firstly secondly lastly 中文意思是什麼
firstly secondly lastly
解釋
第一-
In this thesis, we study some open problems and conjectures about the linear complementarity problem. it consists of the next three aspects : firstly, we study murthys " open problem whether the augmented matrix is a q0 - matrix for an arbitary square matrix a, provide an affirmable answer to this problem, obtain the augmented matrix of a sufficient matrix is a sufficient matrix and prove the graves algorithm can be used to solve linear complementarity problem with bisymmetry po - matrices ; secondly, we study murthys " conjecture about positive semidefinite matrices and provide some sufficient conditions such that a matrix is a positive semidefinite matrix, we also study pang ' s conjecture, obtain two conditions when r0 - matrices and q - matrices are equivelent and some properties about e0 q - matrices ; lastly, we give a counterexample to prove danao ' s conjecture that if a is a po - matrix, a e " a p1 * is false, point out some mistakes of murthys in [ 20 ], obtain when n = 2 or 3, a e " a p1 *, i. e. the condition of theorem 3. 2 of [ 25 ] that a p0 can be deleted and obtain a e " a is an almost e - matrix if a is a co - matrix or column sufficient matrix
本文分為三個部分，主要研究了線性互補問題的幾個相關的公開問題以及猜想： （ 1 ）研究了murthy等在[ 2 ]中提出的公開問題，即對任意的矩陣a ，其擴充矩陣是否為q _ 0 -矩陣，給出了肯定的回答，得到充分矩陣的擴充矩陣是充分矩陣，並討論了graves演算法，證明了若a是雙對稱的p _ 0 -矩陣時， lcp （ q ， a ）可由graves演算法給出； （ 2 ）研究了murthy等在[ 6 ]中提出關於半正定矩陣的猜想，給出了半正定矩陣的一些充分條件，並研究了pang ~ -猜想，得到了只r _ 0 -矩陣與q -矩陣的二個等價條件，以及e _ 0 q -矩陣的一些性質； （ 3 ）研究了danao在[ 25 ]中提出的danao猜想，即，若a為p _ 0 -矩陣，則，我們給出了反例證明了此猜想當n 4時不成立，指出了murthy等在[ 20 ]中的一些錯誤，得到n = 2 ， 3時，即[ 25 ]中定理3 . 2中a p _ 0的條件可以去掉。 -
Firstly, it introduced the import principium resolving thread and steps of analytic hierarchy process. secondly, it erected model of population modernization, which based on the steps of analytic hierarchy process. lastly, it got the maximal eigenvalue of dissymmetric matrix and corresponding eigenvector with sas, and normalized the eigenvector to get weight value
本章分為兩部分，第一部介紹分析法的提出、原理以及解決問題的思路和步驟；第二部建立模型確定權重，根據層次分析法的原理和步驟，建立人口現代化指標體系的模型，運用sas求解所構造的非對稱判斷矩陣的最大特徵值，從而得出所對應的特徵向量，變形后得到權重。 -
Firstly, this blade ' s length is compatible, secondly, it has the trace of the scabbard and the copper, thirdly, the it is possible it has the posy and complex veins, and lastly, the guangxi museum hasn ' t annulus dao, this dao is more compatible. peple may accept it more easily
留此刃一為長度尚可，二為有鞘痕跡及銅掛痕，三有銘文和錯紋的可能，四者廣西博物館尚無環首長刀，這把以為較合適，旱器人們還是較容易接受的啦。 -
The result shows that with the addition of rare earth elements, ultrasonic irradiation and magnetic field, the chemical component, surface configuration, microstructure and properties of electroless co - ni - b and co - fe - b alloy changes remarkably. such kind of change can be described as the followings. firstly the depositing speed of electroless alloy bath is raised while the polarizability and cathodic overpotential are reduced ; secondly the surface quality of the alloy coating and adhesion of the coating and matrix are improved ; thirdly in the coatings the content of the elements in the transient group increases, but the content of cobalt decreased ; fourthly the amorphous structure is transformed to microcrystal structure and polycrystal structure ; fifthly the microhardness and wear resistance of the coating are enhanced ; sixthly coercitive force is reduced, and magnetoconductivity of the coating is increased ; lastly the magnetic intensity of the coating increases with the addition of energy and light rare earth elements such as ce, la and decreases with the addition of heavy rare earth elements such as y. on the other side, when the alloy coatings passes through the heat treatment under the temperature of 250 or 500, their properties will change
