joint author 中文意思是什麼

joint author 解釋
合著者
  • joint : n 1 接合，榫接合處，接合點。2 【解剖學】關節。3 【植物；植物學】節。4 【電學】接頭。5 【建築】接...
  • author : n. 1. 著者，作家。2. 著作物，作品。3. 創造者；發起人。vt. 〈美國〉1. 寫，寫作。2. 創造，創始。 author a book 寫一本書。3. 【自動化】（在計算機上）製作（網頁）。
  1. The paper advances a creative design method of mechanism structure based on single - gemel kinematic chain. by replacement pairs of single - joint kinematic chains and symbolization usual kinematic pairs, author

    本文在總結前人提出的多種結構創新綜合方法的基礎上，提出一種基於單鉸運動鏈的機構結構創新設計方法。
  2. In the second part of the article, the author introduces the comparison of system of constitution litigation in our country with system in foreign countries. at present, there are four kinds of system of constitution litigation in the world including the kind of general court, the kind of constitutional court, the kind of joint investigation of constitutional committee and administrative court, the kind of joint investigation of parliament and general court

    論文的第二部分介紹了中外各國憲法訴訟制度。世界上存在著四種類型的憲法訴訟制度，即普通法院型、憲法法院型、憲法法院與行政法院并行審查型、議會與普通法院并行審查型，並介紹了四種類型憲法訴訟制度的優勢與不足。
  3. As to this, the author classified it to two categories, they are the cause of breaking promise and the cause of legal provision. the former specifically covers joint obligation, impartible obligation, concurrent obligation and joint responsibility guarantee etc ; the latter mainly refers to together tortious act and together jeopardizing act. here, the author also discusses in view of the practice to clarify the issue of the application of law

    即連帶責任的違反約定的成因和違反法定的成因，而前者具體包括連帶債務，不可分債務，並存的債務承擔，連帶責任保證等，而後者則主要是指共同侵權行為和共同危險行為，當然對此筆者也進行了實踐上的探討，以明確法律的運用問題。
  4. As concerned as the external and internal validity of joint debts, the author contends payment, court ' sjudgement exemption of debt and so on should have absolute validity while debtor s postpone to fulfill his debt, the situation in which payor is unable to pay and so on should have relative validity

    筆者認為成立連帶責任必須具備債的一方或雙方當事人為數人、債的標的須為同一、債務人之間須有連帶關系三個要件。其次論述了連帶之債的成因:法律行為和法律規定。
  5. In this article, in the light of article 133 of criminal law and some newly passed judicial interpretation, the author starts with the constitution of the crime of causing traffic casualties and makes a thorough research on the question of the characterization of causi ng traffic casualties with driving non - motor - driven vehicles or without public control rules, the rationality of judicial interpretation about the joint crime of causing traffic casualties and the moral damage of the crime of causing traffic casualties, in the hope of making some benefits to the legislation and judicial interpretation in future

    本文中，筆者結合刑法第一百三十三條的規定及最新通過的一些司法解釋，從交通肇事罪的犯罪構成入手，就駕駛非機動車輛肇事、在公共交通管理范圍外肇事的定性問題，有關司法解釋中關于交通肇事共同犯罪的合理性問題，交通肇事犯罪的精神損害賠償問題等進行了深入的探討，以期對今後的立法和司法解釋有所裨益。
  6. On the basis of analyzing the actual way of classification of unloading zones, the author puts forward a divisiory way of adopting joint rate, opening joint rate and summation of joint width as quantitative indexes according to formation mechanism and geological exhibition of unloading zones

    在分析目前卸荷帶劃分方法的基礎上，根據卸荷帶的形成機理及地質表現，提出了用裂隙率、張開裂隙率和「隙寬和」 3個量化指標進行卸荷帶的劃分。
  7. Through an exhaustive analysis about the original condition of the intellectual property rights system and its expansion performance, the author discuss the reason of the expansion, then make an objective appraisal on it ? the expansion has already challenged the embodiment balanced spirit constituted to its system enormously. with joint forces in all sorts of factors ( artificial factor played an major role ), the intellectual property rights has already gradually departed from the rationality goal which embodied in it. and also it has affected to the realization of social public benefit

