indicated weight 中文意思是什麼

Results indicated that the varieties could be classified into four types upon response of dry weight of root

結果表明，這些品種的根系對水分反應不同。

Directed on the present situation and existing problems in boosting beef cattle industry based on the yellow cattle improvement in china, the review indicated that several relationships, such as integration of individual households and large scale cattle farms, integration of yellow cattle improvement, crossbreeding, breed conservation and utilization, integration of high grain diet intensified fattening and low grain diet economic fattening, should be handled properly ; and the requirements of profitable cattle industry for increasing reproductive survive rate, using hybrid vigor and improving the weight gain, the main factors affecting economic return of large scale cattle farms and the technology level improvement in cattle industry were duiscussed as well

本文就近來我國以黃牛改良為特點的肉牛業蓬勃發展現狀與存在問題，指出應處理好養牛經營形式千家萬戶與規模牛場相結合、黃牛肉用與肉役兼用相結合、黃牛改良選育與雜交、保種及利用相結合、高精料強度肥育與低精料適度育肥相結合等幾個問題；並就提高養牛經濟效益對提高繁殖成活率、充分利用雜種優勢、提高日增重的要求和影響規模牛場經濟效益的主要因素及如何提高養牛科技水平等問題提出探討。

With the increase of substrate salinity, the accumulated sodium and chloride increased. as a result, all tissues had considerablly lower osmotic potentials than that of the solution on which they were grown at 60 day after planting. changes in length, dry weight, water content, ion concentrations, osomotic potential, ion content of hypocotyls during culture indicated that viviparous hypocotyls not only afforded nutrition for seedling growth, but also reserved ions, thus charged the balance of ion concentration and osmotic potential of the seedling

鹽脅迫下幼苗單株葉面積下降的程度大於光合速率的降低，葉面積的減小是導致減產的主要原因；木欖幼苗各組分中的離子濃度以及含量隨栽培時間而變化；栽培初期剛萌根時，幼苗原胚軸中的離子滲漏到培養液中；此後隨著根系的發育以及芽的生長，幼苗轉為從培養液中吸收離子，並以吸收na 、 cl離子為主。

The preparation of chain transfer, the mol percent of pea : aa : mma and the time of combind were systermic investigated. the performance of pc was refledted by the neat cement paste fluidity and fluidity losing. the results indicated : ( 1 ) the preparation of chain transfer was one of most factor of control the molecular weight of copolymer and influence the performance of pc

通過測定減水劑的水泥凈漿流動度及流動度損失宏觀反映合成減水劑共聚體pc的性能，研究結果表明： （ 1 ）鏈轉移劑是控制共聚物分子量影響共聚體pc性能的主要因素之一，在選擇鏈轉移劑zy 、用量為8 aa時的作用效果最佳。

The recombinants were constructed by transforming ppic9 a - xynb into p. pastoris gs115. the assay results revealed that the xylanase gene xynb was overexpressed and secreted effectually in p. pastoris. in 3l fermentor the expression level of xylanase xynba exceeded 1200iu / ml and the expressed xylanase had normal bioactivity. the molecule weight of xynba was determined as about 31kd which is higher than 23kd of original enzyme xynb from streptomyces olivaceoviridis a1. xynbb was gotten by deglycasylation of xynba, whose molecule weight returned to 23kd. we comparised the enzymatic properties of xynba expressed in p. pastoris, xynbb deglycasylated from xynba and xynb produced from streptomyces olivaceoviridis al : there was little difference among the three enzymes on optimal ph, the optimal ph of xynb and xynba were both 5. 2, the optimal ph of xynbb was 5. 0 ; the optimal temperature of xynb and xynba were both 60 c, while the optimal temperature of xynbb was 50 ? ; because of glycosylation the thermal stability of xynba was better than xynb and xynbb ; the specific activity of xynba and xynbb were 883. 88iu / mg and 832. 5hu / mg respectively, which were both lower than 2814. 45iu / mg of xynb ; the km values of xynb and xynba were similar to each other which were 21. 56 ( g / kg ) and 20. 87 ( g / kg ), while the km value of xynbb was 27. 10 ( g / kg ) ; the fmax of xynba and xynbb were 4568umol / mg. min and 5329umol / mg. min respectively which were lower than 27623 umol / mg. min of xynb ; additionally all of the three enzymes did not display cellulase activity. they all had well resistance to pepsion and trypsin, and were not sensitive to metal iron, surface active agent and chelating agent. the analysis of different xylans enzymatic hydrolysate revealed : by xynba, that the main constitutions of enzymatic hydrolysate of birch wood xylans were xylotriose and xyloquaiose, which account for 68. 43 % and 16. 50 % respectively, additionally there was 11. 79 % of xylobiose ; the main constitutions of enzymatic hydrolysate of corncobs xylans were xylobiose and xylotriose, which account for 81. 78 % and 11. 55 %. the result indicated that this xylanase was a kind of 1, 4 - b - d - xylanohydrolase and was fit to used in industrial procession of xylooligosacc harides

