discontinuous systems 中文意思是什麼
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First, three isozymic systems ( lactate dehydrogenase ( ldh ), esteraes ( est ), malate dehydrogenase ( mdh ) ) extracted from threepopulations of mandarinfishes were detected by discontinuous vertical plate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis ( page ). several loci were tested but none polymorphic locus was detected in qiupu river population. the results showed that : ldh can be used as biochemical markers to identify these three populations of mandarinfishes
首先，本試驗採用聚丙烯酰胺凝膠電泳（ page ）對我省三個水域鱖魚群體3種同工酶（ ldh 、 est 、 mdh ）的不同基因座位進行了檢測，結果表明： ldh同工酶可以作為區分秋浦河鱖魚、長江鱖魚兩個群體與萬佛湖鱖魚群體的生化遺傳標記；其次，運用rapd技術分析了三群體鱖魚的基因組dna的多態性。 -
The dissertation refers to comparatively full literatures in the field of vsc, and the development history and characteristics of vsc are summarized, and the elementary concepts, elementary definitions, elementary properties, elementary principles and design methods are particularly introduced, and the causes of the chattering phenomenon are systematically analysed, and the study status of the chattering phenomenon and the main methods to eliminate the chattering are elaborated. for the deficiencies of traditionary methods, three improved methods are developed, which are improved exponent reaching law solution, variable boundary layer solution and the solution by adding an auxiliary continuous control term. for uncertain linear systems, an adaptive fuzzy integral variable structure control stategy ( afivsc ) is put forward to eliminate the chattering around the sliding plane, which introduces fuzzy logic to soften the non - linear discontinuous sig nal in the control variable and utilizes adaptive theory to adjust output membership function according to how much the uncertainty of the system is
比較全面地查閱了關于變結構控制理論的文獻，總結了滑模變結構控制的發展歷史和特點，詳細介紹了變結構控制的基本概念、基本定義、基本性質、基本原理以及設計方法；系統分析了變結構控制系統抖振產生的機理，並闡述了國內外目前對抖振問題的研究現狀以及消除抖振的主要方法；針對傳統抑制和消除抖振方法的不足，改進了傳統方法，得到了三種新的消除抖振的方法? ?即改進的指數趨近律法、可變邊界層法和附加連續項法；針對不確定性線性系統，在變結構控制策略中引入模糊邏輯和自適應理論來消除滑動平面上的抖振，提出了一種自適應模糊積分變結構控制方案（ afivsc ） ，利用模糊邏輯來柔化控制量中非線性不連續部分，採用自適應理論，根據系統不確定性大小在線調整模糊輸出量的隸屬函數，另外，鑒于模糊控制本質上是有靜差的，所以本文選擇了帶積分項的切換函數，由於積分項的存在使系統較正為無靜差系統。 -
In recent years considerable attentions were paid on the discontinuous conservative systems
近年來不連續的保守系統引起了相當的注意。
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