cooling ratio 中文意思是什麼
cooling ratio
解釋
冷卻比-
The dissertation shows how a series of well - performing composite adsorbents that prepared by author suitable for the features of adsorption refrigeration are gained by using water and ethanol as cryogen ( adsorbate ), which cause no harm to body and environment. the performance of the working pairs of water or ethanol with the composite adsorbents in the refrigeration through adsorption and desiccant cooling are thoroughly examined by experiments. the dissertation also examines, through energy analysis, the refrigeration efficiency and utilization ratio of the adsorption refrigeration, and analyzes the economic potential of the adsorption air - conditioning
以對人體無傷害、對環境無污染的水和乙醇作為吸附製冷工質，研製出適合於吸附製冷特點的性能優良的一系列復合吸附劑；對水或乙醇與自製復合吸附劑組成的製冷工質對的吸附式製冷和吸附除濕製冷的性能進行了深入的實驗研究；用有效能分析方法討論了吸附製冷循環的製冷效率和能量的利用率；對吸附式空調的經濟性進行了分析。 -
The thermal visualizations of jet impingement cooling with single or double row holes inside semi - enclosed channel are measured by using infrared camera and then the impingement cooling heat transfer coefficients are deduced. the effects of flow and geometry parameters on convective heat coefficients are obtained. the results show that : for a single row normal impingement, the impingement cooling effectiveness is enhanced with the increase of impinging reynolds number or the decrease of hole space to diameter ratio, and the best effectiveness is achieved under the jet - to - surface spacing equals to 2 ; when the jet is oblique to the confined wall, the cooling effectiveness is weaken especially under the jet - to - surface spacing ratio is greater than 2 ; for double rows normal impingement cooling, the cooling effectiveness of rear row jet is weaker than the front row under lower impinging reynolds number or bigger jet - to - surface spacing
對于單排垂直射流，沖擊冷卻效果隨射流雷諾數的增加、孔間距與直徑比的減小而得到提高，沖擊間距比為2時換熱效果最好;沖擊孔中心線向通道封閉一側傾斜后，射流沖擊冷卻的范圍變窄，當沖擊間距比大於2時駐點區的對流換熱能力明顯降低;對于雙排沖擊射流，孔排間距與直徑比的增加使沖擊冷卻范圍變大，但在兩排孔之間區域的對流換熱系數有所下降;在較小的沖擊射流雷諾數和較大的沖擊間距比下，後排射流的沖擊換熱效果要遜於前排射流。 -
The results showed that the discharge coefficient of film cooling hole was greatly increased with the increase of blow ratio when the blow ratio m is lower, buta it had a little increase with the increase of m when m is larger
實驗結果表明，在吹風比較小時，隨吹風比的增加流量系數大幅度增加，當吹風比較大時，隨吹風比的增加流量系數增幅減小。 -
Abstract : this thesis discusses the process and operational management of the 600 mw condenser cooling water systems at high concentration ratio in respect of chemicals selection and dosage
文摘:主要從循環水處理藥劑的篩選及其加藥量，來討論目前600mw機組高濃縮倍率下循環水處理的途徑及運行管理。 -
The results indicated that the dimension, shape and purity of base material could meet the functional demand of solid lubricant ; the thermal decomposition temperature of ptfe resin exceeds 400 c, but organic and inorganic packing filler added in ptfe made the water absorption rate of composite material increased, melting temperature and decomposition temperature decreased, in the meanwhile oxidative decomposition reaction was accompanied ; polar groups such as c = o, c - o - c and so on in the carbon fiber surface is advantageous to increase compatibility with other components and interlayer shearing strength ; uniform design experimental method could help to find the relationship between formula and frictional property by relatively small tests. the developing trend of each formula ' s friction coefficient could be showed by fitting curve ; the friction coefficient with no copper powder or graphite in formula was relatively big. this fact showed that copper powder and graphite should be used cooperatively ; it was found that when the ratio of copper powder to graphite by weight is 15 : 60, 30 : 30 - 40 and 60 : 15 - 30 respectively, the friction coefficient was relatively small. the degree of crystallinity of pure ptfe reached maximum by air cooling and the abrasion loss also reached maximum among three ones ; at the same time, the abrasion loss of solid lubricant sample was also the biggest among three ones ; when solid lubricant matched with 45 # steel axle or gcrl5 steel axle, lubricant transfer film could be formed on metal surface, thus direct contact between the surface of metal friction pair rings was reduced. their working life was elongated extremely ; there was mainly much graphite, a little ptff, moo3, feso4, cus and so on in lubricant transfer film
