impact injury 中文意思是什麼
impact injury
解釋
沖擊傷-
Establishing an human spine dynamic model is an significan event to study spine injured biomechanics of pilot " s ejective injury, parachute opening, landing and study the endurance to impact loading on human spine. in this paper, the huston " s method of kane " s equations is developed so that it can be applied to the multibodysystem including translation between the bodyies. the dynamic model of human spine is provided basing on these theories, while the big movement of spine is considered. the deformation of vetebra is far smaller comparing with the intervetebra disc, so the spine is considered into multibodysystem including rigid bodies ( vetebra ) and the flexible bodies ( intervetebra disc ). the computer solution correspond with the results of the large scale human impact test. the rigid coefficient factors and the damping factor of intervetebra joints are obtained
人體脊柱動力學模型的建立對研究飛行員彈射救生、傘兵跳傘開傘、著陸等脊柱損傷的生物力學以及研究人體脊柱耐受沖擊載荷的極限問題都具有重要意義.首先發展了凱恩方程的休斯頓方法，使其可應用於變形體連接的多體系統，並以此理論為依據建立人體整椎脊柱沖擊動力學模型，此時考慮脊柱的大位移運動，每個椎骨的變形相對椎間盤的變形小得多，把脊柱看成由剛體（椎骨）和變形體（椎間盤）組成的多體系統.並以大型真人坐姿沖擊實驗結果進行了擬合，最後得到腰椎間關節剛度系數因子和阻尼系數因子 -
The simulation result showed that : variety of impact acceleration field has great influence on lower extremity injuries ; using safety belt has prominent efficiency to reduce lower extremity injuries ; using knee bolster with lower stiffness can reduce the loads to femur, knee and tibia ; the right foot placed on the brake pedal will increase the risk of foot injury evidently ; variety of footwell intrusion induced by impact deform of car forepart will influence lower extremity injuries severity to a certain degree
模擬結果表明:加速度場的改變對下肢損傷有非常大的影響;佩戴安全帶對降低下肢損傷風險有顯著的作用;膝墊採用較低剛度的材料可以較好地降低大腿，膝部以及脛骨的受力和損傷;右腳放在剎車踏板上會使得右腳損傷風險明顯加大;車體前部碰撞變形產生的腳艙侵入量對人體下肢的損傷會產生一定的影響。 -
Real - life marital conflict probably has a worse impact, kiecolt - glaser adds. " such stress before surgery matters greatly, " she says, and the effect could apply to healing from any injury
她還說，如果在接受外科手術之前蒙受這樣的壓力，就會產生巨大的不良影響，這種影響適用於任何受傷情況的愈合和恢復。 -
In china, because the grade crossing is master in urban road traffic, the occurrence probability of side impact accident is highest, its death rate is only next to front impact ’ s death rate, but the injury rate is first
在我國，由於城市道路交通路口以平面交叉形式為主，側面碰撞事故發生概率最高，其致死率僅次於正面碰撞，而致傷率卻居第一位。 -
However, an injury limited his impact in switzerland and the magyars lost in the final to germany
不過，傷病阻礙了他在瑞士的發揮。匈牙利在德國身上輸掉了決賽。 -
The vacuolations of plasma appear to expand over neurons. the " dark neuron " could be seen from 3h post - injury. a lot of capsule and high density substances were manifested in neurons by 7 days after impact
大鼠稱重后，按二班y一劑量用3的成巴比妥鈉腹腔內注射麻醉，以309重錘從25cm高處下落打擊，致中度腦損傷。 -
The kia cerato obtained poor results in the side impact tests with a high risk of injury to the driver ' s chest
起亞「賽拉圖」在側面碰撞中的結果也相當糟糕，對駕駛員胸部造成傷害的風險程度很高。 -
Human lower extremity anatomy structure was introduced in this paper, the mechanism of driver lower extremity injury during a frontal impact was discussed and categorized, and injury criteria and their basis were reviewed
本文介紹了人體下肢解剖結構，討論並歸類了前碰撞中駕駛員的下肢損傷機理，並闡述了各類下肢損傷準則。 -
