contract carrier 中文意思是什麼

contract carrier 解釋
包租的運輸工具
  • contract : n 1 契約,合同。2 婚約。3 承包(合約)。4 【法律】契約法。5 【牌戲】定約,合約橋牌。6 〈主英方〉...
  • carrier : n 1 運送人,搬夫;負荷者;使役,〈美國〉信差,郵遞員;送報人;〈英國〉運輸行,運輸業者。2 傳書鴿...
  1. Attending to procedures for ships entry into and departure from the port and arranging for pilotage, ships berth and loading discharging ; 2. preparing documents and, subject to authorization, signing bills of lading, contract of affreightment, ships dispatch demurrage agreements and collecting money and settling payment ; 3. canvassing cargoes, arranging passenger transport, accepting cargo space booking on behalf of the carrier, and attending to procedures for shipments and transshipment of cargoes ; 4

    公司的業務范圍包括: 1辦理船舶進出港口手續,聯系安排引航靠泊和裝卸2繕制單證,代簽提單運輸合同速譴滯期協議,代收代付款項3承攬貨物和組織客源代辦接受定艙業務以及貨物的托運和中轉4聯系水上救助協辦海商海事5辦理船舶集裝箱以及貨物的報關手續6代辦船舶船員旅客或貨物的有關事項。
  2. In this bill of lading the word " ship " shall include any substituted vessel, and any craft, lighter or other means of conveyance owned, chartered or operated by the carrier used in the performance of this contract ; the word " carrier " shall include the ship, her owner, master, operator, demise charterer, and if bound hereby the time charterer, and any substituted carrier, whether the owner, operator, charterer, or master shall be acting as carrier or bailee ; the word " shipper " shall include the person named as such in this bill of lading and the person for whose account the goods are shipped ; the word " consignee " shall include the holder of the bill of lading, properly endorsed, and the receiver and the owner of the goods ; the word " charges " shall include freight and all expenses and money obligations incurred and payable by the goods, shipper, consignee, or any of them

    二、本提單中的「船舶」一詞指任何替代船舶、任何小船、駁船或其他為承運人所擁有,並用於履行本合同的運輸工具; 「承運人」一詞是指船舶、船東、船長、操作人員、光船租船人、本提單限定的定期租船人、以及任何實際承運人,不論是船東、操作人員,租船人或船長代理而被視為承運人或受託人; 「發貨人」一詞是指本提單上所列的發貨人,貨物為其而裝運; 「收貨人」一詞是指正式背書提單的持有人,貨物的接收者和所有人; 「費用」一詞是指運費和因貨物、發貨人、收貨人、或因他們任何一個而發生且應由其支付或了結的一切費用和金錢義務。
  3. Finally, delivery of cargo without original bills of lading promote the development of shipping in a way in practice, it has reasonability in existence. chapter three is writer ' s study for 10 leading cases of chinese maritime court and court of cassation concerning delivery of cargo without original bills of lading, writer conclude as follows : chinese courts are inclined to regard it as breach of contract but not in tort in judicial practice ; chinese courts allow the plaintiff to choose to sue in tort or of breach ; chinese courts have abandoned the viewpoint of " who holder the bills who must have the right to sue " or " who holder the bills who must win the case " ; and in many cases concerning delivery of cargo without original bills of lading, the court ignored plaintiff ' s actions against the carrier, it proved that carrier can escape reasonability of delivery of cargo without original bills of lading in some cases

    第三章論述我國海事法院及其上級法院就無單放貨案件審理的司法審判實踐研究,通過對十個法院判例的分析、歸納,筆者認為,在司法實踐中,法院越來越傾向于將無單放貨糾紛視為運輸合同糾紛處理,而不認定為侵權行為糾紛;法院允許原告起訴時以侵權起訴或違約起訴作出選擇;法院對提單持有人的訴權認定,已經不採用「誰持有提單誰就有訴權」與「誰持有提單就能保證勝訴」的觀點;有諸多的無單放貨的訴訟案例以被法院駁回起訴為結局,證明了無單放貨在特定情況下的合理性以及承運人有避免承擔責任的可能性。
  4. Article 130 any provision tending to relieve the carrier of the liability prescribed by this law or to fix a lower limit than that which is laid down in this law shall be null and void, but the nullity of any such provision shall not involve the nullity of the whole contract of transport by air

