land runoff 中文意思是什麼
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Stripping the land in these ways allows faster surface runoff and exacerbates flooding.
這些做法終將使土地裸露、地表徑流加快，從而加重了洪水的威脅。 -
Leveling hilly land into terraces, which slows the rate of runoff, allows more water to soak into the soil.
把丘陵土地平整成為梯田，減慢水流速度，讓更多的水滲到泥土裡。 -
Through the analyses of characteristics of gully thalweg and soil erosion in upland and gully land, sediment sources in small watershed, sediment yield relationship between upland and gully and ecological functions of vegetation corridor, it is considered that vegetation corridor combined with land preparation measures may block runoff and sediment from upland and reduce the amount of soil erosion in a watershed by 54. 5 % ~ 77. 0 %
摘要在分析黃土高原地區的溝沿線、溝沿線上下溝間地和溝谷地土壤侵蝕特徵、小流域泥沙來源、坡溝侵蝕產沙關系的基礎上，結合廊道的生態功能和以往的研究結果，認為在溝沿線的上部建立草灌與整地工程措施相結合的植物廊道，來攔蓄阻截溝間地的來水來沙，可使流域的土壤侵蝕量減少54 . 5 % ~ 77 . 0 % 。 -
Referring to the achievements of conservation tillage on dry land farming, there is a series of work to be done to develop new tillage techniques to adapt to double cropping system of wheat and maize in shandong province. such work includes controlling the combine traveling along the line, return the stalk to the field after chopped, subsoiling being done in maize ' s growing stage. the advantage of subsoiling is to make the soil inter placed with soft and hard strips, which is good for decreasing runoff and vaporizing, and retaining rain
1 、保護性耕作條件下，普通小麥條播機的播種質量較差，小麥的田間出苗率比傳統耕作低9 . 3 ；保護性耕作小麥冬前地上部分的生長狀況也較傳統耕作小麥差；由於根系的生長條件較為優越，保護性耕作的小麥的根系生長旺盛、分佈廣，越冬後有利於小麥的地上部分生長，大量發生春季分蘗和次生根，幼穗強烈分化，表現出較傳統耕作小麥強的生長優勢，產量提高6左右。 -
Results showed that available k and ( no3 ) ^ ( - 1 ) content were higher in surface runoff in slope cropland and intercrop land between crop and forestry than those in fallow land, intercrop land between forest and grass and afforestation land
研究結果表明： （ 1 ）坡耕地及農林間作下地表徑流中的有效鉀和硝態氮含量高於撂荒荒坡、林草間作和造林林地。 -
In light of current using situation and drawing on the experience of many scholars researched methods and viewpoints, this thesis made com land, fallow land, orchard, grass land as experimental field in black soil region jlau, which carried out experiment by applying different amounts of n and p fertilization in corn field. by means of collecting the samples of rainfall runoff, erosion silt and surface layer soil before and after rainfall for one year nature precipitation in field, we study the effect of surface runoff on n and p nutrient and fertility degeneration. the results showed : ( l ) there are lots of factors which affect soil erosion and losses of n and p, in which rainfall and rainfall intensity were more important, while rainfall intensity is the most important meteorological phenomena factor
針對當前黑土利用現狀，本文借鑒眾多學者的研究方法和觀點，在吉林農大黑土區選擇利用方式不同的玉米地、休閑地、果園、草地，在玉米區進行了不同數量的施肥，通過野外試驗，採集一年自然降雨產流及泥沙樣品，同時採集降雨前後的耕層土壤樣品，研究了黑土區地表徑流對氮磷養分特徵及肥力退化的影響，結果表明：土壤侵蝕和氮磷的流失受諸多因素的影響，降雨量、降雨強度是重要因子，而降雨強度是影響農田地表徑流養分流失的最重要的氣象因子，特別是暴雨，暴雨徑流中氮磷濃度較平時高得多；隨作物生長，覆蓋度逐漸增加以及不同利用方式下表現的覆蓋度差異，氮磷流失都表現為顯著的差異。 -
In addition, bare land covered with weed would delay runoff - yielding time, increase infiltrated water, and make soil water move deeper
裸地坡面覆蓋雜草，能延緩產流時間、增加入滲，並促進土壤水分向深層的運移。 -
The middle and lower parts of woodland and grassland had higher soil water contents during rainy season, which resulted from smaller evapotranspiration and more infiltrated water with a lower gradient. however, upslope runoff infiltration was another reason for hillslope with a lower cover ratio, such as bare land
雨季林草地坡中下部土壤水分含量較高的原因，可能主要與其蒸散較小且坡度較緩導致入滲水量較多有關；但是對于植被覆蓋度較低的坡地（如裸地） ，坡中下部土壤水分含量較高還與上方來水有較大的關系。 -
Different forms of organic nitrogen loss in soil by runoff in slope land of loess plateau
黃綿土不同形態有機氮徑流流失規律 -
Runoff amount in rainy season for different land - use types constituted more than 50 % of annual amount, while the proportion in drought season was less than 17 %. of annual total soil loss amount, the control accounted for 60 % and complex proportions for other lands. however, soil loss amounts in drought season for all lands were lowest in one year
雨季徑流量均佔全年的50以上，而旱季徑流量佔全年的17以下；而不同土地利用方式的土壤流失量佔全年流失量的比例則較為復雜，對照土壤流失量佔全年的60 ，而其它土地利用方式由於植被覆蓋、耕作和管理措施的季節性可能發生3 6月的土壤流失量小於7 10月的流失量，但旱季土壤流失量所佔比例均最小。 -
The results indicated that the land surface runoff volume was respectively 35. 19 m3 / a, 8. 42 m3 / a, 15. 95 m3 / a, 10. 63 m3 / a in the plots of non - forests p. yunnanesis, e. maedenii and a. mearnsii community
