diversity gain 中文意思是什麼
diversity gain
解釋
分集增益-
Cryptic species have been found in a wide range of marine organisms ; with majority of them are benthic invertebrates. in contrast, marine holoplanktons are thought to have lower diversity and slow speciation due to their strong dispersal potential. this paper reviewed studies on cryptic species and speciation in marine holoplankton. based on findings in 38 studied taxa, it was concluded that : 1 ) cryptic species are pervasive in marine holoplankton, suggesting holoplankton speciation was more active than previously thought ; 2 ) current morphospecies diversity is untenable to reflect true species diversity in marine holoplankton ; 3 ) geographic isolation may facilitate cryptic speciation of marine holoplankton. however, contribution of allopatric speciation is still questionable ; 4 ) ecological speciation may be the prevailing speciation mode in marine holoplankton. cryptic speciation in marine holoplankton is paradoxical, because rapid speciation under strong gene flow is countertuitive. solution of this paradox will help us gain deep insights of marine speciation and biodivesity
隱種廣泛存在於各類海洋生物中，尤其是底棲無脊椎動物.然而，海洋終生浮游生物由於具有較強的擴散能力，往往被視為生物多樣性低、物種形成慢.本文就海洋終生浮游生物隱種與物種形成的研究作一綜述.基於研究的38個種類，結果表明: 1 ）海洋終生浮游生物普遍存在隱種，其物種形成要比想象得快; 2 ）由於引種的廣泛存在，形態種生物多樣性無法反映海洋終生浮游生物真正的物種多樣性; 3 ）地理隔離有助於海洋終生浮游生物隱種的形成，但異域物種形成的作用仍值得商榷; 4 ）生態物種形成很可能是海洋終生浮游生物物種形成的主流模式.海洋終生浮游生物強基因流下快速的物種形成有悖于生物進化常理，解決該悖論將有助於我們對海洋物種形成和生物多樣性的理解 -
The characters of this antenna lie in three points : using yagi - uda antenna to obtain antenna gain through the radial direction ; making full use of the space of the base station along the z - axis direction to get array gain ; arranging the antenna array properly to achieve pattern diversity in azimuth plane
其特點集中體現在三個方面:在天線徑向通過八木天線的形式獲得增益;充分利用基站空間在z向組成陣列獲取陣列增益;利用開關八木天線方向圖可重構的特性，通過合理的布局，在方位面內實現角度分集。 -
Space - time codes can be divided into tree mainly parts : bell layered space - time architecture ( blast ), space - time trellis codes ( sttc ) and space - time block codes ( stbc ). in this paper, we mainly compare the performance of blast and stbc in many aspects, such as design criterion, transmission rate, diversity gain, diversity combining, bit error rate and channel capacity etc. in this paper, we first respectively analysed the instantaneous received symbol energy - to - noise ratio of v _ blast in the diversity combining methods of maximal ratio combining ( mrc ), equal gain combing ( egc ) and selective combing ( sc )
Mimo技術核心是空時編碼（ stc ） 。空時編碼主要分為三種:分層空時碼（ blast ） 、空時格碼（ sttc ）和空時塊碼（ stbc ） 。本文主要對分層空時碼和空時塊碼這兩種編碼方式在設計準則、傳輸速率、分集增益、接收合併、比特差錯率和通道容量等方面進行了較為詳盡的研究。 -
When the hieght of the printed font is great diversity, a thin slip should be used to put under the lower font in order to gain a flatter print
當版面的字體高低相差很大時，應以薄紙片墊在較低的字體下，以求取得較平的版面. -
Culture diversity such as peoples " assumptions, values and beliefs, communication and negotiation styles sometimes block the way of efficiency and accuracy of cross - cultural communication. in this dissertation, i try to explore the culture diversity in intercultural communication and the new area of intercultural competence training, focusing on the interpretation and analysis of the reason which cause culture conflict during the process of intercultural communication, as well as do some comparative study of intercultural communication training models in order to learn from the outside world and gain some experience in intercultural training in china
本文擬對跨文化交往中的文化差異這個在全球化浪潮中日益受到重視的話題作一番理論上的探討和實踐上的關注，並借鑒國外一些比較成熟的跨文化培訓模式，通過分析虛擬或真實情境的典型案例中的文化沖突的原因，挖掘出隱藏在其中的深層的文化意識，培養對文化差異的寬容和認同，找出矛盾解決的途徑。 -
" the festival gives us all the chance both to reflect on the great contribution of the chinese community to this country ' s success, prosperity and culture and how we all gain from the diversity of our society, " the british prime minister said in the message
他還在賀詞中說： 「這個節日給了我們思考華人團體對我們國家的興旺發展文化事業以及社會多樣性所做出的巨大貢獻的機會。 」國際在線獨家資訊王高山 -
Finally, some applications of the analysis, such as the computation of antenna selection and diversity gain, are discussed
最後討論了上述分析結果在mimo系統的天線選擇和分集增益計算方面的應用。 -
We propose the joint filterbank precoders and decision feedback equalizers structure at first, by which the dispersive channel is equivallent into parallel independent flat fading subchannels such that the diversity gain of the receiver is increased. then we adopt the discrete - time ( dt ) canonical model to convert the problem of blind signal processing of tv dispersive channels into processing the time - invariant multi - channels model blindly, and discuss the problem of blind equalization and identification of tv dispersive channels based on this new model