    第一百三十條任何旨在免除本法規定的承運人責任或者降低本法規定的賠償責任限額的條款,均屬無效;但是,此種條款的無效,不影響整個航空運輸合同的效力。
  5. According to china ' s maritime code, the liabiiity of breaching a contract of carriage of goods by sea is determined by whether the breaching party has f8ult or not, while it aiso stipuiates in articie 51 that ; " the carrier shaii not be iiable for the loss of or damage to the goods occurred during the period of carrier ' s responsibility arising or resulting from any of the foiiowing causes ( ( 1 ) fault of the mastef, crew members, pilot or servant of the carrier in the navigation or management of the ship "

    我國海商法在海上貨物運輸方面的承運人違約責任之歸責採取過錯責任原則,但因其在第51條又規定「船長、船員、引航員或者承運人的其他受僱人在駕駛船舶或管理船舶中的過失」承運人不負賠償責任。因為這一點,海商法學界稱之為不完全過失責任制。
  6. A passenger carriage contract is formed upon the carrier ' s delivery of the passenger ticket to the passenger, except otherwise agreed by the parties or provided by the relevant usage

    第二百九十三條客運合同自承運人向旅客交付客票時成立,但當事人另有約定或者另有交易習慣的除外。
  7. A carriage contract is a contract whereby the carrier carries the passenger or cargo from the place of departure to the prescribed destination, and the passenger, consignor or consignee pays the fare or freightage

    第二百八十八條運輸合同是承運人將旅客或者貨物從起運地點運輸到約定地點,旅客、托運人或者收貨人支付票款或者運輸費用的合同。
  8. A multi - modal carriage operator is responsible for performing, or arranging for performance of, the multi - modal carriage contract, and it enjoys the rights and assumes the obligations of a carrier throughout the course of carriage

    第三百一十七條多式聯運經營人負責履行或者組織履行多式聯運合同,對全程運輸享有承運人的權利,承擔承運人的義務。
  9. In the meantime, imperfect liabilities for negligence principle which is regarded as the fundamental principle undertook by the carrier of carriage contract also tends to extend to maritime law ; what ' s important, as the fundamental principles of branch law, maybe there are several different doctrines of liability fixation in the same law, but in our words of the fundamental principles of maritime law, we mean the most important doctrine of liability fixation

    同時,不完全過失責任原則作為海上貨物運輸合同承運人承擔的基本原則,也有向海商法基本原則擴張的趨向;更為重要的是,作為部門法的基本原則,可能在同一法律中存在著若干不同的歸責原則,但是我們所說的海商法的基本原則則是從海商法中最重要的歸責原則而言的。
  10. Notwithstanding the provisions of the preceding paragraph, where a contract of carriage by sea provides explicitly that a specified part of the carriage covered by the said contract is to be performed by a named actual carrier other than the carrier, the contract may nevertheless provide that the carrier shall not be liable for the loss, damage or delay in delivery arising from an occurrence which takes place while the goods are in the charge of the actual carrier during such part of the carriage

    雖有前款規定,在海上運輸合同中明確約定合同所包括的特定的部分運輸由承運人以外的指定的實際承運人履行的,合同可以同時約定,貨物在指定的實際承運人掌管期間發生的滅失、損壞或者遲延交付,承運人不負賠償責任。
  11. On the basis of this point of view and theories of civil law, it points out that delivery cargo by carrier without bill of lading is the breach of contract and may be the tort, however, while by agents of the carrier, it must be tort because of the non - contractual relationship between the holder of bill of lading and him. furthermore, this article gives out the solution to them. this paper also explains the defence of the carrier in the judicial practice and the effect of exemption clause in bill of lading

    在此基礎上,根據民法的基本理論,分析了不同的行為主體實施的無單放貨行為的性質,認為承運人實施的無單放貨行為對提單持有人構成了違約,並有可能對其構成侵權,因此往往形成違約責任和侵權責任的競合;而承運人的代理人或其他人因為與提單持有人之間沒有提單形成的權利義務關系,因此他的無單放貨行為只能構成侵權行為。
  12. In view of the transferring of contract, the situation that goods are not taken delivery of or the consignee refuses to take delivery of the goods at the port of destination is the fail of the transferring of contract. so, the shipper who is a party of the contract of carriage should be responsible for the carrier ' s losses suffered from the above situations

    從合同轉讓的角度看,目的港無人提貨或收貨人拒絕提貨,是運輸合同的轉讓未能實現,因此作為運輸合同一方的托運人,應當對于承運人因無法交付貨物而遭受的損害承擔賠償責任。
  13. The thesis starts from bill of lading ( b / l ) dissension and trade contract interior relation, wants to give some idea of the numerous b / l dissension frequently comeing forth injustice practice, such as note - made b / l dissension, advanced bil, antidated b / l dissension. delivery cargo without presentation b / l dissension, nobody picking up the goods ( including consignee refuses to pick up the goods dissension ), letter of indemnity in communication with all these dissension, and also to give some idea of carrier ' s duty at different kinds of dissension hereon foundation