進一步對xynba進行了脫糖基化處理得到xynbb ，其分子量恢復到23kd ，證明xynba是糖基化蛋白。通過對畢赤酵母重組表達的木聚糖酶xynba 、脫糖基化的木聚糖酶xynbb以及橄欖綠鏈黴菌a1所產原酶xynb之間酶學性質的比較發現：三種酶的最適ph差異不大， xynb和xynba均為5 . 2 ， xynbb為5 . 0 ； xynb和xynba的最適溫度均為60 ， xynbb降為50 ：在耐熱性上， xynba由於糖基化作用熱穩定性明顯高於未糖基化的xynb和xynbb ； xynba和xynbb的比活性分別為883 . 88iu mg和832 . 51iu mg ，明顯低於原酶的比活2814 . 45iu mg ； xynb和xynba的km值相當，分別為21 . 56 （ g kg ）和20 . 87 （ g kg ） ，而xynbb的km值較大為27 . 10 （ g kg ） ； xynba和xynbb的vmax相差不大，分別為4568 mol mg ? min和5329 mol mg ? min ，明顯低於xynb的27623 mol mg ? min此外三種酶均無纖維素酶活性，對胃蛋白酶和胰蛋白酶有很好的抗性，且對作用環境中的各種離子、表面活性劑、螯合劑不敏感。通過對不同木聚糖的酶解產物的糖份分析發現：以樺木木聚糖為底物時，酶解產物主要為木三糖和木四糖，含量分別為68 . 43和16 . 50 ，另外還含有11 . 79的木二糖；以玉米芯木聚糖為底物時，酶解產物主要為木二糖和木三糖，含量分別為81 . 78和11 . 55 。

The insect feeding test indicated that the development of lymantria dispar was clearly put off, in which the insects feeded transgenic plants were 2 ages, when the insects as the control were 4 ages after treating 15 days. besides, the insect growth was restrained, that the weight of insect as control was 9. 7 and 6. 4 times compared to the treated ones. it also resulted that the foreign gene could normally express in the transgenic plants by displaying insect resistance in a certain degrees

舞毒蛾幼蟲發育推遲， 15天時處理為4齡，但對照仍為2齡，發育推遲了2個齡期；舞毒蛾生長受到抑制，對照的體重為處理的9 . 7倍與6 . 4倍，外源基因嚴重抑制幼蟲的生長，說明外源基因在轉基因白樺中能夠正常表達，轉基因植株表現一定的抗蟲性。

The results of carp ' s growth performance indicated : the mixed nutrient solution of psb could improve the increase of carp ' s weight than other three groups ( carp ' s diet of juxing, flavomycin, " yixubao " ), they are 9. 5 %, 9. 6 %, 15. 4 % respectively. and it could decrease the feed consumed / gain of carps than others, they are 2. 6 %, 6. 3 %, 4. 8 % respectively. all those showed that the mixed nutrient solution of psb could enhance the growth performance of carp

光合細菌復合培養物作為飼料添加劑應用於鯉魚生產試驗，在飼喂35天後試驗組總增重分別比某公司魚飼料組、添加黃黴素組（ 3ppm ） 、 「益畜寶」組提高9 . 5 、 9 . 6 、 15 . 4 ，料肉比降低了2 . 6 、 6 . 3 、 4 . 8 ，說明光合細菌可以提高鯉魚的生產性能。

