empirical system 中文意思是什麼
empirical system
解釋
經驗系統-
First, it establishes a theoretical framework for commercial bank competence on the basis of extensive literature review and the integration of related theories in general and financial economics. secondly, a multilevel index system is established in this dissertation consisting of three major key elements of knowledge innovation, organization ability and basic circumstance, which solves the problem in existing competitiveness evaluation study which only concerns the current, security and profitability in banks ’ finance neglecting the comprehensiveness or dividing the hierarch of evaluation index system. thirdly, this dissertation empirical analysises the competitiveness of the china ’ s commercial bank, and bases on the actuality analysis of competitiveness of the china ’ s commercial bank and empirical research conclusion, puts forward self viewpoint to how
然後，融入經濟學、金融學的相關理論，構建了商業銀行競爭力的理論框架;二是將構建了一個包括知識創新、組織能力和基礎環境三大商業銀行競爭力構成要素的分層次評價指標體系，解決了現有研究存在的或只評價財務表現，或只關注銀行「三性」 ，使得評價缺乏全面性的問題，並彌補了某些研究指標體系缺乏層次性的不足;三是實證研究中國商業銀行競爭力，並在對中國商業銀行現狀分析和實證結論的基礎上，對如何提升中國商業銀行競爭力提出了自己的觀點。 -
Secondly, on the base of the concrete circumstance of chinese enterprises, this paper provides a hypothetic system model of influencing fostering of corporate entrepreneurship ( including system of corporate director board and management level, the character and talent of entrepreneur, corporate entrepreneurial strategy management and corporate circumstance ), and designs the evaluation index of corporate entrepreneurship and corporate performance, then does a n empirical research on the relativity between different factors which influence fostering corporate entrepreneurship, and the relativity between corporate entrepreneurship and corporate business performance
然後，結合中國企業的實際，提出了影響公司企業家精神培育的系統理論假設模型（其中包括公司董事會與經營層結構、企業家素質、公司企業家戰略管理、公司內企業家風險創業環境四大方面） ，並設計了反映公司企業家精神的評價指標（創新與風險創業）和公司業績的評價指標，通過實證研究研究了影響公司企業家精神培育的各因素與公司企業家精神的相關性以及公司企業家精神與公司業績的相關性。 -
On the base of the concrete circumstance of chinese enterprises, this paper provided a hypothetic system model of influencing factors of women entrepreneurs " performance ( including human capital, motivation and goals, personal traits, family 和 network relationships and environmental fators ), and designed the evaluation index of women entrepreneurs " performance, then did an empirical research on the relativity between these different influencing factors
文章結合中國企業的實際，提出了影響女企業家績效的系統理論假設模型（其中包括人口統計學和人力資本因素、動機和目標、個人特質、家庭和網路因素以及環境因素五大方面） ，並設計了反映女企業家績效的評價指標（主觀指標和客觀指標） ，通過實證研究了各影響因素與女企業家績效的相關性。 -
With the rapid development of the security stock market especially the stock market in chian ， issuing stock and circulating on market became the first choice of financing for more and more enterprise at the same time ， more and more investors are attracted by the relately high initial return of stock however ， the problem of ipos underpricing always exists in the stock market according to the data of more than one thousand chinese stocks ， most new issues had great raise in the first trade day ， and investors could acquire higher initial return than the average return of the stock market or the same industry we find that initial returns on a - share ipos average reached 132. 