第一種是採用濾波器組聯合均衡方法將色散通道等價為一組獨立的平坦衰落子通道，以提高接收機的分集增益；另外一種是提出採用離散正則模型將時變色散通道的盲信號處理轉化為時不變多通道模型的盲信號處理，並針對該模型對時變色散通道的盲均衡與盲辨識方法進行了詳細討論。 -
This method can convert the dispersive channels into independent flat fading subchannels, so that it increase the diversity gain of the receiver and outperform that of the original paper as for the ber performance and maximum mutual information while maintaining all the advantages of it. in chapter 4, the models of the tv dispersive channels are reviewed in signal processing perspective
在第四章中，作者對時變色散通道的信號處理模型進行了研究，提出了離散正則模型的概念，對其進行了詳細的討論，並利用多采樣率理論將該模型推廣到一般的時變色散通道。 -
Although the structure of stbc decoding is very simple, it can achieve the same diversity gain as the method of mrc, and its use of the spectrum is very high. because of these advantages, sttb is referred into the 3gpp1
由於空時分組碼編譯碼器的結構相當簡單，卻能獲得與最大比合併相同的分集增益，並且它的頻譜利用率高，已經被引用到3gpp1中。 -
Analysis approach of ber performance for equal - gain diversity
等增益分集系統誤碼率性能分析 -
In detail, they are bit - interleaved coded modulation ( with iterative decoding ), low - density parity - check codes and stf technology. by the performance analysis of bicm ( - id ), which can make code and modulation optimal separately, and achieve maximum possible coding diversity as well as modulation gain, guidelines for its design and an easy algorithm for siso are proposed. design of capacity - approaching of ldpc codes and efficient encoding of them as well as several kinds of its decoding algorithms are investigated
具體的講，就是討論了基於比特交織的編碼調制技術，並給出了映射方式的設計準則以及核心模塊siso的一種簡單的f - map演算法；研究了編碼最小漢明距隨碼長線性增加的ldpc碼的幾個方面的問題，包括接近香農限碼子集的度分佈對的設計、有效編碼器的實現和各種譯碼演算法的優缺點，並對基於ldpc碼的bicm應用於ofdm傳輸系統中的性能進行了模擬。 -
Secondly, we present a new transmit diversity scheme with adaptive power allocation in which two antennas are employed at the transmitter, and the effect of the channel estimation error on its performance is also analyzed. theoretical analysis and simulation results indicate that the new scheme has a considerable performance gain and is robust to the estimate bias of channel fading parameters
其次，提出了在雙天線發送分集中對不同天線的發送功率進行優化分配的技術方案，並分析了通道估計誤差對其性能的影響，理論分析和模擬結果表明：在alamouti雙天線發送分集中採用自適應優化功率分配，不僅提高了系統的性能，還可以提高其對通道估計誤差的魯棒性。 -
This novel transmit diversity technique, which combines channel coding, modulation and signal processing at receive terminal, can make full use of the fading multi - path in the wireless communication systems so as to mitigate the signal attenuation. this technique is mainly designed to combat channel fading in downlink transmission by combining the technique of channel coding and that of array diversity, hence increasing the capacity of wireless communications systems and giving diversity gain and coding gain to them
基於多輸入輸出（ mimo ）的空時編碼技術是實現未來帶寬資源日益緊張的高速無線數據通信系統的重要技術，它結合了通道編碼、調制和接收端的信號處理，能夠充分利用無線通信通道中多散射體環境所造成的多徑，從而提供信號的抗衰落性能。 -
The diversity provides valuable reference for dis that will be set up in our country, from which we can gain a good deal of enlightenment, including that insurance fund should be abundant, the amount insured should be as low as possible, dig should n ' t be interfered by the government and premium received should fully embody the degree of risk
這種多樣性為我國存款保險制度的構建提供了有益的借鑒，從中我們可以得到許多重要的啟示，比如要有充裕的保險基金，保險金額要盡可能低，存款保險機構不應受到政府的干預，保費的收取應充分體現風險的大小等等。 -
A novel design of ofdm - based space - frequency codes is proposed such that the maximum achievable diversity gain is available
摘要提出了一種基於ofdm達到最大可達分集增益的空頻碼設計方案。 -
Spatial multiplexing and space diversity gain of a system can be extracted through mimo technique
多輸入多輸出（ mimo ）技術可以為系統提供空間復用增益和空間分集增益。 -
In view of the error diffusion in ccc - cdma, the multipath diversity algorithm is put forwards. the simulations show that the multipath diversity gain attains as much as l0db
指出了基於完全互補碼擴頻的多載波寬帶cdma系統中存在的一些問題，以及今後的努力方向。 -
Because using ofdm, a frequency - selective fading channel can be transformed into multiple frequency - flat fading sub - channels, in the coding process, spatial diversity ( due to multiple antennas ) is integrated with frequency diversity ( due to delay spread ), therefore, the proposed code can provide higher diversity gain than space - time code alone
該編碼利用正交頻分復用把頻率選擇性衰落通道變換成平衰落通道的特性，同時引入了基於多天線的空間分集和基於時延擴展的頻率分集，比空時編碼具有更高的分集增益。 -
The fourth part considered how to improve system performance by adopting transmission diversity in flat fading channels. in the traditional space - time trellis code design, the space diversity, time diversity and channel code are concerned together to get best space diversity, time diversity and code gain
傳統的空時格碼把空間分集、時間分集和前向糾錯編碼聯合設計，以n摘要獲得最大的空間分集、時間分集、通道編碼的增益。
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