design reference period 中文意思是什麼
design reference period
解釋
設計基準期-
4. the seismic dynamic reliabilities of the nanjing changjiang tunnel were analyzed, and its dynamic reliable and disable probabilities under the 7 degree earthquake were obtained, by using the maximum stochastic responses and the first overstress mechanism. in the other hand, the probability of serious seismic intensity and its probability distribution function were calculated by analyzing the seismic degree, and the seismic dynamic reliable and disable probabilities of the tunnel in its design reference period were calculated by using the maximum stochastic responses and the first overstress mechanism
4採用最大隨機地震響應和首超破壞理論分析了隧道抗震動力可靠度，得到了隧道在七度地震作用下的地震動力可靠概率和失效概率；並通過對南京長江隧址的地震危險性分析，得到了各烈度地震的發生概率及其概率分佈函數，在此基礎上，分別採用最大響應和首超破壞理論計算了隧道在設計基準期內的安全概率和失效概率。 -
A reasonable program and a theoretical model are provided for the practical design and debug of the fluid drive system of sugarcane mill so as to shorten its design period, and a reference for study of others hydraulic system of the equipment in the sugar - refinery
針對糖廠實際特點提出了一個設計方案。本論文給甘蔗壓榨機液壓驅動系統的實際設計與研究工作提供了參考方案與理論依據，為糖廠其它設備採用液壓驅動系統的研究與分析提供了借鑒。 -
Floor space of buildings completed ： refers to the floor space of buildings that are completed in the reference period in accordance with the requirements of the design, up to the standard for putting them into use, and have been checked and accepted by concerned departments as qualified ones
房屋建築竣工面積：指在報告期內，按照設計所規定的工程內容全部完成，達到了設計規定的交工條件，經有關部門檢查驗收鑒定合格的房屋建築面積。 -
In view of the construction peculiarity of non - bracket construction trait of y - shape pier upper plate beam in goughexin road viaduct project, the author uses the beam - rod finite element to calculate the whole construction period by steps, compares the result with engineering practice, and finally proves, the calculation can offer reference for the construction and design of non - bracket upper plate beam
摘要針對共和新路高架橋y型墩上蓋梁無支架的施工特點，採用梁桿單元，對上蓋梁施工過程的各工況進行了分步計算，並與現場測試結果進行比較， ?上蓋梁無支架施工設計提供依據。 -
The choice dam type is especial importance, during the designed research of the rock - fill dam, particular under the rock - fill dam with very deeply cover layer, the stress and strain of the middle wall and cutting interpenetration wall of the dam foundation is mostly sensitive, whether the. design of dam is scientific and reasonable, it is very important for cutting interpenetration and stability of the dam, the article offer the reference for the design of cutting interpenetration in the foundation with deep cover with earth the water conservancy in xiaban zone, based on the study and analysis the design of cutting seep in the foundation with deep cover with earth, cutting interpenetration concrete wall and the joining model of cutting interpenetration material in body of dam and the applying effect in the practical worko based on the foundation which absorbed and summarize the achievement of design and research in the inter and outer country, for the project of the clay vertical middle wall and vertical cutting interpenetration, the asphalt concrete vertical middle wall and vertical cutting interpenetration the clay inclined middle wall and the lever carpet layer cutting interpenetration, respectively in terms of the different stage of complete period sluice period and working condition, adopting nonlinear calculate and analysis with the finite element method ; carrying the analysis and study with the 3d finite element method as to the different joining model of the left bank high slope cutting interpenetration body and the foundation concert cutting interpenetration wall ; carrying the analysis and study with the 3d finite element method as to the effect of the wall stress and strain because of the different elasticity modulus of the concert cutting interpenetration wall through the analysis and study with the different project. have comparatively all - around comprehended the various model dam, particular the distribute rule of stress and strain of the cutting interpenetration system, provide for the important evidence of the plastic area size the join model of the foundation cutting interpenetrate wall and dam body cutting interpenetrate system the choice of the dam model and the design of the structure of the dam body, the result of research and advice have very importance value in design and building for the similarity project