結果顯示化學沉積co - ni - b 、 co - fe - b工藝在稀土元素（ ce 、 la 、 y 、 dy ） 、能量（超聲波、磁場）介入后，沉積過程、合金成分、鍍層形貌結構和性能都有顯著變化，表現在：鍍液的陰極極化過電位和極化度降低，沉積速度提高；鍍層的結合力、表面質量改善；鍍層中過渡族元素的含量增加，輕元素硼的含量降低，同時證實了稀土元素與過渡族元素共沉積的可能性；鍍層的顯微結構由非晶態向微晶和多晶態轉變；鍍層的顯微硬度與耐磨性提高，力學性能優化；鍍層的矯頑力降低；磁導率提高；鍍層的磁化強度在能量（超聲波、磁場）和輕稀土元素ce 、 la介入后提高，重稀土元素y介入后降低。 -
Firstly the electric - drive equipment is simplified in order that its circuits " working status could be obtained by computer by disposing the sampling value. secondly interface program is designed under objectarx2000 in order to drive the static circuit diagram drawed by autocad. lastly sampling value is transferred through the communication between pc and several sampling scms
有幾個關鍵性技術問題得到了解決：首先將電傳動裝置進行簡化，使其電路工作狀態通過計算機對電壓采樣值的處理得到確定；其次利用二次開發工具objectarx2000開發出介面程序，實現了對autocad所繪制電傳動電路圖的驅動；最後通過pc機同多個采樣單片機的通訊解決了對大量采樣數據的傳輸問題。 -
The safety of transmission line plays a important role in power system safety it is not only the requirement of ensure supply power reliability, but also the necessary precondition of enhance power system stabilization, to remove faulty line quickly and accurately, also keep non - faulty line continuous work when some transmission line faults current differential protection is a kind of simple, reliable and good - selective protection manner to any variety of transmission lines, power system development needs current differential protection apply to transmission lines, moreover the advancement of electric and communication technology enable current differential protection apply to transmission lines firstly, the paper discusses, analyses the research and application transmission line protection in detail, compare the principle and realistic presupposition of general line pilot protections secondly, because conventional current vector differential protection are influenced easily by load current and transitional resistance, in order to at the same time quicken protection act, the principle and criterion include work characteristic of differential protect based on fault component sampled values are studied, results shows that differential protect based on fault component sampled values excels general vector current differential protection in reliability, sensitivity and anti - saturation of current transformer in addition, synchronous current sampling methods at all terminals of line is analyzed and estimated lastly, the principle and criterion. also device design about current sampling values differential protection based on optical fiber communication, which apply to short transmission lines are concretely investigated,
基於基爾霍夫定律的電流差動保護無論對於何種形式的輸電線路都是一種簡單、可靠、選擇性強的保護形式，電力系統的發展使得電流差動保護應用於線路保護成為需要，而電子、通信技術的發展使得電流差動保護應用於輸電線路成為可能。首先，本文對目前線路保護的研究和實際應用情況進行了討論和分析，比較了常用線路縱聯保護的實現原理和實現條件及優缺點。其次，針對常規相量電流差動保護易受正常負荷電流和故障過渡電阻影響的缺點，同時為加快差動保護的動作速度，對基於故障分量瞬時采樣值電流差動保護的原理、判據、動作特性等作了討論和分析，結果表明基於故障分量瞬時采樣值電流差動保護在可靠性、靈敏度、抗電流互感器飽和方面明顯優于常規相量電流差動保護，對電流差動保護各端的同步采樣方法和數據通信也進行了分析和評價。 -
