exception principle 中文意思是什麼
exception principle
解釋
例外法則-
The administration of private international law, however, raises no exception to the principle of territoriality, for what the judge does is to protect rights that have already been acquired by a claimant under a foreign law or a foreign judgment
然而，國際私法的運行並沒有對屬地原則提出例外，因為法官所做的是保護原告方基於外國法或外國法院的判決已獲得的權利。 -
But i have to admit that " exception clauses " in the policy can exclude the application of this principle
當然近因原則也不是絕對適用於每一個案件，可以為保險雙方的特別約定而排摘要除。 -
Long with the development of the modern administration method, guarantees morely to the private benefits, request the nation undertake more indemnification duty, for this, the nation compensates the indemnification scope of the method to expand increasingly, this have become a fact for not undeniable fact. but conduct and actions the nation compensates the composing important item of the method, coming to a decision the breadth that compensate the scope directly narrow. this text around the nation compensates the composing important item of the duty, distinguishing from carry out the job behavior and return the principle of responsibilities, spirit indemnity to launch the treatise with duty exception four problems. pass to talk about to proceed the introduction, compare to the advanced method in abroad academic theories, analysis, analyze at the same time our country the nation compensates the shortage of the method, conceiving at from now on, our country the nation compensates the method how to proceed the mo dification perfect, with betterly conformance the development current that nation indemnification, expand gradually nation indemnification the scope of the duty, betterly the benefits of the opposite person in protection
本文圍繞著國家賠償責任的構成要件，分別從執行職務行為、歸責原則、精神損害賠償和責任例外四個問題展開論述。通過對國外先進法學理論進行介紹、比較、評析，同時分析我國國家賠償法中的不足，設想在今後，我國國家賠償法如何進行修改和完善，以更好地順應國家賠償的發展潮流，逐步拓展國家賠償責任的范圍，更好地保護相對人的權益。執行職務行為是國家賠償責任構成要件的首要內容，在理論界和司法實踐中，爭論最多、難度最大的是關于職務行為和個人行為的區分問題，以及公安行政行為和刑事偵查行為的區分問題。 -
The fraud exception of l / c is a source of the principle of independence and abstraction and the rule of strict compliance flaw, essentially complementary and contrary to the principle of independence and abstraction and the rule of strict compliance on condition that we insist on these. the rationale behind the fraud exception of l / c may divide into two levels : the first level is " reservation of public order ". the second level is " the good faith principle ", " the fair principle ", " the security principle " and " the efficiency principle "
信用證欺詐例外源於信用證獨立抽象原則及嚴格相符原則的制度缺陷，是在堅持信用證獨立抽象原則及嚴格相符原則前提下對其的必要否定和補充，其理論根據可分為兩個層次:第一層次為「公共秩序保留」 ，第二層次為「誠實信用原則」 、 「公平原則」 、 「安全原則」和「效率原則」 。 -
The fraud exception principle is an important practice gradually established in the practice of international trade to deter frauds in the use of letters of credit
摘要信用證欺詐例外原則，是各國在國際貿易實踐中逐漸建立完善的一種遏制信用證欺詐的重要制度。 -
Therefore, in practice, the conditions for applying fraud exception should be strictly restricted and the principle should be applied in strict accordance with legal procedures
因此，實踐中應嚴格限制信用證欺詐例外原則適用的條件，並應嚴格依照法定程序使用之。 -
The explanation principle of meaning expression that takes the expressionism as principle and the meaning - ism as exception provides a useful tool for the implementation of the right appearance theory
「以表示主義為原則，意思主義為例外」的意思表示解釋原則，為權利外觀理論的實踐化提供了有用的工具。 -
The third analyzes the definition of fraud of a letter of credit in law both domestic and international, the types of fraud, the general character of fraud, and the exception to the independence principle of fraud. then i will discuss the issue of utility maximization between " independence principle " and " exception to the independence principle " with the methods of evaluating maximum value and case study
