free-rider 中文意思是什麼
free-rider
解釋
免費搭車者（享受其他國家最惠國待遇而不進行相應減讓的國家）-
Example : then there is the free rider problem
例證：另外就是無本獲利的問題。 -
In addition, there exists the phenomenon of " free rider " as a result of information asymmetry
此外由於信息不對稱的存在，團隊運作中還常出現「搭便車（ freerider ） 」的現象。 -
In hong kong i had seen a streetcar conductor following a free rider to the street and grad hold of his necktie ， in place of the pigtail which used to be the first thing reached for in a brawl
我在香港的時候曾看到過一個巴士售票員追揩油搭便車的傢伙，一直追到街上，抓住那人的領帶? ?有辮子可抓的時代已經結束了。 -
The voluntary provision of public goods has proved that individuals are not always free rider in the public goods provision. an economic person possesses of two characteristics : altruism and egoism
非政府組織及個人對公共物品的自願提供以及實驗經濟學的結論證明了現實的人們並非總是「經濟人」 ，每一個體都是一定程度的利他主義與利己主義的均衡體。 -
The ideological functions of the important thought of " three represents " are to save costs of masses ' identifying with the legitimacy of our party, to overcome free rider of some cadres, to reduce the incentive costs to party members and cadres and strengthen incentive to party members and cadres, to debase supervisory and educational costs to party members and cadres and to reduce frictional costs between cadres and masses
摘要「三個代表」重要思想的意識形態功能主要有節約群眾對黨執政地位的合法性的認同成本、克服黨員幹部隊伍中的搭便車行為、減少對黨員幹部的激勵成本與增強對黨員幹部的激勵、降低對黨員幹部的監督與教育費用以及消減干群之間的摩擦成本。 -
Moreover, it sheds light on the free rider problems. then it proposes some suggestions to solve these issues respectively, such as signaling mechanism, screen mechanism and incentive mechanism. it is proved that good reputation and broad network can improve the efficiency of syndication
然後針對這些問題提出了相應的解決措施:如通過信息傳遞機制、激勵機制解決聯合投資中存在的逆向選擇與道德風險問題，並證明良好的聲譽和廣泛的關系網路可以提高聯合投資的效率。 -
This paper puts emphasis on : the free - rider both in value - added and monitoring activities, puts forward that the arrangement of equity can incent the non - lead experienced venture capitalists and mitigate their motivation of free rider, suggests letting syndicators take turns to be the dealer to solve the free rider problem in monitoring activities
本文對聯合投資中的「搭便車」問題分別就提供增值服務和監管進行了分析，提出利用股權激勵有經驗的跟投，減少其「搭便車」的動機;通過「輪流坐莊」的方式解決監管中的「搭便車」問題。 -
His research interests have included property rights, transaction costs, economic organization in history, a theory of the state, the free rider problem ; and have focused on the formation of political and economic institutions and the consequences of these institutions on the performance of economies through time. that research was published by cambridge university press in institutions, institutional and economic performance
諾斯教授的研究興趣遍及產權、交易成本、歷史上的經濟組織、政體論、搭便車等問題，並集中研究政治和經濟制度的形成，以及這些制度對經濟表現的長遠影響，研究結果由劍橋大學出版社出版成書，題為《制度、制度的變革與經濟表現》 。 -
Based on holmstrom ' s model and by the theories of client - agent and games, we design a model named pacemaker to solve free rider problem. it suggests that we allocate heavy bonus to the pacemaker and punish the scapegoat of the team when allocating incentive compensation
本文在holmstrom模型基礎之上，運用委託代理理論和博弈論，設計了一種「業績標兵」模型，認為重獎內部評選的業績標兵並且引進「替罪羊」制度以懲罰偷懶者有利於抑制團隊內部中的「搭便車」問題。 -
This alleviates the free - rider problem that exists when small household savers leave it to each other to collect information and monitor the actions of firms
這一辦法還緩解了存在於小儲戶之間相互推諉收集信息和監管公司行為時期所產生的討便宜者的問題。 -