    在對知識產權制度本身及知識產權權利擴張的表現與原因進行了客觀的分析與評價后，認為知識產權的擴張已經對其制度內蘊的平衡精神構成了極大地挑戰，知識產權在種種因素（其中人為的因素起到了極大的推動作用）的合力下，已經逐漸背離其建立之初的目的理性，並影響到了社會公眾利益的實現。
  8. At the preface part, the author discusses the complexity and diversity of joint act of tort including the subject diversity, and identification of behavior and effect, inseparability of liability

    在引言部分，文章從共同侵權行為主體的復數性、行為和結果的共同性以及責任的不可分性談起，認識共同侵權行為本身的復雜性和多樣性。
  9. The author analyzed the problem existing in joint services, and proposed that a general hospital should do as follows ; establishing extensive health view to advance service mode, enhancing the cooperation with grass - root institutes based on the improvement of service quality, providing technology and training support for grass roots with its own advantage

    作者分析了聯勤衛生服務存在的一些問題，提出了軍隊大型綜合醫院應建立大衛生觀，改進服務方式;立足提高服務質量，加強與基層醫療機構的合作;利用自身優勢，為基層提供技術和人才培訓支持。
  10. The second problem is that after material choice, how can we put the material in proper position to avoid mouthpiece vertically. the third problem is that for every belt of the equipment " s material, what angle can we put the joint weld, because the improperly arrangement of joint weld will reduce the equipment ' s pressure _ bearing ability. the thesis has researched the optimizing condition of material selection and weld joint position arrangement in chemical equipment making technology. the author also discuss the optimized model and develop a stock layout software by using microsoft corporation ' s tools visual basic 6. 0

    本文針對以上問題，根據化工設備生產實踐討論了化工設備製造過程中對材料用料選擇的優化及排料時焊縫位置（環縫、縱縫）的優化，建立了用料選擇優化計算模型及焊縫位置的優化計算模型，並利用microsoft公司的程序開發工具visualbasic6 . 0開發了化工設備智能排樣系統，該系統可以根據用戶材料及用戶在設備製造過程中各種要求進行優化計算並輸出優質的設備製造排樣圖。
  11. Also, the author ’ s design strategy and creativity has been given in this paper. specifically, it includes : based on the feasibility analysis of the fit selection of control parameters in the aeration process, the aeration process of wastewater treatment of the joint - constructional complete - mixed activated sludge process has been aimed at in this paper. then, the state equations of the aeration process have been proposed in this paper, which is on the base of dissolved oxygen concentration ( do ) and discharge quantity of sludge ( qw ) as control variables, the concentration of bod and sludge as state variables. based on the present study on optimization control of wastewater treatment, the multivariable optimal control model with restriction factor has been presented in the paper with introducing modern control theory and system analysis into the field of activated sludge wastewater treatment,

    具體包括:以完全混合、表面曝氣合建式活性污泥工藝的污水處理曝氣過程為研究對象，在闡述了曝氣過程式控制制參數選取可行性的基礎上，建立了以溶解氧濃度do和活性污泥排放量qw為控制變量，以曝氣池中有機物濃度s和微生物濃度x為狀態變量的活性污泥曝氣過程的基本狀態方程;運用現代控制理論的觀點和污水處理理論，在現有關于污水處理最優控制問題研究的基礎上，建立了有約束條件多變量能耗最小數學模型，該數學模型是以有機物排放總量和狀態變量的末值條件作為約束條件，曝氣過程的能耗最小作為目標泛函;採用增廣拉格朗日乘子法對最優控制問題進行轉化，並對應用極大值原理求解能耗最小這一最優控制問題進行了詳細的解析;引入約束運算元，應用具有控制約束的共軛梯度演算法對能耗最小這一最優控制問題進行求解，並進行模擬實驗驗證。
  12. In the third, the author analyses in detail to which way to choose among single - venture running 、 joint stock running 、 rent running

    第三章針對獨資經營、參股經營、租賃經營這三種經營方式，對大連海運分公司採用何種經營方式合適作了詳細的分析。
  13. The author suggests that the stock - right medical institutions, including the sino - foreign joint - founded and cooperative medical institutions, adopt " three - board - mode ", while the share - holding co - operative medical institutions can choose " workers and stockholder in one conference mode " or " workers and stockholder conference co - existing mode ", etc. part four expounds the modification and termination of the profit medical institution

