downward bias 中文意思是什麼
downward bias
解釋
偏低-
It was specially pointed out that, when the tail water is constant maximum tide, the computed flood surface is higher than that of nonsteady current, so there is some safety superelevation. underestimation of the roughness will make downward bias to compute along - river surface and bring hidden trouble for flood control. to improve the section can decrease the water level or offset the water rise for increase of floodplains " roughness, but it need much engineering works
特別提出，按照恆定流計算出來的設計水位比非恆定水位具有一定的安全儲備；而對于灘地糙率的低估又會造成設計水位的偏低，給防洪工作帶來隱患；如果利用改進斷面形式來降低水位或彌補糙率增加帶來的水位抬高，需要較大的工程量，所以平時應注意灘面的減糙管理工作。 -
Secondly, the ccpi was a laspeyres index, which had an upward bias, while the gdp deflator was a paasche index with a downward bias
，存在向上偏差而本地生產總值平減物價指數則屬于派氏指數 -
Rmb account of agreement saving is 72. 1 % occupied in bank account 。 along with bank rate ceaseless over the price these years, insurance fund profit rate is declined year after year : 4. 3 % in 2001, 3. 14 % in 2002. fund balance that insurance company can exercise last year is 799 hundred of million, the problem of downward bias efficiency in fund application is more and more extrusive, which impress directly on ability of payment and stability of management, it also concerns whether insurance business can persist and develop healthier
我國關于保險資金運用的重要性認識，在理論界和實務界並無異議且達成共識，但現行法規對此仍實行嚴格的管理， 2003年1月1日施行的新《中華人民共和國保險法》明確規定: 「保險公司的資金運用，限於在銀行存款、買賣政府債券、金融債券和國務院規定的其他資金運用形式。 -
Using the longest data and newey - west method, we do the empirical test. some interesting results are reported. from the 1, 242 regressions, chinese funds not only show no positive timing ability but also bias downward with certain significance
根據27個回歸方程的1 ， 242個回歸結果，我們得出的結論是:我國基金不具有正向時機選擇能力，整體表現出一定程度顯著的負向偏移的特徵。
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