    本文從提單糾紛與貿易合同實際存在的內部聯系這一角度出發,結合中外法律的相關規定,對司法實踐中頻繁出現的若干提單糾紛:提單批註糾紛,預借、倒簽提單糾紛,無單放貨糾紛,目的港無人提貨(收貨人拒絕提貨糾紛)以及與諸種糾紛聯系緊密的海運保函糾紛問題作一些理論上的研究與分析,並在此基礎上探討了承運人在各種糾紛中的責任,提出了筆者的一些淺薄觀點。
  14. In different legal system, that is distinct. ship owner, ship manager and shipping agent, taking part in the transport trade, always affect finding the carrier. in many countries, " carrier " means any person by whom or in whose name a contract of carriage of goods by sea has been concluded with a shipper

    不同法律制度下, 「承運人」的定義有所區別: 《海牙規則》把承運人限定為與托運人訂有海上運輸契約的船舶所有人和承租人; 《漢堡規則》及包括我國在內的多數國家把承運人定義為與托運人訂有海上運輸契約的任何人。
  15. Where the seller sells the subject matter which has been delivered to a carrier for transportation and is in transit, unless otherwise agreed by the parties, the risk of damage or loss is borne by the buyer as from the time of formation of the contract

    第一百四十四條出賣人出賣交由承運人運輸的在途標的物,除當事人另有約定的以外,毀損、滅失的風險自合同成立時起由買受人承擔。
  16. Article 144 risk allocation for subject matter in transit where the seller sells the subject matter which has been delivered to a carrier for transportation and is in transit, unless otherwise agreed by the parties, the risk of damage or loss is borne by the buyer as from the time of formation of the contract

    第一百四十四條出賣人出賣交由承運人運輸的在途標的物,除當事人另有約定的以外,毀損、滅失的風險自合同成立時起由買受人承擔。
  17. Obtain damage exception report from carrier forwarder or tally report from tally company to the same effect ; or mark damage exception on the delivery receipt at the time of delivery ; immediately put notice of claim on carrier forwarder within the time limit set out in the contract of carriage

    從承運人貨代處取得貨物損壞遺失報告或從理貨公司處取得記載有貨物損壞遺失的理貨報告或在收貨時在收貨回單上就損壞遺失情況加以批註
  18. 5 for cargo lots over 1, 000 m / t each, or any other lots less than1, 000 metric tons but identified by the buyer, the seller shall, at least10 days prior to the date of shipment, inform the buyer by telex or cableof the following information : the contract number, the name of commodity, quantity, the name of the carrying vessel, the age, nationality, andparticulars of the carrying vessel, the expected date of loading, theexpected time of arrival at the port of destination, the name, telex andcable address of the carrier

    一次裝運數量超過一千噸的貨載或其它少於一千噸但買方指明的貨載,賣方應在裝船日前至少10天用電傳或電報通知買方合同號、商品名稱、數量、船名、船齡、船籍、船隻主要規范、預計裝貨日、預計到達目的港時間、船公司名稱、電傳和電報掛號。
  19. Writer ' s view of point is that delivery of cargo without original bills of lading has the character of breaching of the contract, because releasing cargo against original bills of lading is carrier ' s legal liability in carrying out the carriage of goods by sea. also it has the character of action in tort, as if the actions violate the civil law of liability in tort, the doer shall take on the liability of compensation. however when actions are both of breach and in tort, the chinese law gives the victim the rights to choose to sue in tort or of breach, but some limitations in applying substantive law

    第二章論述無單放貨的法律性質,筆者認為,無單放貨具有違約性,因為保證憑正本提單交付貨物是承運人在履行海上貨物運輸合同中的一項法定義務;無單放貨具有侵權性,只要無單放貨行為構成承擔侵權行為民事責任的要件,無單放貨行為人就必須承擔賠償責任;同時,無單放貨的違約性和侵權性可能構成責任競合時,我國法律允許受害人可以選擇一個訴因行使其請求權,但對實體法請求權的選擇,法律作出了一定范圍的限制;最後,無單放貨在某種程度上促進了航運業的發展,我們不能一概加以否定,無單放貨在特定情況下具有一定的合理性。
  20. After transferring the goods to the carrier, if the shipper needs to change the destination or the consignee, the shipper shall have the right to change the contents of the contract or cancel the contract

    貨物托運后,托運方需要變更到貨地點或收貨人,或者取消托運時,有權向承運方提出變更合同的內容或解除合同的要求。
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