試驗結果表明：所選原料的尺寸、形狀及純度可滿足固體潤滑劑的性能要求；聚四氟乙烯樹脂熱分解溫度超過400 ，但在ptfe中加入無機填料會使復合材料吸水率提高，熔融溫度及分解溫度降低，且伴有氧化分解反應；碳纖維表面含有c = o及c - o - c等極性基團，有利於提高其與其它組分的相容性，提高層間剪切強度；均勻設計試驗方法能夠用較少的試驗次數找出配方與摩擦性能間的關系，擬合曲線基本能表示各配方的摩擦系數發展趨勢；配方中不加銅粉或不加石墨，其摩擦系數均較高，說明銅粉和石墨應該配合使用；當銅粉15份、石墨60份時，銅粉30份、石墨30 - 40份時，銅粉60 、石墨15 - 30份時，摩擦系數均具有較低值；純聚四氟乙烯樹脂在空氣冷卻時結晶度最大，磨損量也是三者中最大的；同時，固體潤滑劑試樣在空氣冷卻時的磨損量也是三者中最大的：不論是固體潤滑劑與45 #鋼軸配副或是固體潤滑劑鑲嵌入銅套后與gcr15鋼軸配副，在金屬表面均可形成潤滑轉移膜，從而減少金屬摩擦副表面間的直接接觸，大大延長其使用壽命;轉移膜中主要含有較多的石墨、少量聚四氟乙烯、 moo 。 -
( 2 ) on the leading edge, the film cooling effectiveness at the zone immediately downstream of the cooling holes is affected by blowing ratio and mainstream reynolds number, while the effects are not important in the downstream zone far from the cooling holes. ( 3 ) on the front half of pressure surface, the effectiveness increases with decreasing blowing ratio at the downstream near the cooling row and it is contrary at the downstream far from the cooling row. ( 4 ) on the rear pare of the pressure surface, the effectiveness decreases with increasing blowing ratio and does not vary so much downstream in the cases of higher blowing ratio
研究結果表明葉片吸力面端壁附近區域壓力系數分佈呈現出較強的三維特性，動葉吸力面尤其明顯；氣膜孔流量系數隨吹風比的增加而增大，在高吹風比情況下，流量系數逐漸趨于常數；在不同型面區域，冷卻效率分佈有較大的差異，而且吹風比與主流雷諾數的影響程度也不盡相同；低吹風比下，孔出口下游附近可以得到較好的冷卻，中、高吹風比下，冷氣射流在加速流動主流的作用下返回壁面進行二次冷卻，孔下游較遠區域可以得到較好的冷氣覆蓋。 -
The effects of blow ratio and rows on film cooling effectiveness and heat transfer coefficient was studied
研究了吹風比、孔排等因素對氣膜冷卻效果和換熱系數的影響。 -
Touch on developing large - flow and high - pressure ratio impressor and large - enthalpy drop turbine, reducing harmful emission, solving the major problems of high - temperature blade material, cooling, protective coating and single - grain blade casting, and comfirm some important manufacturing techniques
涉及了開發大流量高壓比壓氣機、大焓降渦輪，降低有害排放量，解決高溫葉片的材料、冷卻、保護塗層及單晶葉片鑄造等主要問題，並確認了一些關鍵的製造技術。 -
The tbzre glass has great forming ability, which can form glassy body under relative slow cooling ratio. moreover, the technique of glass ' s annealing is easy. the npre - 1 glass has strong viscosity
其中亞碲酸鹽玻璃（ tbzre ）成玻能力強，在較慢的冷卻速率下也能得到非晶玻璃；且退火工藝簡單，退火溫度下保持一小時后再冷卻到室溫即可。 -
3 the design theories of cooling pipe of play down internal temperature of mass concrete about diameter, length, arrange method, rate of flow, current velocity, reduce heat time, temperature disparity to in and out, reduce heating result etc. 4 the theory of influence about concrete internal temperature and concrete crack because of transform of mixture ratio and pulverized fuel ash sophisticate quantity
西安建築科技大學博士生論文一;一;一一『一一一3降低大體積混凝土內部溫度常用的冷卻水管的管徑、長度、布置方法、水流量、流速、降溫時間、進出水口的溫差、降溫效果等的設計計算理論。 4配合比及摻加料對混凝土內部溫度和混凝土開裂的影響理論。 -
Discuses doas ' demand to fresh air humidity ratio and model by rotary wheel removing moisture load, and analyses its scheme and energy consumption of dons by rotary wheel removing moisture load based on solar energy regeneration, and result shows a 30 % energy saving comparing to cooling dehumidification, and it can supply cooling capacity freely when using directly underground water or cooling tower supplying cooling capacity during transition season periods
討論了獨立新風系統對新風送風含濕量的要求和除濕轉輪承擔系統濕負荷的方案，分析了基於太陽能再生的轉輪除濕獨立新風系統空氣處理過程及能耗，結果顯示與直接冷卻除濕的獨立新風系統相比節能30 % ，在直接利用地下水供冷或在過渡季節使用冷卻塔供冷的情況下則可以達到免費供冷的目的。 -