工程設計中，壩型的選取顯得尤為重要，特別對于壩基有深厚覆蓋層的堆石壩，心墻和壩基防滲墻的應力和變形是壩體、壩基最敏感的部位，設計方案是否安全、科學和合理，對大壩防滲和穩定起到至觀重要的作用。本文研究分析了國內外深厚覆蓋層基礎防滲設計、壩基混凝土防滲墻與壩體防滲體銜接形式及工程實際應用效果，為下坂地水利樞紐工程深厚覆蓋層基礎防滲設計的方案選擇提供了參考；在吸收和歸納了國內外堆石壩的設計研究成果的基礎上，對粘土心墻和壩基垂直防滲方案、瀝青混凝土心墻和壩基垂直防滲方案以及粘土斜心墻和壩基水平鋪蓋防滲方案，分別按竣工期和蓄水運行期的不同工作情況進行了有限元非線性計算分析；對左岸高陡邊坡的大壩防滲體與基礎混凝土防滲墻的不同結合型式進行了三維有限元靜力計算分析和研究；對混凝土防滲墻不同彈性模量對墻體應力和變位的影響進行了三維有限元靜力計算分析和研究。通過對不同方案的計算分析和研究，比較全面的了解了各方案壩體，尤其是防滲體的應力和變形分佈規律，為壩型選擇、壩體結構設計、基礎防滲墻與壩體防滲體的結合型式以及塑性區大小的確定提供了重要依據。 -
Refers to the floor space of buildings that are completed in the reference period in accordance with the requirements of the design, up to the standard for putting them into use, and have been checked and accepted by concerned departments as qualified ones
指在報告期內房屋建築按照設計要求全部完工，達到了住人和使用，經驗收鑒定合格，正式移交使用單位的房屋建築面積。 -
Firstly, for normal high building, second - class measurement could meet the needs of sinking survey ; secondly, the location of survey should be based on the design drawing and choosing the first structure layer as a survey period ; thirdly, the arrangement of the results of sinking survey should be regular and accurate by a certain person, and if there is problem present, it should be solved or done away with in time ; finally, the results of building sinking survey should be fed back in time to survey, design and construction units as reference for the next project
首先對一般的高層建築物來說，只需二等水準測量即可滿足沉降觀測的要求；其次，對于沉降觀測點及觀測的周期，通常要按照設計圖紙的要求布設觀測點，觀測的周期一般以一個結構層為一個觀測周期；第三，對沉降觀測結果的整理，要定期定人及時準確，發現問題要及時解決處理；最後，建築物沉降觀測的結果要及時反饋給勘察、設計和施工單位，為下一步的勘察、設計和施工提供可靠的參考依據。 -
Making use of the mathematical statistics analysis, probability distributions and statistical parameters of the sustained and transient quality of residential floor live load is studied. thereby the distributed models and parameters of the sustained live load and the transient live load on residential floor are obtained at design reference period t = 50 years and t = 100 years
利用數理統計方法，研究了典型住宅結構樓面持久性活荷載和臨時性活荷載的概率分佈和統計參數，建立了設計基準期t = 50年和t = 100年時樓面持久性活荷載和樓面臨時性活荷載的概率分佈模型，並確定了模型參數。 -
Suggestion the design reliability index of high - speed railway cwr dynamic stability to be settled 4. 2 by quoting a renewal process model and first - passage failure criterion, the analysis method of cwr dynamic stability in design reference period is proposed. the reliability of high - speed railway cwr dynamic stability is analyzed. its result is compared with quasi - static analysis method and random simulation analysis method
基於反應更新過程模型和隨機過程跨越理論，提出了無縫線路穩定性動力可靠度的分析方法，分析了高速鐵路無縫線路穩定性動力可靠度，並與隨機模擬法、擬靜力法的計算結果進行了對比分析。 -
The wind speed of reference period is determined by the local primitive data. a method is introduced that determine the wind speed of reference period through short - term wind data such as 3 to 5 years. it provides an evidence for wind - resistant design of the area that lack of long - term wind data
設計基準期參考風速的確定離不開原始風速資料，對缺乏長期風速資料的地區，給出了一種通過當地短期（ 3 - 5年）的風速資料推算設計基準期參考風速的方法，為抗風設計提供依據。 -
The failure mode and the design reference period of the steel rail are discussed, and the steel rail ' s performance function at limit state is established too
討論了鋼軌的失效模式和設計基準期，建立了鋼軌極限狀態方程的功能函數。 -
Statistic relationship between water / cement ratio and chloride diffusion coefficient was gained by experiment, based on which the influence of concrete cover, water / cement ratio and design reference period on structural reliability was discussed. 2. there are two models provided to predict remaining service life
通過試驗確定了水灰比與氯離子擴散系數之間的統計關系，在此基礎上分析了海洋環境下混凝土保護層厚度、水灰比、設計基準期等與耐久性有關的非承載力因素對設計基準期內結構可靠性的影響。 -
In order to achieve the whole target that the design reference period is heightened from 50 years to 100 years, the old residential load data should be updated in a large scale, which is an important fundamental work to the study and design of structural reliability
適應于住宅結構設計基準期從50年提高到100年的總體攻關目標要求，大規模更新住宅荷載基礎數據，是開展結構可靠度研究與可靠度設計的重要基礎工作。 -
First, this paper analyzes the principle of the snubber circuit of igbt inverter in detail, and the parameter of the snubber circuit components are derived. it also analyzes the twice voltage peak of the snubber circuit during the period of turnoff and discusses the impact of the parameter of the snubber circuit components on the waveform of turnoff. the reference materials for the snubber circuit design are proivided theoretically in this paper. futhermore. it analyzes a soft switching circuit that suits pulse power supply
本文首先從理論上詳細分析了igbt逆變橋緩沖電路的工作原理，推導出緩沖電路各元件的參數計算公式，分析了緩沖電路在關斷過程中的兩次電壓尖峰，討論了緩沖電路各元件參數對關斷電壓波形的影響，為緩沖電路的設計提供了理論上的依據。
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