第三部分分析了信用證詐騙在國內外法律上的界定，詐騙的類型，詐騙的共性，詐騙的「例外原則」 ，然後通過求最大值的方法並結合案例談了「獨立原則」與「例外原則」的效用最大化問題。 -
The common liability principle of tortious liability of securities fraud is fault liability, with the exception of non - fault liability. so, it is not particular tortious liability but common tortious liability. on the condition of forming joint tort, the multi - actors should bear joint liability
證券欺詐的侵權責任以過錯責任為一般歸責原則，以無過錯責任為例外，屬於一般侵權責任；在構成共同侵權的情況下，多個行為人須承擔連帶責任。 -
It includes the concept of the bankruptcy credit and the comparison with the related concepts, including the right of exception, the right of taking back, the right of cancel. make clear that the quality of the bankrupt credit is credit, it is converted from the general credit, it is the credit that has no property ' s guarantee in principle, it ca n ' t be discharged preferentially
本文共分為三部分：第一部分是破產債權的概念辨析，包括破產債權的概念以及破產債權與別除權、破產取回權、破產撤銷權相關概念的比較，明確了破產債權是由一般債權轉化而來，其實質是一種債權，原則上以無財產擔保債權為限，不具有優先受償性。 -
Shifting the burden of proof of is the special provision and exception of the principle of burden of proof, during drafting " civil evidence code ", divergences about how to regulate the burden of proof appear, jurists have diffirent opinions on it, this paper set out from those divergences and disputes, discussing in detail with six sections : the disputes on the shifting the burden of proof, reasonable define the conception about shifting the burden of proof, the relation of shifting the burden of proof and deduction, shifting the burden of proof in present law and regulations, the function of shifting the burden of proof and the civil cases suitable for this regulation, legislative proposition. this artical elabrates the theoretical and realistic foundation of shifting the burden of proof. moreover, shifting the burden of proof is a phenomenon of proceeding and other regulations of solution to disputation, it is not confined to those laws and regulations of procedure, but also exist in substantial law
舉證責任倒置是舉證責任分配規則中的特殊與例外，在民事證據法的草擬過程中對舉證責任倒置的存廢與否產生了分歧，法學界對此的觀點也呈現出百花齊放的態勢，本文從舉證責任倒置爭議與分歧的觀點出發，基於舉證責任倒置存在與否的爭議、舉證責任倒置概念的合理界定、舉證責任倒置與推定的關系、舉證責任倒置在我國現行法律中的體現、舉證責任倒置的功能及可適用民事案件的具體類型、舉證責任倒置立法完善的構想共六個部分具體闡述，從理論角度、司法實踐及立法構想三個不同的視角分析舉證責任倒置在我國的存在的理論意義、現實意義與立法前景，表明舉證責任倒置不僅在我國具有立法基礎而且有實踐環境，闡述舉證責任倒置雖然是出現于訴訟或是解決爭議的其他程序中的一個現象，但它又不局限於訴訟及其他解決爭議的程序規范，從現有的法律規范及法律實踐來看，舉證責任倒置與實體法是「同呼吸，共命運」的，用句老話說就是「皮之不存，毛將焉附? 」 -
Though our country has stipulated the principle of application of the old law with the exception of a less punishment in the new law in the criminal law that is revised newly, it is too simple, difficult to operate, in existing legislation and relevant judicial explanation
雖然我國在新修訂的刑法中明確規定了從舊兼從輕原則，但現有的立法及相關司法解釋失之過簡、難以操作，理論研究也不夠深入，無法準確把握司法實踐中不斷涌現的各種難題。 -
In this part, i recommend the retroactivity of criminal law at first ; then explained the relation of legal principle of crime and the retroactivity of criminal law, and pointed out the uniform of the principle afterwards of prohibition in the legal principle of crime and the principle of application of the old law with the exception of a less punishment in the new law ; finally, i analyses the doctrine of observing old laws, the doctrine of observing new laws, the principle of applying the new law with the exception of a lesser punishment in the old law ; and the principle of application of the old law with the exception of a less punishment in the new law ; after analyzing the criminal law basic value of embodiment of each principle one by one and comparing its pluses and minuses, it is the most scientific conclusion to adopt the principle of application of the old law with the exception of a less punishment in the new law