Although uml activity diagram is magnitude component in uml, which agrees with modeling system dynamic process and describing workflow, it is immature in itself with the characteristic of non - oriented - object and essentially different from other uml diagram, and need to be ameliorated especially when applicated in workflow, own to the following limitation : firstly, activity diagram describes the behaviors of object class that response the inner action, so uml activity diagram is generally on the assumption of that there is no interruption caused by outer events during the process and no time defer, which limits the ability of uml activity diagram discribing complicated process ; secondly, user cannot obtain enough information of object data, and cannot make sure the character of mutual objects because of actually complicated object and relatively simple object expression in uml activity diagram ; lastly, owe to lacking rigorous mathematical basis and strict, effective methods of validation and analysis, uml activity diagram cannot support the simulation and optimization of workflow, let alone optimizating the model based on the result
Uml活動圖是uml的重要組成部分，適用於系統動態行為建模和描述工作流，與uml的其他圖形工具不同，它本質上是非面向對象的，而且其本身並不成熟，仍在改進之中，特別是在工作流應用方面。首先， uml活動圖描述的是響應內部處理的對象類的行為， uml活動圖通常假定在整個計算處理的過程中沒有外部事件引起的中斷，也沒有時間的延遲，這就限制了uml活動圖對一些復雜過程描述能力。第二，現實世界業務過程涉及的對象數據十分復雜，但是uml活動圖的對象語義卻非常簡略，用戶基本上無法從uml活動圖中獲取關于對象數據的信息，也不能確定參與交互的對象的特徵。 -
The key items include the car sinking, constant speed characteristics, inspection function, auto relevelling function and level accuracy, etc. the research contents focus on the following three parts : firstly, research on effects of system parameters on car sinking has been completed. secondly, the constant speed performance with the compensation of internal leakage of pump / motor is improved. lastly, research on improvement of the car level accuracy and contrast to that of traction elevators is presented, and the reasons of low car level accuracy of hydraulic elevators are discussed
重點研究了三方面內容：一是研究了停層沉降特性及影響電梯轎廂停層沉降特性的各種因素；其次是通過負載壓力補償液壓泵馬達內泄漏來改善電梯轎廂速度穩定性；最後是液壓電梯平層精度的理論和實驗研究，並與曳引電梯的理論模型進行了對比，闡述了液壓電梯平層精度低的原因，理論探討了影響液壓電梯平層精度的主要因素。 -
Its main steps are : 1 median filter to filter yawp ; 2 edge detecting ; 3 figure thinning ; 4 the calculation of center point and some other parameters, we put forward a new method with which we firstly give a self - adjust liner transform then we use robert edge detecting and we also give an four - adjacent - field method for edge thinning here ; secondly we repeat four steps above and use the center point as focus in the fourth image. after this we track the forecasting center point by kaveman filter and select two blocks for locating. lastly from the fifth photo on we mainly deal with the arithmetic for matching locating and recognition of focus except kaveman filter
然後在第四幅圖像中：重復上述四步，以提取的形心為瞄準點，在選定瞄準點以後，為了在後續圖像中匹配、定位、識別瞄準點，我們使用卡爾曼濾波求取跟蹤預測的形心點並在瞄準點的周圍選取兩個匹配定位塊：從第五幅圖像開始，除了使用卡爾曼濾波求取跟蹤預測形心點以外，主要執行匹配、定位、識別瞄準點的演算法。 -
There are several aspects of work that was done in this thesis mainly. firstly, the theory of the under - water long - range remote control system was analyzed and the remote control instruction code was designed. secondly, decoding circuit of the under - water long - range remote control system was designed with fpga, including vhdl coding, simulation, synthesis, place & route, etc. besides, power consumption to fpga that is designed is estimated in this thesis. lastly, we designed and made one pcb to verify and test fpga decoding chip that is designed, and debugged and tested it finally
首先，深入研究和分析了在頻域實現水下遠程遙控解碼的原理並進行了遙控指令編碼設計；其次，用altera公司的cyclone系列fpga晶元完成了水下遠程遙控fpga解碼晶元的設計工作，包括硬體描述語言（ vhdl ）編碼、電路前後模擬、綜合和布局布線工作，並對設計的fpga解碼晶元進行了初步的功耗估算；最後設計製作了一塊fpga解碼晶元電路驗證測試板，並完成了電路調試和測試。 -
