industry monopoly 中文意思是什麼
industry monopoly
解釋
行業壟斷-
Synthetic ammoniac fertilizer industry was once a monopoly in china. gn company was a major player in this field
合成氨化肥行業在我國曾經為壟斷經營行業， gn公司是其中一員。 -
Before the reforms, the chinese railway industry was highly centralized, main artery and half - militarized. it is a model of our country ' s traditional planned economic system, which lacks effective competition of government monopoly
改革開放以前，我國鐵路運營與管理體制是以高度集中、大動脈和半軍事化為特點的，是我國傳統的政府壟斷型缺乏有效競爭的計劃經濟體制的典型。 -
China manufacture industry presents over - competition market structure comparing with monopoly phenomenon in developed country, which offers a mythos to study rationalization of china industrial organization against the background of globalization
相對于發達國家的壟斷現象，我國製造業主要體現為過度競爭的市場結構，這為我們研究經濟全球化條件下我國製造業產業組織合理化問題提供了一個現實的切入點。 -
The national and international power industry tends to break the monopoly, introduce the competition and build competitive markets. in many countries, the emphasis on the reform is to unbundle ancillary services from energy
打破壟斷、引入競爭、建立電力市場是國際和國內電力工業的發展趨勢。在各國的電力改革中，其中一個主要熱點是輔助服務的解捆。 -
Jinjia printing follows strictly all guidelines set by the state tobacco monopoly administration ? the chinese government authority that is responsible for standard in the tobacco industry ? that call on the printing industry to use environmentally friendly, recyclable metallised paper on cigarette packs
作為中國煙標的行業標準制定者，勁嘉集團承擔了國家煙草專賣局組織的「卷煙商標印刷用可降解、再生的轉移噴鋁紙」的行業標準制定，積極推廣綠色環保煙標。 -
The paper analyzes comparatively interior transaction cost of integrated model with analysis structure of r. h. coase and market transaction cost of market model according to bargain proceeding ; analyzing economy of scales for electricity industry on the terms of its definition coming up with an improved " survival of the fittest " method to find optimum economic scale and explaining " separation of power plant from electric network " with the view of vertical economy ; studying selection and realization for valid competition of electricity industry with theory of contestable market, while setting up a oligarch monopoly competition model for the electricity market based on tax control of government with the thought of dynamic game theory of
應用科斯的交易成本分析框架對一體化管理模式下的內部交易成本進行分析，按照契約過程對市場化模式下的市場交易成本進行分析，並作了相應比較；按照規模經濟的定義對電力產業的規模經濟性進行了分析，提出改進的"適者生存法"來確定電力產業的最優經濟規模，並運用縱向經濟的觀點解釋"廠網分開" ；應用可競爭性理論研究了電力產業的有效競爭方式的選擇和實現，同時借鑒stackelberg模型的動態博弈思想，構建了基於政府稅收調控的電力市場寡頭壟斷競爭模型，通過對模型的分析說明了市場結構的演化和政府管制的必要性。 -
The combination of the conventionai 1 duaiistic economy structure and the new dualistic ecpnomy structure under the hi - tech industry forms a muitip1e " eriensive dualistic economy structure ". during the hi - tech industry deveiopment process, there exist the industry main body " dualistic configuration ", market monopoly competition " duality mathet structure and developmeof path " duality path " inside the hi - tech industry because of these iotercrossed each othef, the hi4ech industry development economy system is featured with the int6raction of compound dualistic economy structure. ln this paper it is caiied as super duaiistic economy structure mode, that is to say, the hi4ech industry
以此為基礎，對于高技術產業資本原始形成的途徑、高技術產業融資的「超二元化結構」體制模式及其效率問題分別進行了論述，提出決定高技術產業發展中金融支持體系的「超二元結構」和高技術產業融資的系統理論模式：大銀行、主板證券市場支持以模仿創新技術、規模壟斷為主要特徵的規模壟斷型高技術產業，中小企業的銀行、私募資本市場的天使投資和創業資本投資、創業板證券市場支持以原創性創新技術、技術壟斷和中小企業為主要特徵的技術壟斷型高技術產業。 -
These specialties consequently result in the instable equilibrium of software market and the emergence of monopoly power. unfortunately, the roar progress of technology makes the power faint and the monopoly firm does not dominate the market for a long time. in the last chapter, i also discuss the social welfare problem of software industry and draw some basic co nclusion
由消費者和供給者構成的軟體產品市場的特點是供求均衡點不穩定，由此導致軟體產品市場極易產生壟斷，但是，由於軟體產品的技術進步很快，壟斷的局面很容易被打破。 -
Moreover, the nature of the automotive industry worldwide ? gives the assemblers a monopoly position in the marketplace which again makes their suppliers highly dependent upon them for business ( womack et al, 1990 )
此外，汽車工業遍及全球的特徵- - - -數個非常大的法人公司在美國，和每一組合程式有非常大量的供給者在歐洲- - - -給了組合程式一個專利權在市場上，這再一次使得他們的供應商高度依賴他們來做生意。 -
5. it must reform the monopoly industry and introduce the competitive mechanism
第五，椎進壟斷行業改革，積極引入競爭機制。 -
Good results have been attained in reforms in chinese traditional monopoly industry of railway since china ' s reform and opening up. on the one hand, a gradual separation of the functions of administration from those of management is being carried out through the following steps : decentralization, all - round contract, production operation responsibility system and property operation responsibility system
改革開放以來，我國鐵路採取了一系列改革措施，一方面：從放權讓利到實行「大包干」 ，再到生產經營責任制，最終到實行資產經營責任制以求實現政企分開；另一方面，通過精簡機構，減員增效，調整路局結構及結構性分離等措施，以求提高鐵路行業整體競爭力。 -
By 1914 the era of monopoly in american industry had passed, and a new ecomonic structure was emerging.
