fluctuating rate 中文意思是什麼

fluctuating rate 解釋
波動匯率
  • fluctuating : 波動的
  • rate : n 1 比率，率；速度，進度；程度；（鐘的快慢）差率。2 價格；行市，行情；估價，評價；費，費用，運費...
  1. With the trend of openness and integration of globlal economy, exchange rate is playing more and more important role in influencing the allocation of global resources. the sensitivity of the price of tradale goods to exchange rate fluctuation becomes the focus of international economics because it is a critical vector and transmitter when an economy is confronted of exogenous impact. traditional international economics theory assume that nominal exchange rate fluctuation has complete pass - through effect, namely it ’ s change will introduce proportional change of tradable goods, then it will influence such macroeconomic vector as term of trade, import and export, inflation, employment, productivity, income allocation, and so on. from a microeconomic angle, including pricing to market, innovative behavior, menu cost and sunk cost, the paper probe into the pricing model of international enterprices under floating exchange rate and testify the incomplete pass - through of exchange rate and it ’ s detailed reason, then discuss the inspiration it has on china. it ’ s believable this kind of research will play a big part in china ’ s exchange rate scheme and some macroeconomic problems such as exchange rate tranmitting channel and effects, exchange rate fluctuating behavior

    傳統的國際經濟學理論認為，名義匯率的波動具有完全的傳遞性（ completepass - through ） ，即它的變化會引起同比例的進出口貿易品相對價格以及貿易品和非貿易品相對價格的變化，然後通過需求變動的支出轉移效應（ expenditureswitching ）來影響國內經濟的諸多宏觀變量，如貿易條件、進出口貿易額、通脹水平、就業量、勞動生產率以及收入分配等，本文從依市定價（ pricingtomarket ） 、創新行為、菜單成本以及沉澱成本等四個不同的微觀角度，通過對浮動匯率下國際壟斷競爭性生產廠商的定價模型具體而透徹的探討，論證了匯率的不完全傳遞性並深入分析了決定匯率傳遞彈性的重要影響因素，闡述了該理論對人民幣匯率的啟示，這樣的研究會對我國今後的匯率政策以及匯率的傳導機制、傳導效應、波動行為等宏觀經濟問題起到重要的作用。
  2. In the environment of market economy, the economic lever should be taken to carry out the internalization of accident loss, including the increase of compensation, drawing pledge for work safety, enforcing penalty or forfeit, fluctuating the premium rate, implementing injury leave with wages, and implementing strictly the market entry and exit mechanism

    市場經濟條件下，安全損失內部化須藉助經濟杠桿的調節作用，通過提高賠償額度、提取安全生產抵押金、制裁或罰款、浮動保險費率、帶薪工傷病假以及市場進退機制等手段，加大安全損失內部化力度。
  3. I call those first - rate which are composed of treasures one possesses under one s hand, such as mines, lands, and funded property, in such states as france, austria, and england, provided these treasures and property form a total of about a hundred millions ; i call those second - rate fortunes, that are gained by manufacturing enterprises, joint - stock companies, viceroyalties, and principalities, not drawing more than 1, 500, 000 francs, the whole forming a capital of about fifty millions ; finally, i call those third - rate fortunes, which are composed of a fluctuating capital, dependent upon the will of others, or upon chances which a bankruptcy involves or a false telegram shakes, such as banks, speculations of the day - in fact, all operations under the influence of greater or less mischances, the whole bringing in a real or fictitious capital of about fifteen millions

    凡是手中有寶藏，在法國奧地利和英國這種國家裡擁有礦產田地不動產，而且這種寶藏和財產的總數約為一萬萬左右的，我把他們叫作頭等富翁。凡是製造業或股份公司的大股東，負有某重任的總督，小國王公，年收入達一百五十萬法郎，總資產在五千萬左右的，就把他們叫作二等富翁。最後，凡是資產分散在各種企業上的小股東，靠他的意志或機遇賺錢，經受不起銀行倒閉的，經受不起時局急變的，財產的增減單純靠搞投機，受自然規律中大魚吃小魚定律的支配，虛實資本總共約莫在一千五百萬左右的，我稱他們為三等富翁。
  4. Effects of fluctuating temperature of gas flow on the instantaneous devolatilization rate of pulverized coal particle

    氣流溫度脈動對煤粉顆粒瞬時熱解揮發速率的影響
  5. There is a strong relationship between the vegetation cover and stability of oasis ecosystem which is the key location of mankind production and existence in arid and semi - arid land. the change of vegetation cover in arid and semi - arid has very important influence on the oasis eco - system, as it is very sensitive to the environment changes to oasis direction or to desert direction that the fluctuating index of vegetation cover. the vegetation cover rate change great effect on realizing the characteristic

    植被覆蓋度對于乾旱區人類生存和生產核心場所的綠洲穩定有著直接的關系，在乾旱區覆蓋度的變化對本已脆弱的綠洲生態系統有著重要的影響，是向綠洲化還是向荒漠化的方向發展，十分敏感於綠洲植被覆蓋度的指數，了解各類植被覆蓋度的特徵及演化規律，對認識乾旱區生態環境的現狀及發展趨勢，辨識引起環境變化的驅動力，有著重要的意義。
  6. Underlying the assumption that the stock price accords with the model of the stock price fluctuating sources, by comprehensivily applying the stochasitic differential theory and no - arbitriagc thcory, this paper, under the conditions that the risk - free rate r is constant or ito stochasitic process, successively works out the option pricing about the stock price model with that the short - term profit function is piecewise lecture function arid that one with that the short - term profit function is possion jump process, derivats counterpart partial differential equation of option pricing. the outcome states : 1. when the short - term profit function is unusual flunctuating sources bring out a piecewise lecture function, this amendment on the lognormal distribution model does not improve the option price, because this partial differential equation of option pricing is the same one underlying the lognormal distribution model ( see equation 2. 14 )

    本文基於股價符合波動源模型的假設，綜合運用隨機微分理論等數學原理和無套利理論等金融理論，依此對短期收益率函數為分段階梯函數和possion跳躍過程的股價波動源模型分別在無風險利率是常數和隨機過程的條件下作了期權定價，推導出了相應的期權定價偏微分方程，結果表明： 1 、由異常波動源帶來的短期收益率函數是分段階梯函數時，這種對股價對數正態分佈模型的修正不能改善期權價格，因為基於這種模型的期權定價偏微分方程與基於股價對數正態分佈模型的期權定價偏微分方程完全相同（見方程2 . 14 ） 。
  7. Glasses and pastes comprising influence on components resistance fluctuating was studied, and least shift rate of resistance is 0. 9 % for 1m chip resistor with no. 4 glass component

    分析了玻璃組成和漿料配方對元件電阻值漂移的影響，並對其保護機理進行了探討。
  8. Where an enterprise requires to judge, by calculation, whether it has transferred nearly all of the risks and rewards related to the ownership of financial asset to the transferee, when it calculates the net present value of the future cash flow of the financial asset, it shall take into consideration all the reasonable and possible fluctuating of the cash flow, and shall adopt an appropriate present market interest rate as the discount rate

    企業需要通過計算判斷是否已將金融資產所有權上幾乎所有的風險和報酬轉移給了轉入方的，在計算金融資產未來現金流量凈現值時，應當考慮所有合理、可能的現金流量波動，並採用適當的現行市場利率作為折現率。
  9. The unstable exchango rate, fluctuating internahonal trade by augmenting risk, resulted in a direct impact over macro - economy of one nation

    匯率水平的劇烈波動增加了國際貿易的風險，導致國際貿易的波動，並對宏觀經濟的穩定運行產生沖擊。
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