external restraint 中文意思是什麼
external restraint
解釋
外部約束-
The game result is mainly determined by following factors, including the advantages of shareholders, their attitudes to risks and ability to bear risks, the concentration of internal shareholding structure, the restraint of property right, the external formal and informal institutional arrangements and the distribution conditions of enterprise financial governance
其中不同的利益相關者擁有的優勢、利益相關者的風險偏好及承擔風險的能力、企業內部股權結構的集中程度及產權約束程度、企業外部正式與非正式制度安排和企業財務治理中財權配置狀況是決定企業財務利益取向這一博弈結果的主要因素。 -
The secretary should wait for contact and contact with with boss, colleague, guest, subordinate everyday, accordingly must happy ye jingqun, create good human concern with the self - restraint of elegant bearing style of conversation and high quality, promotional company unites in - housely, elevate a firm external figure
秘書天天都要和上司、同事、來賓、下屬等接觸和打交道，因此必須樂業敬群，以優雅的舉止談吐和高素質的涵養創造良好的人際關系，增進公司內部的團結，提高公司外部的形象。 -
The thesis studies the economic attribute, external profit and the necessity of government restraint of urban mass transit, which is based on public goodsandservice theory, property right economics as well as public sectors economics, and this is the theory basis of the innovation of building and operation management of our urban mass transit. through analyzing the current situations and the problems of our existing urban mass transit, absorbing the experience of foreign countries and predicting the develop trend of urban mass transit in the futuer, the thesis come up with the project financing, method of building and operation management of our county. its overall maneuvers are investing both publicly and privately under the guidance and organizating of government, seperating building from operation management controlled by market, developing simultaneously both mass transit and city
本論文從公共物品理論、產權理論、以及政府管制理論出發，研究城市軌道交通的經濟屬性、外部效益問題和政府管制的必要性，從而為我國城市軌道交通的建設與運營模式的創新建立必要的理論基礎。通過分析我國城市軌道交通發展的現狀和存在的問題，同時借鑒國外城市軌道交通的建設與運營模式，預測未來城市軌道交通的發展趨勢，提出我國城市軌道建設投融資模式、交通建設管理與運營模式。其總體策略是：在政府的引導和組織下，實行公私多元化投資；實現建設和運營管理相分離，建設和運營進行市場化運作；軌道交通的發展和城市發展同步進行。
分享友人