This process is as follows : firstly, the data of different section contour and of section line have been obtained by reverse - engineering ; secondly, non - uniform b - spline approximation algorithm is used to fit the discrete data ; then the data have been optimized and reduced by adopting adaptive sampling of key points of the fitted curve based on vertical distance, sequently the adaptive sampling data is transformed into the format of the. ibl file of the famous 3 - d design software pro / e. therefore we reconstruct the surface and a model is generated ; lastly, the effectiveness of the adopted algorithm and modeling approach are demonstrated by the experiments
建模型的過程中，首先運用逆向工程測量方法，獲得曲面物體上不同截面輪廓線的測量數據點列，接著對測量數據點進行平滑處理，用最小二乘法求解基於數據點列的控制多邊形，以非均勻三次b樣條曲線擬合截面輪廓曲線；然後利用基於垂距的數據采樣演算法，對擬合曲線上的數據點進行重新采樣，達到優化數據點的分佈及減少描述曲線數據量的目的。 -
Its concrete method is : firstly, precondition the program code. secondly, collect information which will be put use to simulate. lastly, make use of the information collected to simulate to compute, and associate with the controlled object ’ s program module to carry out the multi - cyclical closed - loop simulation
它的實現過程是:先對控制計算程序代碼進行預處理，接著提取程序代碼的結構信息和變量信息，最後利用提取的信息模擬代碼做控制計算，並調用受控對象程序模塊，得到反饋信號變量的實時值，實現多周期閉環的控制計算模擬。 -
Reasons : firstly, sectional dimension is so little that torsional stiffness of single - beam is n ' t enough. secondly, protective layer thickness is too thin to protect concrete reinforced bar and reduce durability. lastly, each main beam is joined by cross girder and the more rigid of cross girder the more entirety of bridge
橋梁局部損壞較嚴重，主要原因是主梁截面尺寸過小、肋板過于薄弱，造成單梁抗扭剛度不足；保護層厚度不夠導致鋼筋外露引起銹蝕，降低了橋梁的耐久性；各主梁採用橫隔梁連接成整體，橫隔梁的剛度越大，橋梁的整體性越好，但調查結果顯示，實際情況中並不能達到理想的整體剛度。 -
According to the definition and considering our country ' s special condition, the article points out that the key to realize the model of sustainable development is to build up a positive < wp = 8 > relationship between economy and population 、 resource and environment, so we take the model that remedy and develop at the same time when carrying out the strategy of sustainable development. according to this, in order to promote the sustainable development strategy, we should consummate our tax policies from four aspects as follow : firstly, set a just and effective tax system when distribute resources and regulate economy, by this way, we can promote the adjustment of industries, and improve the efficiency of resource arrangement ; secondly, set a relative tax system targets to promote the research of science and technology ; thirdly, design a series of tax policies targets to protect environment, and consummate our tax system in resource protecting ; lastly, consummate the related tax policies in improving citizen ' s comprehensive capability and social insurance
鑒於此，我國的稅收政策也應從以下四個方面著手完善，以促進可持續發展：建立公平、有效的稅收分配和調控機制，促進產業結構調整，提高資源配置；建立以環境保護為目標的環境稅收政策，完善以資源保護為目標的資源稅收體系；完善稅收政策在促進人口素質提高及社會保障方面的措施。基於以上認識，本文進而對我國稅收政策在促進可持續發展戰略中的現狀作< wp = 6 >了分析，具體分析了我國稅收政策在促進科技進步，經濟結構調整，節約資源與保護環境等方面的作用與不足。我國現有的稅收政策在促進可持續發展戰略方面已發揮了巨大作用，對科技進步給予了越來越多的關注，對包括軟體行業在內的高新技術產業實施了各種稅收優惠措施；通過稅收政策有效調整了產業組織結構，促進了產業結構升級換代；通過各種稅費措施，對節約利用資源和保護環境都起到了積極的作用。 -
This part sums up the function of media scalp and the forming of tourism hot spot firstly, secondly, points out the necessity of building tourism hot spot and four major principles of news scalp that should be grasped : strength, opportunity, appropriate and guides, summarizes the eight major methods of scalping tourism hot spots. lastly, analyses the problems that should deal with when scalping tourism hot spot and the pros and cons relations of several scalp methods
本部分首先概述了媒體炒作的作用和旅遊熱點的形成，其次指出營造旅遊熱點新聞的必要性和炒作應掌握的實力、時機、適度和引導四大原則，並總結出炒作旅遊熱點的八大方法，最後理性地分析了炒作旅遊熱點時應處理的問題和幾種炒作方法的利弊關系。 -