During portfolio management, there are trade - impact cost, strategy - execution cost by free - rider, liquidity management cost and style - execution cost by style investment
證券投資資金存在特定的資產組合管理成本，包括交易影響成本、免費搭車者引起的方案執行成本、開放式基金的流動性成本及特定基金的風格執行成本。 -
Those issues discussed in contract economics such as agency cost, incentive problems, moral hazard, adverse selection and free - rider problem, etc., all appear in the process of venture capital investment
契約經濟學所論述的代理成本、激勵問題、道德風險、逆向選擇、搭便車等，在風險投資過程中都會出現。 -
And particularly the fundamental and direct counterwork to achieve constitutionalism in china is the united kingdom and unified power, the " free - rider " problem of the induced changes, and the " paradox system " problem of the endogenous mode
中國實現憲政最根本和最直接的阻礙是大一統的權力，誘致性變遷存在的「搭便車」問題，內生型模式存在「制度悖論」的難題。 -
Based on wicksell - lindahl - samuelson tradition, standard public goods theory mainly focused on study of the demand side, which means great difficulty to solve public goods provision problem when considering those free - rider and the inherent defect of public choice mechanism
摘要源於威克塞爾林達爾薩繆爾森傳統的標準公共物品理論範式著眼于需求側的分析，由於搭便車的普遍存在和公共選擇機制的固有缺陷，公共物品供給問題難以解決。 -
This dissertation, through discussing respectively and researching by comparative method as to the compensation for damages for breach of a contract and for the infringement arising from road traffic accident which is related to serve contract, raises that, there exist mutual part and difference in the scope of damages, the principle of the fixation of liability, the proof of evidence, the rule of the counteraction between faults, the undertaking of the third party for the fault liability, the dealing of the free - rider with good - faith, as to the contract law and tort law in china
筆者在論文中，通過對具有服務合同關系的道路交通事故的違約損害賠償、侵權損害賠償的分別闡述和比較研究，說明了我國合同法和侵權行為法這兩種法律規范在賠償范圍、歸責原則、舉證責任、過失相抵規則適用、第三人過錯責任承擔、好意同乘者的處理等方面，既有相同之處，也存在諸多差異。 -
Since the scarcity and the high transaction costs generates the free - rider, a infringement incentive, in which case it needs to intervene in the law of infringement. the purpose of damages for infringement is to make a national infringement person assume liability for infringement and increase the cost of its infringement, even greater cost
在這種情況下需要侵權法來干預，侵權損害賠償的目的是讓理性的使自己利益最大化的加害人承擔損害賠償責任以增加其侵權成本，填補被侵權人的損失從而使侵權人無利可圖甚至付出更大的成本。 -
Given the historical background and system arrangements, their intimate connection is examined and policy implication on shareholding structure is presented according to the statistical results. as a result, we find the following results : first, it is shown in the empirical study that an over - diversified shareholding structure may lead to the " free rider " problem and the relative concentration of the shareholding is beneficial to the enhancement of firm value. second, the relative control by the legal person is beneficial to the enforcement of corporate governance in the chinese listed firm
（ 2 ）股權相對集中有利於提高我國上市公司價值；國家股比例對公司價值的影響不顯著；法人股比例與公司價值成u型曲線關系，當法人股比例在0 35 . 05之間時，公司價值隨法人股比例的上升而增加，當法人股比例超過35 . 05時，公司價值隨法人股比例的上升而下降；流通股比例與公司價值成負相關。 -
The government accepted the proposal of installation of a rider main system to provide free supplies to the people in the western and central districts of the island who had not yet installed independent water meters
港府接納華人建議，以旁喉向港島中、西區及灣仔區尚未安裝獨立水表的用戶，提供免費供水服務。
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