On the basic of a great of literature reading and research on safety of side impact of the car, according to requirement of ece r95, applied madymo6. 2. 1 software, established simulation model of side impact of the car, researched the relationship between side rigidity of the car and passenger injury in side impact, which showed that during first impact the bigger side rigidity was, the more advantaged protection for the car and passenger in a definite range, and which drew a conclusion that the most serious part of passenger injury was pelvis during first impact. then detailed the substructure model by defining bodies, joints, contact types and contact characteristic, researched some improvement approach for side safety of the car, and then analyses a particular case, that was to say to fix vehicle door bar fender on between inner and outer plate of the vehicle door, analyzed the influence of passenger injury when the bar fender was fixed on different position, the result showed that the passenger injury was less when the bar fender was fixed on the height of vehicle door decorate bar. finally, a set of tests were performed, contrasting the simulation result with the test, analyzed the influence of the side rigidity of the car to passenger injury, which showed the test
本文在對汽車的側面碰撞安全性進行大量文獻閱讀和研究的基礎上，按照歐洲ecer95側面碰撞乘員保護法規的要求，應用多剛體動力學軟體madymo6 . 2 . 1 ，建立了汽車的側面碰撞模擬模型，研究了汽車的側面剛性對乘員損傷的影響，結果表明在「一次碰撞」中，在一定范圍內汽車側面剛性越大，越有利於汽車和乘員的保護，同時得出結論，即在「一次碰撞」過程中人體損傷最嚴重的部位是骨盆;然後通過定義各剛體、鉸鏈、接觸類型以及接觸特性，對該模型進行子結構細化工作，研究了加強汽車側面安全性的若干改進措施，並進行了一個特例分析，即在此模型的車門內外板之間安裝了車門防撞桿，分析了當車門防撞桿安裝在不同位置時對乘員損傷的影響，結果表明防撞桿位於車門裝飾條的高度時，對乘員的損傷較小;最後進行了一組側面碰撞試驗，通過試驗和模擬結果的對比，分析汽車的側面剛性對乘員損傷的影響，表明試驗和模擬結果是一致的，從而證明了模擬模型的有效性以及模擬結果的正確性。 -
Using the simulation method coupling of multi - body and finite element, the simulation model of frontal impact, side impact and car - pedestrian impact of a certain type of vehicle is established by madymo software, and the comparative analysis of impacting performance of the vehicle fitting with or without this equipment is made out. the simulation results show that the vehicle fitting with this equipment has better damping and energy absorption performance. combines with frontal bumper air bag, not only the injury to the occupants and pedestrians in crash accident can be decreased further, but also the damage to the vehicle can be decreased
3 .採用多剛體與有限元耦合的模擬計算方法，利用madymo軟體建立了汽車正碰、側碰及與行人碰撞的模擬模型，對有無該裝置時車輛的碰撞性能進行了比較與分析，結果表明安裝有該裝置時車輛具有更好的緩沖與吸能特性;結合前保險杠安全氣囊技術，不僅可以進一步減少碰撞事故對乘員及行人的傷害，而且可以減少碰撞事故對車輛本身的損壞。 -
So research on the safety of side impact becomes an important item in the passive safety of the car. “ second impact ” gives efficient cause for passenger injury, but “ first impact ” decides on exquisite degree of “ second impact ” to a large extent, so “ first impact ” has a large effect on passenger injury
因此，汽車側面碰撞安全性的研究成為汽車被動安全性研究的一項重要內容。 「二次碰撞」是造成人體損傷的直接原因，但「一次碰撞」在很大程度上決定了「二次碰撞」的劇烈程度，因此「一次碰撞」對人體損傷有很大影響。 -
Side impact accident of the car is next to front impact, which occupies about 30 percent of accident total in the forms of collision of front impact, side impact, rear impact and roll, and occupies about 35 percent in the accident of death and serious injury
在正碰、側碰、追尾、翻滾這些碰撞形式中，汽車側面碰撞事故約占事故總數的30 % ，僅次於正面碰撞，而在造成死亡和重傷的事故中，側碰事故約佔35 % 。 -
Results show that the selected compound material is a good defense against underwater impact wave and provide a experimental reference for the protective study of underwater blast injury
結果表明：所選復合材料層對水下沖擊波的防護措施是顯著的，可明顯減輕水下沖擊傷的傷情，為水下沖擊傷的防護研究提供了實驗依據。 -