The results indicated that the dimension, shape and purity of base material could meet the functional demand of solid lubricant ; the thermal decomposition temperature of ptfe resin exceeds 400 c, but organic and inorganic packing filler added in ptfe made the water absorption rate of composite material increased, melting temperature and decomposition temperature decreased, in the meanwhile oxidative decomposition reaction was accompanied ; polar groups such as c = o, c - o - c and so on in the carbon fiber surface is advantageous to increase compatibility with other components and interlayer shearing strength ; uniform design experimental method could help to find the relationship between formula and frictional property by relatively small tests. the developing trend of each formula ' s friction coefficient could be showed by fitting curve ; the friction coefficient with no copper powder or graphite in formula was relatively big. this fact showed that copper powder and graphite should be used cooperatively ; it was found that when the ratio of copper powder to graphite by weight is 15 : 60, 30 : 30 - 40 and 60 : 15 - 30 respectively, the friction coefficient was relatively small. the degree of crystallinity of pure ptfe reached maximum by air cooling and the abrasion loss also reached maximum among three ones ; at the same time, the abrasion loss of solid lubricant sample was also the biggest among three ones ; when solid lubricant matched with 45 # steel axle or gcrl5 steel axle, lubricant transfer film could be formed on metal surface, thus direct contact between the surface of metal friction pair rings was reduced. their working life was elongated extremely ; there was mainly much graphite, a little ptff, moo3, feso4, cus and so on in lubricant transfer film

試驗結果表明：所選原料的尺寸、形狀及純度可滿足固體潤滑劑的性能要求；聚四氟乙烯樹脂熱分解溫度超過400 ，但在ptfe中加入無機填料會使復合材料吸水率提高，熔融溫度及分解溫度降低，且伴有氧化分解反應；碳纖維表面含有c = o及c - o - c等極性基團，有利於提高其與其它組分的相容性，提高層間剪切強度；均勻設計試驗方法能夠用較少的試驗次數找出配方與摩擦性能間的關系，擬合曲線基本能表示各配方的摩擦系數發展趨勢；配方中不加銅粉或不加石墨，其摩擦系數均較高，說明銅粉和石墨應該配合使用；當銅粉15份、石墨60份時，銅粉30份、石墨30 - 40份時，銅粉60 、石墨15 - 30份時，摩擦系數均具有較低值；純聚四氟乙烯樹脂在空氣冷卻時結晶度最大，磨損量也是三者中最大的；同時，固體潤滑劑試樣在空氣冷卻時的磨損量也是三者中最大的：不論是固體潤滑劑與45 #鋼軸配副或是固體潤滑劑鑲嵌入銅套后與gcr15鋼軸配副，在金屬表面均可形成潤滑轉移膜，從而減少金屬摩擦副表面間的直接接觸，大大延長其使用壽命;轉移膜中主要含有較多的石墨、少量聚四氟乙烯、 moo 。

Twenty f1 combinations crossed among 5 varieties and strains different in fiber properties according to complete diallel crossing design were used to evaluate the heterosis and gene action of boll weight and lint percentage in high quality fiber property varieties in upland cotton in 1998 1999 for two year successively at nanjing. it was indicated that there existed small interactions with the environmental factors without maternal effects and the additive gene effect was in chief, attaining to 51. 2 % and 65. 4 % respectively for boll weight and lint percentage. the dominant effect was also in higher rate, 32. 6 % and 16. 8 % respectively. the population mean heterosis of boll weight and lint percentage over the mid - parental mean were relatively prominent 13. 3 % and 3. 5 % respectively in extreme significance. however, boll weight showed no significantly surpassing parental f1 heterosis over the better parent based on population mean ( 2. 0 % ) ; while the lint percentage expressed significant negative heterosis value ( - 2. 1 % ). the gene actions were in conformity with the heterosis expression. it was shown clearly that the f1 combinations crossed between parents with similar performances had relatively high dominant effects and significant positive f1 surpassing parental heterosis ( f1 heterosis over the better parent ) ; while no f1 combination crossed between the parents with prominent mutual difference surpassed the higher parent in yield components, which indicated that among those parents with less difference and close relationships, there still existed sufficient genetic variation or certain mechanism for creating variation and achieving greater advances in breeding. correlation analyses also indicated that there still existed severely undesirable negative correlation between yield and fiber properties as well as the difficulties for their simultaneous improvements