Evaporative cooling has been regarded as a new cooling technology on hydro - generator, and it not only could increase the ratio of material utilization and reduce the difficulties of making large - scale hydro - generators, the running difference in temperature, the stress of the generator ' s stator and the possibilities of the incidental occurrences, but also has better performance than internal water cooling
蒸發冷卻作為水輪發電機的一種新型冷卻技術，不僅可以提高材料利用率，減小特大型發電機製造難度，降低發電機定子繞組運行溫差和發電機定子的應力，減少事故隱患，更重要的是蒸發冷卻比水內冷具有更好的優越性。 -
And then, some improvements have been made on the old single tube pressure wave refrigerator experimental system. the experimental research, such as the ratio of gas charge time to gas exhaust time ( ), the frequency of the jet flow ( f ), the ratio of the expansion ( ), the length of the tube ( l ) and the heat transfer condition, has been carried out on the improved experimental system. the results were drawn as the following : the refrigerating efficiency will be heightened by augmenting when is in 0. 0405 to 0. 1842 ; the highest cooling efficiency will be
實驗考察了有關因素對製冷效率和最佳射流頻率（ fopt ）的影響並進行了理論分析，結果表明，在= 0 . 0405 ~ 0 . 1842范圍內，製冷效率（ ）隨的增大而提高;隨射流頻率（ f ）的變化出現多個峰值，在本文實驗參數范圍內下，第二個峰值點的效率比第一個峰值點高;隨著膨脹比（ ）的增大，和fopt都略有增大，且低下的增幅比高下的大;強化管外換熱，可使fopt降低、明顯提高。 -
When the underground water is used, its energy - efficiency ratio can reach higher than 5, which will save 40 70 operational cost compared with a common wind cooling combination
採用地下水時，能效比達到5以上，比普通風冷機組節省運行費用40 70 。 -
Under a fixed bigger expansion ratio, the cooling performance of the vortex tube increases with the increase of the inlet pressure
膨脹比為3時，進口壓力的增加基本不影響渦流管的製冷性能，而膨脹比為6時，隨著進口壓力的增加，渦流管的製冷性能顯著提高。 -
The experiment results show that the cooling performance of the vortex tube keeps unchanged under a fixed lower expansion ratio, with the increase of the expansion ratio, the effect of the inlet pressure on the cooling performance of the vortex tube is becoming remarkable
實驗結果表明：對于常溫渦流管，在較小的膨脹比下，進口壓力的改變對渦流管的製冷性能沒有顯著的影響；隨著膨脹比的增加，進口壓力的改變對渦流管製冷性能的影響也變得越來越顯著。 -
Above all, the surface of the gas turbine blade including stator and rotor heat transfer coeficience with no film cooling hole was studied with the main stream reynolds number of 150000, 200000 50000, 300000, 350000, 400000. then, the heat transfer coefficience when all cooling holes opened and only one cooling hole opened was studied partly. and it ' s studied how the mainstream reynolds number, blowing ratio and the position of holes affect the heat transfer coefficience of the surface of blade
對導葉和動葉，都是先研究了在150000 ， 200000 ， 250000 ， 300000 ， 350000 ， 400000雷諾數下，沒有氣膜冷卻時的表面換熱系數分佈，然後研究了氣膜孔全打開和只打開單排孔時的表面換熱系數分佈曲線，重點研究來流雷諾數，吹風比和不同孔位出流對換熱系數分佈的影響規律。 -
Firstly, for jet array impingement cooling, the effects of the distance of adjacent holes, the impinging distance and jet reynolds number on heat transfer characteristic at the target wall are summarized under staggered holes arrangement and the same hole diameter. and then, the numerical simulation of inclined multi - hole film cooling has been studied. the influence factors examined in this case include blowing ratio and the distance of adjacent holes
首先通過對射流沖擊冷卻方式的研究，分析了相鄰孔間距、沖擊間距以及射流入口雷諾數對沖擊靶面換熱系數的影響情況，然後對多斜孔冷卻方式進行了數值模擬，重點探討了吹風比和相鄰孔間距對絕熱溫比與壁面換熱系數的影響規律，最後，針對沖擊-發散復合冷卻流場的計算物理模型，研究吹風比、相鄰孔間距的變化對沖擊-發散復合冷卻流動與傳熱特性的影響。 -
Effect of temperature ratio on the film cooling with the rotation
旋轉狀態下溫度比對氣膜與主流摻混區域的影響 -
In chapter 2, research on principles of exergy anaiysis in air - conditioning lead to a new selection of dead - state and proper evaluation of air - conditioning process with exergy effectiveness and exergy efficiency ratio. the conversion of available energy in different evaporative cooling processes is analyzed and evaluated in chapter 3. as results, exergy of moist air is suggested to be evaporative cooling potential and regenerative evaporative cooling will be most potential in effectively utilizing the available energy
第三章對蒸發冷卻過程能量及有用能轉換關系進行了研究，闡明了濕空氣（火用）作為蒸發冷卻潛力的合理性，對蒸發冷卻方案的（火用）分析評價指出了各種蒸發冷卻方式的適用性與合理的使用原則以及提高蒸發冷卻過程有用能利用率的發展方向。
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