There are several points to be discussed in this paper : firstly, according to the new concept of energy security, the oil supply security is the base for the most important realistic interests ; secondly, it is the extremely important strategic interest to increase oil production capacity and to enforce the researches on substitute energy, and eventually to achieve the balance between energy supply and demand ; thirdly, it is the important realistic interest to diminish the harm on environment and to optimize the energy structure ; lastly, it is the important strategic interest to develop the renewable energies to achieve sustainable use of energy
我國能源安全的高度重要現實利益是以新能源安全觀為基礎的石油供應安全；高度重要戰略利益是提高石油生產能力和加強替代能源研究，實現能源供需平衡；重要現實利益是減少能源對環境的影響，優化能源結構；重要戰略利益是發展可再生能源，實現能源的可持續安全使用。 -
Chapter five analyzes the obstacle of administration in enterprise m & a of china. firstly, the thesis presents the conception of administration monopolization. pointing out that the essence of it is economical monopolization then, the thesis lists out many kinds of forms of administration monopolization. secondly. the thesis uses game theory. analyzing the reason of administration monopolization. pointing out that the local government whose enterprise is in inferior position in market trends to prevent enterprise m & a thirdly. the thesis uses the model of the negotiation of enterprise behalf. obtaining the same result as using game theory. lastly. the thesis brings forward some suggestion about how to eradicate the obstacle of administration monopolization in enterprise m & a of china
然後，對行政壟斷的原因進行分析，首先用動態博奔的方法來分析行政壟斷的原因，指出處於市場竟爭劣勢的地區的政府傾向于阻礙企業並購。接下來運用企業利益相關者談判模型對行政壟斷進行分析，得出和運用博奔方法分析出的一致的結論。最後是對消除我國企業並購中行政壟斷障礙的建議，提出從法律、財稅體制及政府職能入手解決我國企業並購中行政壟斷的問題。 -
Firstly the cpa should guarantee the legal procedure and assess the risk of appraisal ; secondly they should collect sufficient and real appraisal evidence legitimately, utilize the quotation technical standard appropriately, infer meticulously and draw conclusion cautiously ; thirdly they should write testimonial according to the related condition and request ; lastly they should speak with understandable words when hearing, and enhance the proof strength of the appraisal conclusion
鑒定受理時應保證程序合法，量力而行；鑒定過程中確保鑒定材料充足、真實合法，恰當運用引用技術標準，縝密推理、慎做結論；依照有關條件和要求出具鑒定書；庭審時應盡量使用通俗易懂的語言，恰當運用證明技巧，促使法官採信正確的鑒定結論。 -
This paper firstly introduces the conception of non - cooperative passive detection ( npd ), secondly, analyses the characters of npd, thirdly, introduces the present study status of npd in the world, fourthly, analyses npd ' s key problems and introduces the present methods to overcome these problems, lastly, analyses the trend in development of npd connected to literatures
摘要對非合作無源探測概念進行了描述，分析了非合作無源探測的特點，對國內外的研究現狀進行了詳細介紹，分析了其關鍵技術問題並介紹了現階段解決這些問題所採用的相應方法，最後結合文獻分析了非合作無源探測技術的發展趨勢。 -
Firstly, two ways that fit for publishing 3d spatial geographic information are pointed out as compared with the others ; secondly, the details of geographic virtual reality modeling language ( geovrml ) are studied in order to find out all it ' s instruments ; lastly, data model and web architecture for 3d publication based on geovrml are designed, the original system, 3d map manage server and 3d map client, are developed on java 2 platform
分析、比較了各類網路三維技術的實現原理，總結出兩種開發空間地理信息網路三維發布工具的方法；在此基礎上，研究了地理虛擬建模語言（ geovrml ）設計與實現的技術途徑；以geovrml為三維場景描述標準，設計了適合局域網環境下空間地理信息網路三維發布的數據模型和網路結構，並在java2平臺上實現了對應的原型系統? ? 3dmapmanageserver和3dmapclient 。
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