利用5個具有不同纖維品質性狀的品種（系）配製完全雙列雜交組合20個，通過親本和f1的2年隨機區組試驗發現產量性狀的鈴重和衣分與環境的互作效應小，不存在母體效應，並以加性遺傳效應為主，分別占表型方差的51 . 2 %和65 . 4 % ;顯性遺傳效應所佔的比率也較高，分別為32 . 6 %和16 . 8 % .鈴重和衣分的群體平均優勢較大，分別為13 . 3 %和3 . 5 % ，達到了極顯著;鈴重的超親優勢為2 . 0 % ，不顯著;衣分為顯著的負值（ - 2 . 1 % ） .遺傳分析與雜種優勢結果一致.具體表現在產量性狀上，親本相當配製的組合雜合顯性較高，其超親優勢正向顯著，而極值親本（差異較大）所配組合沒有超過高親的.這表明親本差異小、親源關系較近的親本中仍然存在足夠的遺傳變異或某種機制以創造變異使育種取得更大的進展.相關分析表明了仍然存在嚴重的品質與產量的負相關，遺傳改良的難度較大

This study was conducted to examine the interrelationship of 10 seed vigor traits in 12 wheat genotypes through variance, co - variance and path coefficient analysis, to determine broad - sense heritability, and to estimate genetic advance under selection. the genotypes showed significant difference for all traits, except for percentage of normal seedling. genetic correlation between conversion efficiency of seed reserve, electrical conductivity with other traits were not significant, showed that selection for any of them might be possible without hampering any other traits. however path coefficient analysis indicated that conversion efficiency of seed reserve, seed reserve utilization ratio have strong direct effect in affecting seedling weight, and that mean germination time has significantly negatively correlated in affecting gi. moderate to high estimates of broad - sense heritability, genetic coefficient of variation and expected genetic advance were obtained for electrical conductivity, germination index, mean germination time, seed dry weigh, seedling dry weigh, seed reserve depletion ratio indicating the possibility for improving these traits

本研究利用12個普通小麥品種對10個種子活力性狀的遺傳變異和相關研究，表明除正常幼苗百分率外，其餘種子活力性狀在品種間均存在顯著的差異.種子貯藏物質轉換效率、電導率兩個性狀間及與其它性狀均無顯著的遺傳相關，因此對他們的選擇不會影響到其它性狀.通徑分析表明幼苗干重主要取決于種子貯藏物質轉換效率、種子貯藏物質利用速率;發芽指數主要由平均發芽時間決定.電導率、發芽勢、幼苗干重、種子干重、發芽指數、種子貯藏物質消耗比率6個性狀表現中到高的遺傳力、遺傳變異系數和相對遺傳進展，指明通過遺傳育種手段改良這些性狀是可能的

The genetic correlations of six agronomic characters in some indica - japonica crosses were analyzed using mixed - linear model method. the results indicated that there existed correlations to a certain degree among the measured traits. the phenotypic correlations of plant height with filled grain or seed setting were significant. panicle length with total grains or filled grain, total grains with filled grain or seed setting, and filled grain with seed setting were the same. for panicle length with plant height or seed setting, total grains with filled, and for filled grain with seed setting, genetic correlations were also significant. further analysis, the result showed that genetic correlations between the measured traits were mainly due to domimant effects. in addition, additive correlations were significant for grain weight with panicle length or total grains or filled grain, and for total grains with filled grain

用混合線性模型方法對秈粳亞種間雜交組合農藝性狀的相關性進行了遺傳研究，結果表明：被測性狀之間大都存在一定程度的相關.其中，株高與實粒數、結實率，穗長與總粒數、實粒數，總粒數與實粒數和結實率，以及實粒數與結實率之間具有顯著的表型相關，總粒數與實粒數，實粒數與結實率，以及穗長與株高和結實率之間具有顯著的遺傳相關.進一步的分析表明，性狀之間的遺傳相關大多歸因於顯性效應，而粒重與穗長、總粒數和實粒數之間，以及總粒數與實粒數之間還具有極顯著的加性相關

The results oft - test indicated that few genetic main effects of qtls found were significant, among which additive by additive epistatic effects and additive effects were most significant for qtls controlling heading date, additive effects were most significant for qtls controlling kilo - grain weight