24 percent the main body of this paper is made up of six sections ： in the first part ， we introduced the method of the estimate of pricing decision ； in the second part ， we analyzed the method of the pricing decision and issuing system in china ， discussed the advantage and weakness of the various issuing methods ， and compared the economic efficiency between the examine and approve system and authorization system ； in the third part ， we analyzed the reason of ipo ' s underpricing in detail from information economics and other factors and combined with the environment of the chinese stock markets ， we analyzed the special characteristics in china and how they effect the ipo ' s underpricing in the fourth part ， we analyzed the data of chinese stock market with spss ， made a analysis of the administrative pricing decision and market pricing decision ， studied the underpricing phenomena of chinese stock market ， and analyzed it ' s causes ； in the fifth part ， we made a analysis of the examine approve system and authorization system ； and in the last part ， we drew some conclusions and put forth some policy advices the follow are the conclusions and policy advices in this dissertation ： （ 1 ） from the results of this empirical study ， we found that the issuing price - earning ratio and the market situation before ipos are strongly and positively associated with the underpricing of shares ， the issuing scale of ipo and the hit rate are strongly and negatively associated with the underpricing ； （ 2 ） we found that after the abolishing of ipo ' s p / e ratio and the using of authorization system ， there is no significant difference among the underpricing of shares ， but considered with the market entironment ， we think that the ipo ' s underpricing has been correspondingly reduced （ 3 ） to reduce difference between the primary market and the second market ， we suggested that we shall bring the " over - allotment option ( oao ) " to bear and resume the state - owned share and corporate - owned share to circulate on market as soon possible
本文的主體由六個部分組成：第一部分介紹新股發行定價的估值方法；第二部分對我國的發行定價方式和發行制度進行分析，探討不同發行定價方式的優缺點，以及審批制和核準制經濟效率分析；第三部分從信息經濟學角度和其他因素的角度詳細分析造成新股發行抑價的原因，並結合我國股票市場實際情況，分析了我國市場的特有因素是否及如何影響一級市場的發行抑價程度的；第四部分利用統計分析軟體spss對我國新股行政化和市場化定價進行實證分析，主要包括新股發行行政化和市場化定價方式的實施情況和效果分析、新股發行行政化定價方式的實證分析，以及新股發行行政化和市場化定價方式的比較實證分析；第五部分利用統計分析軟體spss對我國新股發行審批制和核準制進行實證分析；第六部分是本論文的主要結論。本文的主要結論和建議有： （ 1 ）從實證分析結果看，我國新股發行抑價與市場環境、發行市盈率呈顯著正向關系，與發行規模、申購中簽率等呈顯著反向關系。 （ 2 ）取消發行市盈率限制和實施核準制等市場化改革措施並沒有降低發行抑價的絕對水平，只是由於市場環境的因素，發行抑價的相對水平才有所降低。 -
Correctly categorizing systems development methods is critical. the appropriate structure of a method for building a particular type of system depends on whether the method is theoretical or empirical
正確地將系統開發的方法進行分類是關鍵的。用於構建某一類特殊的系統的方法的合適的結構取決于這個方法是經驗的還是理論的。 -
In this article, firstly the background of the textile trade conflicts within sino - us or sino - euro are introduced, thus learn that how to discern and dodge the foreign trade risks, how to choose the appropriate investment projects have already become one of the most important questions for exporting companies on foreign trade affairs well - known as high investment and high risk. so the main text makes a risk analysis qualitatively and quantitatively on a textile - exporting trading company from three angles of statistic 、 game theory and portfolio theory, which is the main content that we studied. firstly, the statistic article adopts data of the transaction closing price of the textile clothing index in shenzhen stock exchange at the end of each quarter as well as several other kinds of data reflecting the macro - economic changes, performs an empirical analysis of these data according to the theory of co - integration test 、 granger cause test and impulse response function of time series in economitric, and learn that the impact to ti is more obvious by the economic index reflecting local commodity price level and economic prosperity degree home and abroad, as well as the impact degree and the time lag degree, and knows the macro - economic risks faced by textile business enterprises ; after that by the game theory angle we analyze exactly the managing risks faced by one textile export corporation named beauty. from the game expansion chart the system arrangement between censor ways by exportation goal countries and exporting strategies by the exporting enterprises has been analyzed. involving the benefit assignment between them both the limited rounds and infinite rounds negotiations of cooperation games have been studied, and then country responsibility and the enterprise managing risks on foreign trade affairs and so on have been analyzed exactly ; in order to realize the investment multiplication in the certain degree to disperse the risk, the
本文首先介紹了中美、中歐紡織品貿易爭端的來龍去脈，由此可知在涉外貿易這種以高投入、高風險著稱的行業里，如何甄別和規避外貿風險、如何選擇合適的投資項目已經成為外貿企業的首要問題。因此，正文分別從統計學、博弈論和投資組合三種角度對涉外紡織品貿易公司風險進行了定性和定量的分析，這也是本文的主要研究內容。首先，統計學篇選取了深圳證券交易所行業分類指數?紡織服裝指數（ ti ）每一季度末的交易收盤價和若干種反映宏觀經濟變化的指標，利用計量經濟學中時間序列的協整檢驗、 granger因果檢驗和脈沖反應函數等理論做實證分析，從而得知反映國內物價水平和國內外經濟景氣程度的經濟指標對紡織板塊上市值的沖擊比較明顯，且可知沖擊程度和時滯度，進而分析出涉外紡織企業所面臨的宏觀經濟風險;接著，從博弈論的角度具體分析一家紡織品出口公司（ beauty ）的外貿活動所面臨的各種經營風險，該篇從博弈擴展圖入手，分析了出口目的國審查方式與本企業出口策略之間的制度安排;並圍繞雙方的利益分配，研究了有限回合和無限回合合作談判博弈，然後具體論述了國家責任和企業涉外經營風險等問題;在一定程度上為了實現投資多元化來分散風險的目的，投資組合篇從經典的markowitz模型著手，在一些特定條件的限制下，給出了一個相應的投資組合模型。 -
This thesis adopts empirical research methods, with changjiang communication navigation bureau as a study object, under the guidance of the public financial theory and with zero - base budget idea and activity - based costing system applied ; it provides the general thought by which we investigate each itemized outlay ration standards using the method of sourcing " the chain of the reason of necessary cost " and provides the idea of distributing the common cost in the light of the actual time of the non - commonweal and commonweal communication, researching the method of investigating the budget ration standards of over - water commonweal communication institutions. the research harvest has important theoretical and practical sense to the over - water commonweal communication institutions when making budget
本文採用實證研究的方法，以長江通信導航局為研究對象，在公共財政理論的指導下，運用零基預算和作業成本法的基本思想，研究了水上公益通信單位預算定額標準的測定方法，通過追溯「必要費用成因鏈」來測定各項費用定額標準和根據非公益性通信與公益性通信實際發生時間來分攤共同費用的思想，研究的成果對水上公益通信單位編制預算具有重要的理論和實踐意義。 -
This paper will focus on the establishment of internal marketization of company a, where author works and participates the process. through the empirical analysis of this paper, author will provide an overall frame of how to establish the enterprise " internal marketization mechanism and corresponding accounting control system
本文將以筆者親身參與的一家中型製造企業? ? a企業的內部市場化改革過程為例，使用實證分析的方法，為如何在大中型企業建立內部市場化管理機制和會計控制系統提供全面的框架。 -
This paper illustrates the characteristics of distressed firms by empirical analysis, and seeks for the deep reasons to cause the firm to fall into distressed conditions from firm ' s governance system, then guilds these firms to reorganize the governance system, guarantee the firm to develop highly, healthy and reasonably
本文通過實證研究來闡明財務困境企業治理結構的特徵，從治理結構層面尋找使企業陷入財務困境的原因，引導企業對治理結構進行重新安排和設計，使其向著高效、健康和合理的方向發展。 -
This research adopted the empirical approach to study of what influences of the effects of educational cooperative support system on employees ' organizational commitment and turnover in service industry
摘要本研究為實證研究，主要目的是探討服務業建教合作支持系統對員工組織承?與?職傾向的影響，以511教學全部建教合作學生為實證對象進? ? ?抽樣研究。 -
This article adopted the empirical and the theoretical analyses : first, on the basis of the original theories and researches of fdi, this article has established the esp ( e environment, s system, p policy ) adjustment and control strategy : by adjusting its esp system, which leads to changes of fdi quantity and structure in equilibrium, the host country can achieve its fdi objectives
