economic ratio 中文意思是什麼
economic ratio
解釋
經濟配筋率-
The dissertation shows how a series of well - performing composite adsorbents that prepared by author suitable for the features of adsorption refrigeration are gained by using water and ethanol as cryogen ( adsorbate ), which cause no harm to body and environment. the performance of the working pairs of water or ethanol with the composite adsorbents in the refrigeration through adsorption and desiccant cooling are thoroughly examined by experiments. the dissertation also examines, through energy analysis, the refrigeration efficiency and utilization ratio of the adsorption refrigeration, and analyzes the economic potential of the adsorption air - conditioning
以對人體無傷害、對環境無污染的水和乙醇作為吸附製冷工質，研製出適合於吸附製冷特點的性能優良的一系列復合吸附劑；對水或乙醇與自製復合吸附劑組成的製冷工質對的吸附式製冷和吸附除濕製冷的性能進行了深入的實驗研究；用有效能分析方法討論了吸附製冷循環的製冷效率和能量的利用率；對吸附式空調的經濟性進行了分析。 -
This is a reasonable conservative ratio based on the economic results of many field trials conducted in china
這是根據在中國進行的許多大田試驗結果得到的合理而保守的產投比。 -
Far ( floor area ratio ) is an important index to reflect the quality of urban inhabitancy and the intensity of land use. it also signify the economic profit of land agent
城市住區中，建築容積率作為衡量居住質量的綜合性指標之一，也是影響開發商經濟利益的重要技術參數。 -
In an attempt for an economic evaluation of the p - residual effect the following producer prices for food crops in indonesia have been converted into us dollar ( using an average exchange ratio between indonesia rupiah and us $ of 1, 925 : 1 ) : 1 kg rice = 225 r, 1 kg maize = 175 r, 1 kg soybean = 700 r, 1 kg mungbean = 1, 200 r
為了對磷的殘效作嘗試性的經濟評價，下列印尼糧食作物產品價格被折成美元（印尼盧比與美元比率為1925 ： 1 ） ： 1公斤水稻= 225盧比， 1公斤玉米= 175盧比， 1公斤大豆= 700盧比， 1公斤綠豆= 1200盧比。 -
With the rapid development of the security stock market especially the stock market in chian ， issuing stock and circulating on market became the first choice of financing for more and more enterprise at the same time ， more and more investors are attracted by the relately high initial return of stock however ， the problem of ipos underpricing always exists in the stock market according to the data of more than one thousand chinese stocks ， most new issues had great raise in the first trade day ， and investors could acquire higher initial return than the average return of the stock market or the same industry we find that initial returns on a - share ipos average reached 132. 24 percent the main body of this paper is made up of six sections ： in the first part ， we introduced the method of the estimate of pricing decision ； in the second part ， we analyzed the method of the pricing decision and issuing system in china ， discussed the advantage and weakness of the various issuing methods ， and compared the economic efficiency between the examine and approve system and authorization system ； in the third part ， we analyzed the reason of ipo ' s underpricing in detail from information economics and other factors and combined with the environment of the chinese stock markets ， we analyzed the special characteristics in china and how they effect the ipo ' s underpricing in the fourth part ， we analyzed the data of chinese stock market with spss ， made a analysis of the administrative pricing decision and market pricing decision ， studied the underpricing phenomena of chinese stock market ， and analyzed it ' s causes ； in the fifth part ， we made a analysis of the examine approve system and authorization system ； and in the last part ， we drew some conclusions and put forth some policy advices the follow are the conclusions and policy advices in this dissertation ： （ 1 ） from the results of this empirical study ， we found that the issuing price - earning ratio and the market situation before ipos are strongly and positively associated with the underpricing of shares ， the issuing scale of ipo and the hit rate are strongly and negatively associated with the underpricing ； （ 2 ） we found that after the abolishing of ipo ' s p / e ratio and the using of authorization system ， there is no significant difference among the underpricing of shares ， but considered with the market entironment ， we think that the ipo ' s underpricing has been correspondingly reduced （ 3 ） to reduce difference between the primary market and the second market ， we suggested that we shall bring the " over - allotment option ( oao ) " to bear and resume the state - owned share and corporate - owned share to circulate on market as soon possible
