down quark 中文意思是什麼
down quark
解釋
（物）下夸克-
There has been many papers to discuss the in - medium quark and gluon condensates in nuclear matter which use the models with su ( 2 ) l su ( 2 ) r sym - metry. now, we make use of the chiral model su ( 3 ) l su ( 3 ) n including the baryon octet to discuss the quark condensate < qq > in strange matter, where q is an up or down quark field. on the one hand, from the experimetal data, it is found that < qq > vac = - ( 225 25mev ) 3, on the other hand, with the hellmann - feynman theorem, quark condensate can be evaluated on the hadronic level. in this paper, we will investigate the quark condensate in strange matter with the chiral symmetry su ( 3 ) l x su ( 3 ) rspontaneous breaking lagrangian to obtain the variation of the quark condensate in the strange matter when the baryon number change. it can be applied to understand the neutron stars when the neutron star are considered to be constructed by the strange matter. because nertron stars are homogeneous and at very low temperature, we will use the mean - field approximation and zero temperature throughout this paper
鑒于已有大量文獻討論了核物質中的夸克凝聚，本文將討論在奇異物質中的夸克凝聚。而在介質中的夸克凝聚的基本公式可由hellmann - feynman理論導出，所以運用手征對稱自發破缺拉氏量以及平均場近似，我們就可以討論在奇異物質中的夸克凝聚，由所計算的結果表明： （ 1 ）奇異物質中的夸克凝聚隨奇異物質密度的增大而單調減小。 （ 2 ） -凝聚的出現對衰減率有影響。 -
Proton is, in turn, made up of two up quarks and one down quark. neutron is made up of two down quarks and one up quark
質子的內部是三粒夸克：兩粒上夸克和一粒下夸克uud中子的內部也是三粒夸克：一粒上夸克和兩粒下夸克udd 。
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