到1914年，美國工業的壟斷時代已經結束，一種新的經濟結構正在出現。 -
As a professional organization, it strived energetically for the monopoly of the lawyer business and the autonomy of the law industry ; as a public organization, it sought political participation and constantly adjusted its form and style of political participation according to the continuous change of situation
作為職業團體，它積極尋求對律師業務的壟斷和律師行業的自治；作為公共團體，它謀求政治參與，並根據形勢的不斷變化，調整自己參與政治的形式與風格。 -
The main contributions of this dissertation are listed as the followings : l ) deducing and proving the " three in one " theory of natural monopoly, that is, from the angles of economies of scale, economies of scope and economies of network, giving an explanation of natural monopoly ; 2 ) putting forward the concept of " strict superadditivity " and proving that total value function and total revenue function of network economy have strict superadditivity ; 3 ) summarizing the emerging characteristics in the market definition of natural monopoly, that is, in the monopoly industry, " market " tends to be more and more smaller than " industry " ; 4 ) expounding that the objective patterns of regulatory reforms of the railway industry in china are explicit regulation with partly characteristics of implicit regulation ; 5 ) proving the idea that the structural reforms of the railway industry in china should be hierarchical ; 6 ) demonstrating the theoretical bases for whether infrastructure management should be separated from transpo rt operation ; 7 ) expounding and proving that the interior of the railway industry in china should implement the differential property rights reform pattern
本文的研究特點在於： （ 1 ）在規模經濟、范圍經濟的基礎上進一步推導並證明了網路經濟與自然壟斷的關系，即自然壟斷可以從規模經濟、范圍經濟、網路經濟三個角度來解釋論述； （ 2 ）明確提出了一個與鮑莫爾、潘澤與威利格等人提出的「成本劣加性」相類似的概念? ?價值優加性，並證明了網路經濟的總價值函數和總收益函數具有嚴格優加性； （ 3 ）概括了自然壟斷市場界定中所出現的新特徵，即在壟斷產業中， 「市場」正越來越小於「產業」 ； （ 4 ）進一步論證了中國鐵路產業規制創新的目標模式是兼有部分內生規制特點的外生規制； （ 5 ）在中國鐵路產業的結構改革中應體現分層次的思想； （ 6 ）明確論述了內容提要鐵路路網公司等自然壟斷環節是否分割的理論基礎; （ 7 ）提出並進一步證明了中國鐵路產業內部應實行差異化的產權改革模式。 -
Deregulation and reregulation for natural monopoly industry
自然壟斷行業的放鬆管制與再管制 -
Deregulation and regulation reform of natural monopoly industry
自然壟斷產業的放鬆管制和管制改革 -
The relaxation and reform of the control of natural monopoly industry
自然壟斷產業的放鬆管制與管制改革 -
The deregulation reform of natural monopoly industry in china
試論我國自然壟斷行業的放鬆規制改革 -
Thus, we must regulate the nature monopoly industry to avoid the overlap construct which means waste resources
因而，對自然壟斷產業而言，就需要對其進行規制，尤其是進入的限制，以避免重復建設導致的效率損失。 -
Chapter one discusses the current several principal monopoly situations : administration monopoly, industry monopoly, economy monopoly respectively
第一章分別論述了當前最主要的幾種壟斷行為：行政壟斷、行業壟斷與經濟性壟斷。
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