體構成及市場運行特點，並在此基礎上對英、美、日三國票據市場的成功發展經驗進行了總結，以供借鑒。

The dissertation, in the principle of integration of theory with practice conducts a detailed and systematic analysis and evaluation of the key elements affecting the competitiveness of agricultural products, arrive at corresponding policy analysis and defenses, and finally initiates solution proposals and make an analysis on the level of system innovation with a comprehensive use of the knowledge and theories of agriculture economics, comparative economics, regional economics, international trade and agricultural and natural science and an adoption of the combination of macro - analysis and micro - analysis, demonstration study and criterion study, ration analysis and nature determination analysis, comparative analysis, statistics analysis, computation economic model

本文綜合運用農業經濟學、產業經濟學、區域經濟學、比較經濟學、計量經濟學、國際貿易學和農業自然科學等學科的知識與原理，遵循理論與實踐相統一的原則，採取宏觀分析與微觀分析相結合、實證研究與規范研究相結合、定性分析與定量分析相結合以及比較分析、統計分析和計量經濟模型等多種方法，對影響農產品競爭力的關鍵要素展開系統深入的分析評價，得出相應的政策含義和依據，最後提出對策建議並加以耦合，進而上升到制度創新的層面加以闡述。

Then, the paper goes on to clarify the train of studies on regional competitiveness, sums up its theoretical basis ( regional economics, comparative economics and theory of competitiveness ), analyzes its connotation, and illustrates the " " diamond model " of mickael e. porter, the international competitiveness model of imd and the regional competitiveness model of the research commitee of fujian executive institution

接著本文理出區域競爭力研究脈絡，歸納區域競爭力的理論基礎：區域經濟學、比較經濟學和競爭理論，分析區域競爭力的內涵，闡述邁克爾?波特的「鉆石模型」 、 imd的國際競爭力模型和福建行政學院課題組的區域競爭力模型。