本文分為以下三大部分：第一部分：刑法的溯及力概論。在該部分，筆者首先介紹了刑法的溯及力的概念；然後闡述了罪刑法定原則與刑法溯及力之間的內在聯系，指出了罪刑法定原則中的禁止事後法原則與從舊兼從輕原則的協調統一；最後，結合刑法的溯及力上主要的幾種適用原則即從舊原則、從新原則、從新兼從輕原則、從舊兼從輕原則；逐一分析各個原則的所體現刑法基本價值，比較其優缺點，最後得出了從舊兼從輕原則是最為科學的結論。第二部分：我國刑法的溯及力。 -
From the basic point, this text analyses deeply the coordination between the retroactivity of criminal and the principle of a legally prescribed punishment for a specified crime, and combine the principles on the retroactivity of criminal law has been regulated in the legislation of countries all over the world. analyzing the inherent value and the criminal ' s function reflected one by one, and has reach the rational conclusion of adopting the principle of application of the old law with the exception of a less punishment in the new law ; after the retroactivity of the legislation of criminal law in our country, throu gh the thorough analysis of the difficult point related to the retroactivity of criminal law question in practice, i put forward the scientific solution ; in the end, i analyses the retroactivity of the judicial explanation on criminal law in practice and put forward the corresponding solution
本文基於這個基點，深入分析了刑法的溯及力問題與罪刑法定原則蘊涵價值的協調問題，並結合世界各國刑法立法在溯及力問題上採用的原則，逐個剖析其內在價值和所體現的刑法機能，並得出了從舊兼從輕原則的合理結論；在對我國刑法立法溯及力問題的基本內容準確把握后，通過對司法實踐中涉及溯及力問題的難點的透徹分析，提出了科學的解決方案；最後針對實踐中常常遇到的刑法司法解釋的溯及力問題，進行了深入的法理探析，並相應的提出了解決方法。 -
In chapter i, i make a brief introduction to disregard of the corporate entity and point out that the independent corporate personality and limited liabilities of shareholders are the general principle of corporate law, while disregard of the corporate entity is an exception. in chapter ii, i analyze the academic foundation and the applicable standard of disregard of the corporate entity based on the theory and practice of “ piercing the corporate veil ” in the united states. in chapter iii, i retroactively review the legislative progress of disregard of the corporate entity in the prc and comment on relevant laws and regulations
第一章為理論分析，概括介紹了公司法人人格否認制度，並指出公司法人人格否認制度是公司法結構中公司法人人格獨立、股東有限責任的一般原則的例外;第二章結合美國「刺破公司面紗」的理論和實踐，分析了公司法人人格否認的理論基礎和適用標準;第三章回顧了我國公司法人人格否認相關規范進程並進行評析;第四章結合新《公司法》就如何具體運用和完善公司法人人格否認制度嘗試提出實際可行的意見和建議。 -
Exception principle system
例外原理系統 -
But china has legislative provisions on it. this dissertation analyzes the necessity of establishing a law system in china to deal with parallel import and discusses how to construct corresponding legal norm. the author holds the view that basically speaking china should adopt the principle of international exhaustion of trademark right and proposes to improve relevant laws following the guidance of " while allowing parallel import of trademark products, it is prohibited as an exception on certain circumstances "
第二章比較系統地研究了一些主要國家和地區關于商標產品平行進口的立法與司法實踐及國際公約的態度，發現如下規律:沒有哪一個國家和地區絕對地允許或絕對地禁止平行進口，或多或少有一些例外規定;發達國家和地區傾向于禁止商標產品平行進口一些，而發展中國家和地區傾向于允許平行進口一些，但原則上允許平行進口或者擴大允許平行進口的范圍將是世界各國和地區的共同趨勢。 -
System, exception principle
例外原則系統 -
With the development of insurance in different countries, the rigid principle of insurable interest can ' t adapt itself to the requirement of insurance market, which results in the exception principle of insurable interest
摘要隨著各國保險業的不斷發展，機械的保險利益原則已經不能適應保險市場發展的需要，由此產生了保險利益例外原則。 -
Disregard of the corporate entity is an exception to the principle of the independent corporate personality and limited liabilities of shareholders
公司法人人格否認是公司法結構中公司法人人格獨立、股東有限責任的一般原則的例外。
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