本文採用規范和實證分析相結合的方法:首先在回顧總結外商直接投資各項理論研究的基礎上，構築起適用於發展中東道國服務業外商直接投資的理論? ? esp （ e環境， s體制， p政策）調控理論，即東道國通過調整本國的esp系統，引起服務業fdi數量和結構的變化，由此實現其引資目標;這就從理論上驗證了東道國實施服務業外資調控戰略的可行性。 -
According to empirical data and some computing results, it establishes jackup hydraumatic platform lorry series product library and real time inquiry system ; it writes the compute program to aid to design platform lorry system by object - oriented programming method and simulates the turning process of platform lorry
根據經驗數據和部分計算結果，對平板車系列數據庫進行了框架設計，建立了自升式液壓平板車系列產品庫和實時查詢系統。採用面向對象的程序設計方法編寫了輔助平板車系統設計的計算程序，對平板車轉彎過程進行了計算模擬。 -
In order to utilize the frquency resource adequately and increase the capacity of mobile communication system, the wireless electric wave propagation of existing mobile system always adopts the microcell structure. forecasting the path loss characteristic of electric wave accurately can provide the necessary condition for the layout and design of wireless network, at the same time it is a precondition for the research on the microcell mobile system. the methods of forecasting of wireless electric wave propagation can divide into two parts : one is pluse and respond, that is establish the empirical model based on experimental and statistical data ; the other is ray tracing method, that is establish the deterministic model based on theoretical analyse. the paper discuss the characteristic of wireless signal electric wave transmition in symmetrical atmosphere of earth, and introduce the common path loss transmition model in land mobile communication system, also point out the localization of these models based on experiential methods
而精確預測無線電波傳播路徑損耗特性，則為合理的微蜂窩無線網路規劃、設計提供了必要條件，同時也是研究微蜂窩移動通信系統性能的前提。無線電波傳播預測的方法分為兩類：一是用沖激響應法，即根據實驗、統計所得數據建立經驗性傳播預測模型；另一種是用射線跟蹤方法，即依據理論分析來建立確定性的傳播預測模型。本文首先討論了在地球表面均勻大氣中的無線電波傳播的基本特性，介紹了陸地移動通信系統中常用的幾種電波傳播路徑損耗經驗性預測模型，並指出了這些經驗性傳播模型對于微蜂窩小區無線電波傳播特性研究的局限性。 -
Chapter 4 comes to the case study of xiangfan city of hubei province. in chapter 5, based on the theoretical analysis and the empirical study, the objective, some basic principles and the policy implications of perfecting the land leasehold system in urban china are put forward. the last part is the basic conclusions and discussions
第五章在理論分析和實證研究的基礎上，提出了建設城市土地租賃制度的目標是理順城市土地租賃關系，培育土地租賃市場，進而促進土地的高度集約利用和城市土地再開發，增強政府對土地市場的宏觀調控功能；提高單位土地的使用效能，使土地不斷增值，為城市現代化建設提供必要的資金和城市的可持續發展創造必要的條件。 -
It is from our country ’ s tax law administrative realm, use summarized, compared and more empirical methods make a legal analysis with the definition, nature, the exercise of the tax subrogation in the theory. at the same time in practice provide some useful comments and suggestions for the tax subrogation system
根據新《中華人民共和國稅收徵收管理法》第五十條的規定，稅收代位權是指，對于拖欠稅款的納稅人到期的債權等財產權利，稅務機關可以依法向納稅人的債務人追索以抵繳稅款。 -
Perfecting it should be based on the inspection of international company board director, draw lessons from mature but visible experience and system, choose well and then follow, take the principle of priority and then decide to use it or not, set out from the chinese state of the nation to realize international empirical localization
董事義務制度的健全，應建立在對國內外公司董事義務制度考量的基礎上，借鑒成熟的而可行的經驗和制度，本著洋為中用，擇善而從，實用優先的原則，決定取捨，並從中國國情出發，實現國際經驗的本土化。 -
