difference-in-difference 中文意思是什麼

difference-in-difference 解釋
倍差法
  • difference : n. 1. 差異，差別。2. 不和，爭論。3. 【數學】差，差額。4. 【邏輯學】特殊性。vt. 〈罕用語〉區別，使有差別。
  • in : adv 1 朝里，向內，在內。 A coat with a furry side in有皮裡子的外衣。 Come in please 請進來。 The ...
  1. Two stars have the same absolute magnitude. one is thousand times farther away than the other. what is the difference in apparent magnitudes ? which magnitude larger

    兩顆星具有相同的絕對星等，其中的一顆比另一顆距離遠1000倍，它們的目視星等有何不同？哪一個的星等數值大？
  2. 1. ecological effects of long - term organophasphate pesticides contamination on soil microflora the long - term effects of organophosphate pesticides contamination on soil microflora were investigated in the present study. little difference in total counts of bacteria, actinomycetes and fungi was observed between the contaminated and the non - contaminated soil. compared with the control there were a slight decrease in total counts of free - living nitrogen - fixer and denitrifying bacteria and a significant increase in those of ammonifying and ammonia - oxidizing and nitrifying _ bacteria in the methylparathion contaminated soil

    一、甲基對硫磷長期污染對土壤微生物的生態學效應研究了有機磷農藥甲基對硫磷長期污染對土壤微生物的影響，實驗表明：土壤細菌、放線菌、真菌總的數量影響不大；自生固氮菌和反硝化細菌數量減少；氨化細菌、亞硝化細菌、硝化細菌的數量在污染土壤中卻有所增加；與對照土壤相比，污染土壤呼吸作用下降了29 . 93 ；氨化作用和硝化作用強度得到增強。
  3. The cuhk and the hospital authority ( ha ) have organized a special service for those who have a medical indication for refractive surgery ( lasik ) - severe myopia ( 8 diopters or more ) ; anisometropia, or a difference in refractive error more than 3 diopters between the two eyes ; and those who have had past corneal surgery such as cornea transplant

    香港中文大學及醫管局合作提供有限度矯視手術服務（ lasik ）予有特別需要的病人深近視（ 800度或以上） 、鴛鴦眼（雙眼屈光度數相差300度或以上）或曾接受角膜手術例如角膜移植手術。
  4. Relative physiological and biochemical features of redifferentiation difference in three types of calli subculture in anthurium andraeanum

    花燭愈傷組織不同繼代培養的再分化差異
  5. It is as follows : the overlay of endowment insurance is narrow, the most individual indust - - ries, the private enterprise and non - agriculture persons still have not brought into the current endowment insurance system ; the levy level descends, the phenomenon of arrearage still cannot be forbidden ; the level of orchestration is low and lack of adjustment necessarily ; " the difference in amount appropriates different insurance fee " the problem still exists ; the retirement age is so early " the phenomenon of reti - - rement in advance is more serious ; the degree of socialization is low, the onus of the state - owned enterprise is overweight and so on

    主要表現在；養老保險覆蓋面窄，大多數個體工商戶和私營企業以及非農業人員還沒有那入到現行的養老保險體系；征繳水平下降，欠費現象屢禁不止；統籌層次低，缺乏必要的調劑； 「差額繳撥」問題依然存在；退休年齡鍋灶， 「提前退休」現象比較嚴重；社會化程度低，國有企業負擔過重等諸多方面。
  6. Abstract : based on a numbers piled up for varies resources ( labor, materials, mechines ) in neuron plan, a composed distribution for various resources was obtained. then, using time difference and quantities of materials, the best selected work and time started as astrictive conditions, the best optimum distribution which satisfied variou resources in difference optimodel and astrictive conditions was got

    文摘:將多種資源（人工、材料、機械）的數量同時在神經網路計劃技術上實行數字化疊加，從而獲得多資源疊加的合成分佈，再利用神經網路計劃技術中各個工作的不同時差和資源數量，按收斂條件選擇最佳開工工作和開工時間，滿足多種資源在優化模式中按收斂條件進行最優分佈
  7. We recently visited a real race track to watch some racing, and something that struck us was the difference in the burble of every car that zoomed past

    我們最近拜訪了真實的賽車場，然後看了幾場比賽，我們可以說，真的跟真的一樣了!
  8. There are hints that difference in the type and degree of cementation can be related to specific environments.

    有一些跡象說明膠結類型和膠結程度的差異可與特定環境聯系起來。
  9. The seven years' difference in our ages lay between us like a chasm.