本文的主體由六個部分組成：第一部分介紹新股發行定價的估值方法；第二部分對我國的發行定價方式和發行制度進行分析，探討不同發行定價方式的優缺點，以及審批制和核準制經濟效率分析；第三部分從信息經濟學角度和其他因素的角度詳細分析造成新股發行抑價的原因，並結合我國股票市場實際情況，分析了我國市場的特有因素是否及如何影響一級市場的發行抑價程度的；第四部分利用統計分析軟體spss對我國新股行政化和市場化定價進行實證分析，主要包括新股發行行政化和市場化定價方式的實施情況和效果分析、新股發行行政化定價方式的實證分析，以及新股發行行政化和市場化定價方式的比較實證分析；第五部分利用統計分析軟體spss對我國新股發行審批制和核準制進行實證分析；第六部分是本論文的主要結論。本文的主要結論和建議有： （ 1 ）從實證分析結果看，我國新股發行抑價與市場環境、發行市盈率呈顯著正向關系，與發行規模、申購中簽率等呈顯著反向關系。 （ 2 ）取消發行市盈率限制和實施核準制等市場化改革措施並沒有降低發行抑價的絕對水平，只是由於市場環境的因素，發行抑價的相對水平才有所降低。 -
Fourthly, under the structure of general equilibrium, it analyzes the speculative bubbles " impact on the economy with overlapping generation model which considers the technology advances and random real capital gain ratio. it not only introduces the achievements of foreign economists ( tirole, 1985, weil, 1987 ; blanchard and fisher, 1989 ) ; but also does the creative research on the movable economic efficiency during the transitional period
第四，在一般均衡框架下，採用具有技術進步和隨機實質資本投資收益內容提要率的跨時迭代模型研究投機泡沫對經濟的影響，推廣了國外經濟學家（五role ， 2955 ; weil ， 1957 : blanch出妞助dfisher ， 1989 ）的研究成果。 -
This paper investigates the relationship between nutrition intake and economic growth to provide useful insights for fao anti - hunger program. it addresses the question of how much economic growth is lost by a country that has undernourished people. real per capita gross domestic product, physical capital, protein intake, the openness index and the student - teacher ratio are investigated
作者通過上海市300個家庭問卷調查，發現人們對于轉基因食品的認知程度還比較低，普及農業生物科技知識非常必要;盡管消費者認為自己非常關注食品安全和營養問題，但在實際購買中，他們更多的考慮還是價格和收入 -
After the middle period in 1990 ' s, capital - labor ratio accelerates quickly, at the same time the invest efficiency gets worse depravation, the economy growth depends on excessively the fixed as sets investment, early capital deepening begins to affect our country ' s economic further growing
近年我國的「資本勞動比率」 「資本產出」比率變化情況表明，在20世紀90年代中後期，我國經濟中出現了資本密度加速上升現象。 -
Aiming at such problems in combustion system of homemade middle and miniature boiler, as a complex system with the character of dead zone, time variation, serious non - linearity, large time delay, coupling and a lot of disturbance, this paper presents a new set of optimal control resources. by using well - matched control method on system, stable automatic running is realized. having the serious divulgence coals difference a lot from each other in character, instability of chemistry, value of lowest emission of heat, home - made boiler controller is not at all ideal. instead of traditional model that controls the ratio based on proportional control or with the correct signal of the amount of oxygen, this paper, combined with intellect control theory - - fuzzy control and self - optimizing concept, propounded a kind of fuzzy self - optimizing controller to be used in air supplying system of the boiler, and expatiates on the idea of dividing the control process into two parts, dynamic and static to realize, thus meets the demand of homemade boiler economic running
本設計針對國產中、小型電站鍋爐燃燒系統參數時變、嚴重非線性、干擾因素復雜、耦合嚴重、模型不易確定的特點，提出多變量協調控制方案，解決了系統可控性差，難以實現穩定自動運行的問題；在此基礎上，改變以往以煙氣含氧量控制送風的傳統模式，針對國產電站鍋爐設備主體及一、二次送風迴路泄露嚴重，煤種混雜、成分不穩定、燃燒發熱值低、燃燒效率不高等問題，應用智能控制理論中的模糊控制技術，結合自尋最優控制的思想，設計了一種模糊自尋優控制器，應用在電站鍋爐送風控制系統上，並闡述了動靜態兩種實現途徑，通過在線優化風煤配比，實現最佳經濟燃燒，切實保障了鍋爐的經濟運行。 -