On the basis of theory analysis, the average transmitted light intensity ( correspond to dc value ) was determined as characteristic parameter of raw water using photoelectric method for monitoring the fluctuation of transmitted light and photometric dispersion analyzer ( pda ). the dc value was closely related to both particle concentration and surface area of sand clay simultaneously. the experimental results shows that there is an exponential function relation between dc and surface area of sand clay in unit volume water ( sp ) : dc = asbp in which a and b are empirical coefficients. then the formula of macromolecule flocculant dosage is found to be d = f ( dc ) = e ( dc ) f in which e and / are empirical coefficients and the average correlation coefficient equal to 0. 981. so the model of automatical control system of water treatment plant was established using the formula
應用透光率脈動檢測技術和光散射顆粒粒度分析儀（ pda ） ，通過理論分析，將pda的輸出信號之一? ?平均透光強度（對應于dc值）作為原水的特性表徵參數， dc值可以同時反映顆粒濃度和比表面積因素的影響，試驗結果證明， dc值與單位體積水中泥沙顆粒總表面積s _ p之間具有很好的冪函數關系： dc = cs _ p ~ d ，式中c 、 d為經驗系數，進而得到了以dc值為參數的高分子絮凝劑投藥量公式： d = f （ dc ） = e （ dc ） ~ f ，式中： e 、 f為經驗系數，平均相關系數達0 . 981 ，利用所建立的公式，建立了前饋? ?后饋聯合控制的在線自動投藥模型。 -
The method is described as follows : the velocity of the moving part and the gas chamber pressure were measured with a dynamic test measurement system ; a dynamic model was built on force analysis of the moving part ; the total kinetic resistance replaced the horizontal friction and water resistance ; then the resistance - velocity relation curves at moving stages were obtained ; with the empirical formula of the gas chamber pressure and the resistance - velocity relation curves, the preliminary dynamic characteristics were analyzed and the structural form and key parameters of an underwater assault rifle were determined
具體方法為：由動力學測量系統測得活動件速度和氣室壓力；分析活動件的受力，建立動力學模型；以運動總阻力代替水平方向上的摩擦阻力和水阻力，獲得各運動階段的阻力速度關系曲線；利用氣室壓力經驗公式和阻力速度關系曲線，對水下突擊步槍進行初步的動力學分析，確定其構造型式及主要參數。 -
Under the hypothesis that economic variability is the most determinant rationality of farmers " decision on production pattern conversion the author conducted an empirical study yufan village, yuexi county, anhui province, china. besides the situation analysis the factors affecting farmers " decision - making on organic food production are identified, described and analyzed based on the current production system. furthermore, based on the analysis of identified affecting factors, the author systematically described farmers " decision - making process
本文在農戶生產有機食品的基本決策理性是經濟理性的假設下，以安徽省岳西縣主簿鎮余畈村的有機獼猴桃生產為例，首先對農戶分散經營的有機獼猴桃生產現狀做了研究和分析；其次，以現狀分析中得出的數據和資料為基礎，分析了影響農戶進行有機食品生產決策的諸多因素；然後，以分析這些因素得到的結論為支撐，研究和分析了農戶進行有機食品生產的決策過程。 -
The main topic of this dissertation was the management element allocation of agricultural enterprises ( meaae ) from the theoretical study and empirical study, and put forward the allocation system, which included the strategy decision - making institution of agricultural enterprises, property right institution, the allocation institution of human resources, optimized market institution, law, investment and financing institution, the function change of government under the background of changing market at home and abroad after china " entry to wto. the dissertation analyses the problems of lower allocation efficiency in agricultural operation such as : lower liquidity of management element, the separate management, small - lot production, the influence of the new agricultural management element to agricultural economy, the lag of allocated system and model for agricultural enterprises management element based on the producing ability and economic base that were formed during twenty years of agricultural reform and d evelopment.
本文以我國加入世界貿易組織后引發的國內外市場環境變化為研究背景，立足於我國農業改革發展二十多年形成的生產能力和經濟基礎，針對我國農業經營中存在的經營要素缺乏必要流動、經營要素分散、細碎化配置等引起低效率配置問題，以及新型農業經營要素對農業經濟的影響和農業企業經營要素配置機制、模式等研究嚴重滯后的現狀，從理論和實證兩方面系統研究了不同類型農業企業經營要素配置制度，提出了以農業企業戰略決策制度、產權制度和人力資源配置制度為主要內容，配套優化市場制度、法律制度、投融資制度及政府職能轉換等外部環境的農業企業經營要素配置制度體系。
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