    並建議股權制醫療機構（包括:中外合資合作醫療機構）採取「三會並立」的組織機構設置模式，股份合作制醫療機構可選擇採取「職工大會、股東大會合一模式」或「職工大會、股東大會並存模式」等。
  14. The author choosed weighting matrix for different sea conditions, designed the controller and the rudder / fin joint control system. finally, the author simulated the controller with matlab. according to the simulation curves and data, we could find that the controller designed using state feedback control theory has nice control performance on rearing and rolling, but the control performance on pitching is not very good

    為不同的海情選取了加權陣，求出控制器，完成了船舶舵鰭聯合控制系統的設計工作最後，用matlab語言對控制器進行模擬，從模擬曲線和模擬數據可以看出，使用狀態反饋h ~控制理論設計出來的控制器對艏搖與橫搖有較好的控制效果，而對橫蕩控制效果不理想，基本達到控制目的。
  15. The author affirmed : the institutes should be changed to a joint company running in the system of shareholders " meeting, directors " meeting and supervisors " meeting. the adjusting of capital should obey the principle of " the high directors owned shares being main, the managers and kernel technologists owned shares being domination, the private and other enterprises " owned shares being more than half, and the state owned shares being less than half. in order to get the human capital coming true, it is recommended that the institutes can give shares when high managers buy the shares of the institutes and give the right of getting bonus in future to kernel technologists

    通過研究，筆者認為：在企業組織形式上要建立股份制的現代企業制度，形成三會制約的現代企業管理體制；在資本結構重組過程中，要按照「高管人員持股居主導地位，經營層和核心技術人員持股居控制地位，職工和社會持股居控股地位，國有股居次要地位原則」調整股權結構：要特別注意人力資本實現問題，通過配股、期權等辦法解決高管人員和核心技術人員智力成果的資本化。
  16. This essay that aims to definite the leisure - entertainment industry and analysis the developing mold, industry joint, construct, supplying and replacing elasticity of leisure - entertainment industry completed by applying the theories of industry economy, the 3th. industry economy and west economy and sociology under the background of xiaokng society. at last, author gives several countermeas. ures that correspond to the problems existing in the leisure - entertainment industry

    本文的研究就是在小康社會這個大背景下，運用產業經濟學、三產業經濟學以及西方經濟學、社會學等學科中的相關理論對體育休閑娛樂產業進行界定，並對體育休閑娛樂產業的發展模式、產業關聯、產業結構的「低度化」和「同構化」以及該產業的產品的某些供給彈性和替代彈性等問題進行分析、探討，並且有針對性的提出相應的對策。
  17. In this paper, the author hold that, modem china has gone through a crisis of legitimacy during the process of the formation of chinese modern national state, because of three joint factors, as the national crisis, the political crisis, and the legal crisis

    本文認為，近代中國在民族國家形成過程中，由於民族危機、政治危機和法律危機，使近代中國面臨「合法性危機」 。在此背景下展開了法律近代化運動。
  18. By reviewing the evolvement of the technology of joint production of coal - burning electricity generation and cement, the problems existed in which and ways for solving these problems are put forward by author

    摘要筆者對中國燃煤發電聯產水泥技術的研究進展情況進行了系統的分析研究，指出目前該項技術研究存在的問題，並提出解決問題的對策。
  19. The author probes into the essence of joint crime theory in civil law ， tracing to the source and carefully arranging the scope of joint crime in terms of theory of criminal joint and theory of behavior joint and the nature of joint crime in terms of theory of accessory of accomplice and theory of independency of accomplice

    對犯罪共同說、行為共同說這一共同犯罪的范圍問題和共犯從屬性說、共犯獨立性說這一共同犯罪的性質問題作了追根溯源的梳理，探索了大陸法系共同犯罪理論之真諦。
  20. Method : in this study the author established a three - dimensional computerized model of hip joint and tested the range of motion of three different head - neck ratio after total hip arthroplasty

    方法：應用計算機模擬技術建立人工全髖關節三維計算機模型，模擬測試三種不同頭頸直徑比全髖假體在體外不同安置方位的活動范圍。
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