High burning heat ratio and low gas consumption. in comparison with traditional electric baker, it saves the power baker plus and power circuit cost, economic and practical
燃燒熱效率高且耗氣量少。與傳統電烤爐相比，可省去電力增容和配電線路等所需支出，經濟實用。 -
It is hedging transaction that realizes the risk transferring function because the economic logics lies in that futures price is the expectation of the spot price. with the portfolio theory of hedging, the definition of optimal hedge ratio, the standard model of optimal hedge ratio and the effect of hedging are discussed thoroughly
套期保值的經濟邏輯在於期貨價格是對現貨價格的未來預期，本文運用資產組合套期保值理論，對最佳套期保值率概念、最優套期保值率的標準模型、套期保值效果進行了分析。 -
Products function : put our “ sun shine ” brand carbon steel fiber evenly seep into concrete to form steel fiber reinforced concrete and it can decrease the thickness of reinforced concrete by half, it not only shorten the project time, save the material and manpower expense, bring distinct economic benefit, but also increase the performance of crack resistance, percussion resistance, tensile strength, bend resistance. scosspr resostamce amd wear resistance of the reinforced base materials. if the weight ratio of 2 % steel fiber seep into the concrete, it can solve the brittleness problem of the concrete, in the condition of 60 % ralative air humidity, after 21days air - dry, even 520 days air - dry, it ' s difficult to find any crack by eyesight, the bend resistance for the steel fiber concrete is 140 times stronger than the concrete without steel fiber, the capability of impact resistance increase 10 times
產品功能：將本公司「雙興」牌碳鋼纖維系列產品均勻地摻入混凝土中，形成鋼纖維增強混凝土，可使工程中鋼筋混凝土的施工厚度降低一半，不僅縮短了施工工期，節省了材料和人工費用，帶來顯著的經濟效益，且增強了基體的抗裂、抗沖擊、抗彎、抗剪、耐磨擦等性能，如摻入本公司2 %鋼纖維的混凝土，不僅解決了混凝土的脆性問題，在空氣相對濕度60 %的條件下風干21天後，甚至在風干520天，肉眼很難發現裂縫，摻入鋼纖維后的增強混凝土比不摻鋼纖維的混凝土抗彎強度提高140倍，耐沖擊荷載提高10倍。 -
Leaving the rated load, especially with low load and free running operation, ihe efficiency of turbocharger and ratio boost pressure decrease, leading to the shortage of air in cylinders and worsening of combustion, and the economic, power and exhaust performances deteriorate
當偏離標定點，尤其在低負荷和空轉工況工作時，增壓器效率降低，增壓壓力明顯下降，導致氣缸供氣不足，缸內燃燒不良，柴油機的經濟性能、動力性能和排放性能將嚴重惡化。 -
At last, i discusses the economic effect of crane utilization ratio
最後對集裝箱碼頭設備的利用率進行經濟性探討。 -
The model of this paper explores the links between the following factors and the credit rationing in china. the change of banks " attitude to credit risk may lead to credit rationing ; banks give much more emphasis on the trade cost and the payable value of collateral, which may give rise to credit rationing ; the decreasing of asset price during economic stagnation produces credit rationing ; the bias of banks " objective function from the maximization of profit and the transformation of the function relating to the reform of the financial system cause credit rationing ; if different parts of the whole markets are not integrated, the credit in the part with low capital return ratio will be rationed. during economic recession, banks tend to ration the credit in the high - risk market ; the removing of interest ceiling will narrow down the interest spread of deposit and credit at least during a period, which may strengthen credit rationing ; meanwhile, the vulnerable borrowers, including small and middle - sized enterprises, will get more credit from banks even though they have to pay a higher interest rate
論文的模型探討了下列因素和中國信貸配給現象之間的聯系：商業銀行對信貸風險的態度變化，在辨別和控制信貸風險上開始投入大量的成本，這一過程會導致信貸配給；商業銀行對與法治環境相關的交易成本和抵押品清償價值的日漸關注會導致信貸配給；宏觀經濟緊縮時期資產價格下降會導致信貸配給；商業銀行經營目標函數偏離利潤最大化，近幾年金融業改革過程使商業銀行目標函數發生變化，這一變化過程可能導致信貸配給；在市場分化的條件下，收益水平低的市場會遭受信貸配給；在經濟下滑時期，商業銀行尤其會對高風險市場配給信貸；利率市場化使商業銀行的存貸利差至少在一段時間內縮窄，利差縮窄可能加重信貸配給的程度：在利率市場化條件下，弱勢借款者，包括中小企業，遭受信貸配給的程度可能得到緩解，但支付的貸款利率水平將會升高。 -
First, this article explain background that the project is put forward, at present, jingxing county have several salt of magnesium manufacturing enterprises, but their scales are relatively little, technology is backward, resource utilization ratio is low generally, they caused the wasting greatly of resources, the economic benefits of these enterprises are low