The author makes a comparative analysis of the provisions of the prc maritime code regulating the liability of the carrier for the death of or personal injury to a passenger and the corresponding solutions of foreign laws and international conventions. she seeks to establish to what degree the solutions of international conventions have been incorporated into the prc maritime code and predict to what degree the amendment of athens convention will impact the domestic law. at the international level the carrier ' s liability has been stated by the 1974 athens convention relating to the carriage of passengers and their luggage by sea ( athens convention )
《海商法》及其配套法規僅就海上旅客運輸合同中承運人對旅客人身傷亡損害賠償限額作出明確的規定，我國法律和實務界對海上旅客人身傷亡損害的賠償范圍沒有作出明確規定，故作者對運輸過程中應由承運人負責的旅客人身傷亡的金錢損害賠償和精神損害賠償展開討論，參照外國和國內的相關法律制度，明確其賠償范圍和具體的計算方法。 -
When a fall is detected, the airbag will be triggered instantly to cushion the elderly and reduce the risk of injury. elderly wearing the equipment would be protected from the impact by the airbag which is triggered instantly upon the fall
長者平日只需穿戴一套非常輕巧的設備，裏面的動作感測裝置能從長者日常生活的動作中分辨出跌倒時的特別情況，在千鈞一刻的舜間動氣囊來保護長者。 -
Impact of early - stage hepatic ischemia - reperfusion injury on other organs of rats
肝缺血再灌注損傷早期對其他臟器的影響 -
From the view of practicing, chapter 4 goes on to explore the three basic elements in injury analysis, which are the volume of the subsidized imports, the effect of the subsidized imports on prices in the domestic market for like product and the consequent impact of these imports on the domestic producers of such products
第四部分從實踐的角度著重介紹了在確定損害時應當考慮的三個基本要素，即「進口數量」 、 「進口產品的價格影響」和「進口產品對國內生產者的影響」等，並對它們的把握尺度進行了探討。 -
In the present experiment studies, an acute traumatic model of lateral cortical impact was employed to study expressive changes of microtubule associated protein - 2 ( map - 2 ), cyclooxygenase - 2 ( cox - 2 ), glial cell line - derived neurotrophic factor ( gdnf ), caspase - 3 mrna and protein after brain injury in rats. immunocytochemical staining, western blotting, nucleic acid in situ hybridization with an oligonucleotide probe and computer image analysis were used to detect the dynamic changes of map - 2 mrna, cox - 2 mrna, gdnf mrna, and caspase - 3 mrna in the cortex after moderate traumatic brain injury ( tbi )
本實驗從自行設計大鼠腦損傷落體打擊器開始，先行建立了一個便於觀察和施加處理因素、控制性好、重復性好的動物模型，選用30g擊錘從25cm高處下落，沖擊應力d為355 . 09kpa ，打擊大鼠右頂部，造成中等程度的閉合性腦損傷，從病理形態學、組織超微結構觀察及微管相關蛋白- 2 （ microtubuleassociatedprotein2 ， map - 2 ） 、環氧合酶- 2 （ cyclooxygenase2 ， cox - 2 ） 、膠質源性神經營養因子（ glialcellline - derivedneutrophicfactor ， gdnf ） 、 caspase - 3基因及蛋白表達的時間性變化，詳盡系統地闡述腦損傷后各指標變化的時間規律性及表達差異可能的形成機制。 -
A good bicycle helmet must be able to absorb impact energy just as motorcycle helmets do to prevent brain injury
一個好的頭盔必須能夠很好的吸收外界對頭部的沖擊力和傷害正如摩托頭盔一樣，它們通常由三個部分組成，外殼（ -
In this paper, a car - pedestrian impact model was established by using the available multi - body pedestrian model and the software of madymo. by changing the main structure parameters of the car - front, the influence of car - front structures to the knee injury was analyzed, and the car - front structures that cause minor injury to the legs were proposed
本文採用現有的行人多體動力學模型，利用madymo軟體，建立了汽車與行人碰撞模型，通過改變汽車前部的主要結構參數，分析了汽車前部結構對行人膝關節損傷的影響，確定了在汽車與行人碰撞過程中對人體下肢損傷較小的汽車前部結構。
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