invisible capital 中文意思是什麼
invisible capital
解釋
無形資本-
On accounting of invisible capital and property
關于無形資產會計核算方法的思考 -
Questioning the loss of national invisible capital
國有無形資產流失問題探討 -
According to the nature of capital and investment system, the paper discussed several management measures with functional value such as the effective management of capital in kind, the effective management of capital of property right, specially permitted management, bot management and management of invisible capital and exploitation of estate. these measures can be referred and adopted by freeway managers in practice
根據高速公路資本的性質及融資方式的不同，探討了實物資本的有效經營、產權資本的運營、特許經營、 bot經營和無形資本經營，物業開發等幾種有使用價值的經營策略，供高速公路管理者在實際運營中參考選用。 -
To china, transnational corporations " direct investment brings not only visible resources such as capital, but also invisible resources such as research and development, technology, managerial experience, which promote china ' s technical progress
對中國而言，跨國公司直接投資不僅為其帶來了資本等有形資源，而且更重要的是帶來了研究與開發、技術、組織管理技能等無形資源，促進了中國的技術進步。 -
With the development of electric power industry reform, the customers are showing more demands in power quality, reliability, convenience and the whole process of service. however, as an invisible product, there is still no systematic research about its strategy, organizational structure and its hrm. no more are its promotion, marketing concept establishment and the capital arrangement
但是作為沒有形式產品的電力商品如何進行增供促銷，供電企業如何樹立完整的營銷理念，建立營銷戰略思想和完善的營銷組織體系，在市場營銷活動中如何進行合理的人力資源配備和資金安排等，都沒有比較系統的研究和探討。 -
From the second to the fifth chapter such problems concerning state - owned property right are illustrated respectively as its definition, valuation and price fixing and capital sources of undertaking party and the disposal and use of transfer income. problems are raised with regard to the process of current property right system diversity in state - owned enterprises, such as the disagreement to the definition of state - owned property right, no standard of evaluation, imperfection of price fixing system and relative confusion of transfer income disposal and use. what ' s more, new solutions are offered : the probe into state - owned property right definition " changsha model " is confirmed positively ; two specific ways of quantification - - " the method of average growth rate of state - owned property right " and " the method of average cost of labor in market " ; the concept " present value of earnings " is applied to the property evaluation of receivable accounts, finished goods, invisible assets and so on ; the unjust in price fixing of state - owned property right can be avoided by improving property valuation methods, perfecting capital market especially property right trading market and bettering information publishing system ; as to the guarantee problem of human resources financial contribution, an original key is offered
第一章運用產權理論對國企產權多元化改革進行經濟學分析；第二章至第五章主要圍繞國有產權的界定問題、評估問題、定價問題、承接方的資金來源問題、轉讓收入的處置運用問題分別進行闡述，指出了當前國企產權多元化過程中存在著國有產權界定不統一、評估不規范、定價機制不完善、處置運用相對混亂等諸多問題，並提出新的解決思路：肯定國有產權界定「長沙模式」的積極探索意義，提出量化職工創造剩餘價值的「國有資產平均增長率法」和「平均市場勞動成本法」 ；將「收益現值」概念運用到對應收賬款、產成品、無形資產等資產評估之中；應從完善資產評估方法、完善資本市場特別是產權交易市場和健全信息公開機制三個方面來解決國有產權定價不公問題；就人力資本出資的擔保問題提出實際債務承擔額（比例）應小於名義出資額（比例）的新思路，並認為人力資本市場上的交易價格應包括絕對出資額和相對出資額兩部分。 -
Speaking from the concept, the capital operation means that taking pursueing profits and is maximized, promotes the greatest appreciation of the capital as purpose, managed for the characteristic with the form of value, pass rational distribution and dynamic adjustment of the assets structure to the factor of production, etc. with the means, realize that carries on effectual comprehensive management to enterprise ' s assets ( inside, external, tangible, invisible ), i think, the state - run capital operation under the socialist market economy condition of our country possesses this kind of characteristic too
從概念上講，資本運營是指以追求利潤最大化、促進資本最大增值為目的的、以價值形態經營為特徵，通過對生產要素的優化配置和資產結構的動態調整等方式和手段，實現對企業資產（內部的、外部的、有形的、無形的）進行行之有效綜合經營，筆者認為，我國社會主義市場經濟條件下的國有資本運營同樣具備這種特徵。 -
The employers cost of human capital is the sum of visible cost salary and invisible cost recruiting, benefits and training expenses. sometimes, the invisible cost is even greater than the visible cost
企業的人事費用是「有形」成本工資和「無形」成本招聘福利待遇培訓等兩種的總和，有時「無形」甚至大於「有形」 。
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