T測驗的結果表明，鑒別出的qtl中，遺傳主效應達到顯著的不多，其中抽穗期的qtl以加加上位性效應和加性效應最為顯著，千粒重以加性效應最為顯著。

Qualitative and quantitative detection of plants phas using gas chromatography ( gc ) indicated that hd were the major composition of phas and the maximum pha accumulation was 22 mg / g dry weight

用氣相色譜法對轉基因植株中的pha進行定性定量檢測，確定pha的主要成分為羥基癸酸（ hydroxydecanoate ， hd ） ，表達量最高為2 . 2干重。

According to china consumer association work of accept the consumer suit and product examination for many years, food security problem is continuously puzzling our country consumer since long ago. for example, the microbial contamination causes food poisoning, put other things in food, the management of bulk food condition still in chaotic, the quality problem is also serious, the weight of food is not enough, content indicated by food label is different with the symbol, the dining industry work condition is not actually good, food sanitation condition is also bad and so on

根據中國消費者協會多年接受消費者投訴和開展產品檢測工作發現，微生物污染導致食物中毒、食品中摻雜使假、散裝食品經營狀況混亂、質量問題嚴重、食品缺斤少兩、食品標簽標示內容與實際不符、餐飲業作業條件差，食品衛生狀況令人擔憂等食品安全問題長期以來一直困擾著我國消費者，這給政府管理提出了新的課題。

Abstract : shuangzengji was sprayed upon indica rice shanyou 63 and wheat variety 8504 at the beginning of rice heading and full - earing stag e of wheat respectively, to study the biological effects on rice and wheat. water was used as control. the results indicated that plumpness, 1000 - grain weight and percentage of fertilized grain were increased obviously by the using of shuangz engji

文摘:以水稻品種汕優63 、小麥品種8504為材料，在水稻抽穗始期、小麥齊穗期噴施增粒增重劑（簡稱雙增劑） ，清水做對照，研究其對稻麥的生物學效應，試驗結果表明：雙增劑能明顯提高籽粒充實度、結實率和千粒重。

The practice indicated that the eps roadbed have advantages of light weight and convenient construction, erection structure will reduce more ground press and land area. this method can reduce the settlement availably and it is an ideal lightweight filling of the widening roadbed

實踐表明， eps硬泡沫塑料具有質輕、施工方便等優點，採用直立式結構能進一步減小地基壓力，同時節約佔地，能有效的減小新老路基間的差異沉降。

The test indicated that 12 - 24 hours provided ample time for iron complexation to occur and that soluble fe ( ) complexed by lower molecular weight doc was more readily removed by biological oxidation. soluble fe ( ) was complexed with lower molecular weight, especially

腐植酸和亞鐵離子發生絡合反應最多只需要24小時;亞鐵離子更容易與低分子量的腐植酸絡合，亞鐵離子更容易與分子量小於4k道爾頓的腐植酸絡合。

The weight of each these scoring elements will be different according to class of the performance, as indicated on the judging forms

根據表演類型不同，每個得分項目的重要性都不同，在評分表上會做簡要說明。

The results indicated that liangyoupeijiu showed better plant and leaf type, higher ratio of grains to leaf area and larger photosynthesis area, stronger ability of population dry matter accumulation during the period of vegetative growth especially from heading to being mature, longer leaf duration and grains - filling after heading than that of its parents and controls s ; more grains per panicle, lager all sink per plant and 1000 - grain weight

結果表明：兩優培九株葉型好，粒葉比和光合面積大，營養生長期群體干物質積累能力強，始穗后葉片功能期長、籽粒灌漿持續時間較長，抽穗期至成熟期的干物質增量明顯強于其親本和對照組合；穗頸節間維管組織比親本及對照發達；兩優培九單株總庫容量大，每穗實粒數多，千粒重較大。

The results above indicated that the effect of boron on increase of root weight and sugar content existed differences among cultivars, different cultivation manners and fields to this correlation had no effect nearly and this has some guiding significance for rational cultivation of sugarbeet

試驗結果說明硼素對甜菜塊根增長和含糖率的提高因品種不同而有所差異，播種方式和種植區的不同對這種相關性影響不大，這對甜菜合理栽培具有一定的指導意義。