本文對此進行了較為深入的研究。本文首先闡述了項目提出的背景，從目前來看，井陘縣擁有數家鎂鹽生產企業，但普遍存在規模較小、技術落後、資源利用率低的問題，從而造成了資源的極大浪費，企業的經濟效益低下。 -
Although economic and population specialists and scholars both in abroad and at home have made extreme progress on research the question of rural labor since they studied it very long ago, as far as china is concerned, based on the following three aspects, firstly, the national condition of our country determined that the foreign theory such as lewis theory might instruct us but we ca n ' t use these theories without rectification ; secondly, in china, our research about this question prefer the qualitative analysis to the quantitative analysis ; thirdly, the research on the labor utilization and shift in this specific area, that is, in the mountainous rural area which covers 69 % of our mainland and occupies 56 % of population is absolutely scarce in present ? to make up for the three deficiencies, this paper selects the econometrics analysis, uses investigation data and by virtue of tsp software, establishes a model where shift labor is the dependent variable and the citilization ratio, industrial structure, the income gap between city and country, the rural infrastructure construction, the labor ' s aptitude and the population ' s natural growth ratio are the variableso through economic, statistical and econometrical test, the conclusion is attained : the income gap between city and country and the citilization ratio are the two most important fectors which affect the labor ' s utilization and shift in mountainous rural area -, the rural infrastructure construction and the labor ' s aptitude are the two relative important factors which affect the labor ' s utilization and shift in mountainous rural area while the rural industrial structure and the population ' s natural growth ratio are the two least important factors according to this, this paper puts forward several suggestions that the income gap between city and country, citilization ratio, rural education, rural industrial structure and agricultural mechanization should be carefully treated with on studying the question of labor utilization and shift in mountainous rural area. finally, this paper points to several suspending problems about this research in order to get the concern of specialist and scholars
盡管國內外經濟和人口學方面的專家與學者很早就開始了對農村勞動力問題的研究並取得了極大的進展，但是，我國在研究農村勞動力問題時，基於三點：其一，我國國情決定了國外的理論例如劉易斯理論，雖然對研究我國的農村勞動力問題具有指導意義，但卻不能照搬這些理論；其二，從國內看，我國對該問題的研究重視定性分析而定量分析明顯不足；其三，缺乏對我國占國土面積69 、人口56的山區農村這一特殊區域內的勞動力開發利用及轉移的專門性研究。為了彌補這三個缺憾，論文採用經濟計量學的數量分析方法，利用實際調查資料，藉助tsp軟體，建立了以外出勞動力數量為被解釋變量，城市化率、農村產業結構、城鄉收入差距、農村社會基礎設施建設、農村勞動力素質以及人口自然增長率六個變量為解釋變量的模型，通過對該模型進行經濟學、統計學、經濟計量學三個方面的檢驗，得出如下結果：城鄉收入差距和城市化率是影響山區農村勞動力開發利用及轉移的最重要的兩個因素；農村社會基礎設施建設和農村勞動力素質是較為重要的兩個影響因素；而農村產業結構和人口自然增長率相對來說是較不顯著的影響因素。據此，本文提出了在研究山區農村勞動力開發利用及轉移問題時，應慎重對待城鄉收入差距、城市化水平、農村勞動力素質、農村產業結構、農業機械化五個問題。 -
The tail gas absorption solution is returned to the crystallizer, thereby adjusting the liquid - solid ratio, and improving the phosphogypsum crystals with the entrained ammonium ions, with the result that the available components are recovered, and clean production and economic benefit are realized
同時，尾氣吸收液返回結晶槽一方面可以調節液固比，另一方面帶入的銨根離子可以改善磷石膏的結晶，既回收了有效成分，又實現了清潔生產與經濟效益雙豐收。 -
The consumption - wealth ratio, the mean growth rate of economic and the portfolio shares were derived by using stochastic optimization method
通過隨機最優化方法，確定了均衡狀態下的消費財富比，期望經濟增長率以及貨幣資本的份額。 -
By analysing of the endogenous growth model, the paper gives the reason why financial development lags economic growth in this region : low income, low saving ratio, low roe and vile credit environment
通過對內生增長模型的分析，得出該區域金融發展滯后的主要原因是低收入、低儲蓄率、低資本產出效率和惡劣的信用環境。
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