    我們相差七歲，這象深淵般地把我們隔開了。
  10. Cytochrome b dna sequence difference in species identity

    基因的序列差異
  11. The process of initial culture showed quite difference in various hostas. h. ventricosa and h. " so sweet " were easier, while h. " frances williams " and h. " gold standard " were difficult. using shoot tip ( peak bud ) as explant was proved the effective method for improving survival ratio when hostas would defoliate or have defoliated in autumn or winter rather than in summer

    玉簪屬不同種類的組培初代建立存在著一定的差異，如h . ventricosa和h . 『 sosweet 』較容易建立，而h . 『 franceswilliams 』和h . 『 goldstandard 』比較困難；應在冬季玉簪屬植物將要落葉或已落葉后取莖尖（頂芽）進行初代建立，最好避開夏季，來提高初代建立的成活率。
  12. The elementary idea of the reference units method can be described as follows : firstly, by the setting of double series of reference units, we can control the highest and lowest land quality class of each village or town ; secondly, the class of the arable land will be get through the contrast between the arable land with the reference unit which has been selected in the same area, the difference in quality is the key factor to classify the land. the results show, 87. 6 % of the lands from i to iii distribute on alluvial and lacustrine plains, where the associated soils are mainly grey fulvo - aquic and calcareous concretions black ones. and 61. 4 % of them from iv to vi distribute on slightly rolling parts with mainly yellow - cinnamon soil developed from the diluvial and slope deposits

    分等結果表明：臥龍區等的耕地中，有87 . 6分佈在沖積、湖積平原區，主要土壤類型是在河流沖積物上發育形成的灰潮土、在湖相沉積物上發育形成的砂姜黑土；等耕地中，有61 . 4分佈在壟崗區，主要土壤類型是洪坡積物上發育形成的黃褐土：而、等耕地集中分佈在丘陵區，主要土壤類型是殘坡積物上發育形成的粗骨性黃褐土，等別結果分佈總體上體現了不同地貌類型、土壤條件下耕地質量的差異。
  13. The eliminative speed also had difference in different tissues. t1 2b was the highest in the spleen, then in the liver and kidney

    稀土進入組織后消除速度也因組織不同而有所差異，消除半衰期以脾最高、其次是肝和腎。
  14. ( 3 ) the chromosomes obtained by air - drying and chromosomes from the silkworm genital gland are similar in shape. but the numbers and the length of the chromosomes are obviously different. the chromosomes obtained from the genital gland have little difference in length, while the chromosomes of bmn cell are different in length very much

    但是，在染色體的數目上有顯著的差異。另外，染色體間的長短差別也非常明顯。由家蠶生殖腺得到的減數分裂中期染色體和胚胎得到有絲分裂的中期染色體，其染色體長短差異不明顯，而binn細胞的中期染色體長短非常不一致，差異非常顯著。
  15. The penetration test study the disturbance of soil in difference location. by using finite element method, the paper study the stratum movement and the earth surface deformation caused by pipe jacking, analysis the construction parameter such as head pressure, deflexion, friction force impact on earth surface deformation, give the distributing rule and range of additional soil pressure in soil

    採用有限元計算分析的方法，對頂管施工引起的地層運動及地表位移進行研究，分析了機頭土壓力、機頭偏斜、摩阻力等不同施工參數對地表變形的影響以及附加應力在土中的分佈規律和影響范圍。
  16. He was sure that the addition of a high-level gm man to our team at ford would make a big difference in the next few years.

    他表示相信，在我們福特公司的班子里增加一位通用汽車公司的高級人員在今後幾年裡會使情況大大改觀。
  17. Over pumping of ground-waters produces a difference in hydrostatic head in favor of the seawater.

    過量抽取地下水時，產生利於海水的流體靜力學水位差。
  18. In order to find replacer for metronidazole and drug selection. some diesters or esters of acids containing nitrogen with metronidazole were designed and synthesized, which have difference in water - solubility. metronidazole was reacted with the corresponding amino or imino multi - carboxylic acid compounds in the presence of acetic anhydride or thionyl chloride or dcc. the intermediate of nitrilotriacetic acid with ac

    為尋找羥乙基甲硝唑的替代物，分別採用酸酐法酰氯法或dcc法，將氨基羧酸與羥乙基甲硝唑反應，得到5個親水性不同的單酯或二酯，用ms譜確證了次氨基三乙酸與乙酸酐反應的中間物，並對得到的酯的
  19. This article gets going from reviewing the meaning and development of credit and contrasts traditional thoughts and cultural of credit in the west and in the east to explain the history of credit in the west and in the east, which shows us that there are not only intercommunity and also difference caused by difference in background of cultural and idea of value. this settles a base for the article and is a character of it

    本文從考察信用的含義以及信用文明的產生和發展出發，比較了東西方傳統的信用思想和信用文化，分別介紹了東西方個人信用制度發展的歷史，說明信用在東西方不僅具有共同性，也由於文化背景和價值理念的不同而具有各自的特點，為本文的寫作奠定了思想和理論基礎，是本文的特點之一。
  20. In lotic water, there were no significant difference in number of species and individuals between quantitative ( surber net ) and semi - quantitative ( kick sampling ) samples, although more species and individuals were collected by semi - quantitative than quantitative sampling. in lentic water, the significant difference was existed in the number of species ( z = - 2. 032, p < 0. 05 ), but it showed no significant difference in individuals between quantitative and semi - quantitative ( d - frame net ) samples. 2

    急流棲境中，半定量樣本（踢網樣）的個體數和種類數通常高於定量樣本（索伯網樣） ，但種類數無顯著差異；靜水-緩流棲境中，半定量樣本（ d形抄網樣）的個體數和種類數一般也高於定量樣本，且種類數有顯著差異（ z = - 2 . 032 ， p 0 . 05 ） 。
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