研究表明，在森林樹種個體水文生態作用方面，直干桉和黑荊樹冠截留能力比雲南松強，而雲南松樹干莖流量較高，直干桉樹冠下降雨量比雲南松、黑荊要大。 -
In addition, the weibull distribution is applied on the quest the regional space runoff rate. analytical expressions are presented for describing runoff over heterogeneous surface basis on physical mechanism of land surface hydrological process and by means of the statistics distribution theory. simulation test results show stochastic - dynamics method for the parameterization scheme of regional runoff over heterogeneous surface is creditable
文章還利用這種分佈模式（ weibull ）擬合區域的降水在地表的空間分佈型，並將此（中尺度區域）地表徑流區域內所代表的瞬間徑流率考慮為降水在地表的分配與地表（土壤）層水分吸收過程的余項。 -
For this reason, our objective is the research of the mechanism of runoff generation and characteristics of moisture changing process of slope farming purple soil, accordding to the theory of hydrology and the intergrated - means of compined the hydrology with the peodology, because it is the basis of the studies : soil erosion and protection, farming - land water balance, non - point pollute, etc., and the direction gist of runoff arrange implement, solving water hazard and management of irrigation and fertilizer
綜觀國內外有關研究，我們認識到對紫色土土壤產流和水分變化特徵的認識，是認識該區土壤侵蝕與保護、農田水量平衡、非點源污染等的機理和規律的基礎，也是解決該區水患問題、實施徑流調節而提高旱地的雨水利用程度，以及水肥管理等的基本科學依據。因此，以水文學原理為基礎，採取水文學與土壤學、地理學、水土保持學等相結合的途徑，研究紫色土坡耕地的降雨產流機制與產流後土壤水分的變化特徵，是具有新的科學價值和現實意義的。 -
Therefore, the development of the surface runoff and subsurface run - off mechanisms, and a soil moisture model that can represent the hydrological processes correctly is sig - nificant in improving land surface modeling
因此，發展合適的地表地下徑流機制以及土壤水模型對于改進陸面水文模擬具有重要的的意義 -
The simulations show that the subsurface runoff model can reasonably simulate the variation of the subsurface runoff during 11 years from 1980 to 1990 in this river basin, which will be useful to improving land hydraulic simulations
結果表明:該模型合理地模擬該區域10年內基流的變化，對于改進陸面水文模擬是有意義的 -
The simulated values by year and moon of many nutrients such as n and p are obtained in lianshui watershed and its 62 sub - basins. besides, the simulation of chemical runoff of lianshui basin is carried on based on the land use in 1993 and in 2000. also the results are analyzed from time ( annual and moon ) and space respectively
獲得了瀲水河流域及其62個子流域的按年和月輸出的多種養分的模擬值；並利用1993年和2000年兩期的土地利用分別對江西瀲水河流域的化學徑流進行了計算機模擬，從時間（年和月）和空間上分別對模擬的結果進行了分析研究。 -
Hang - jia - hu water - net plain is the primary grain production base of zhejiang province. with a high population and intensive land utilization, agricultural non - point source pollution is extremely serious in this region. animal wastes, household cleaning products, farmland runoff and leakage mainly contribute to the anpsp
杭嘉湖水網平原地區是浙江省主要的商品糧基地，土地利用強度大，人口稠密，農業面源污染嚴重，其中畜禽糞尿、生活污染、農田徑流和滲漏是該地區三大主要的農業面源污染源。 -
The parameter in the xin ' anjiang model, imp, was extracted directly from above land use / cover data. another parameter, sm, in each subcachment and in each raster grid was obtained from the relation between sm and the ratio of forest land area to subcatchment area. thus, a semi - distributed hydrological model and a distributed hydrological model were established to analyze the effect of some parameters in xin ' anjiang on runoff process according to the spatial variability of land surface characteristics
將遙感技術獲取的土地利用和地表覆蓋一公里柵格信息與數字高程模型數據進行空間配準，然後通過構建林地面積比與新安江模型參數sm的關系間接確定各子流域及各柵格單元的的sm值，新安江模型參數imp由配準好的土地利用和地表覆蓋信息直接提取，由此建立方案與方案，來分析受下墊面覆蓋的空間不均勻性影響的模型部分參數是如何對模擬水文過程產生影響的。 -
This model is validated by a subsurface flow separation algorithm for an ex - ample river basin, which shows that the new model can simulate the subsurface flow reasonably. keywords : subsurface runoff parameterization, boussinesq - storage equation, water storage and re - charge. hydrological processes including surface runoff, subsurface runoff, and soil water movement play a great role in land surface processes
文中基於boussinesq - storage方程建立了同時考慮潛水面水分儲存和非飽和層水分入滲兩方面影響的地下徑流機制，並利用流域水文資料以及地下徑流分離演算法驗證了所建立模型的可靠性，結果表明該模型能夠比較合理地模擬地下徑流的變化情況 -
Through the dome runoff sediment deposition trial in three experiment stations including ningcheng, helin, dongsheng in inner mongolia, using the way of data analyzing, whether the relationship of representative influencing factor of soil erosion and the amount of soil erosion of sloping farm land in loess hilly in inner mongolia during once rainfall is exist and how much is the degree of correlation
摘要通過對內蒙古寧城、和林、東勝三個試驗站進行坡面徑流泥沙試驗，採用數據分析法，研究內蒙古黃土丘陵區坡耕地在一次降雨中各典型影響因子與土壤侵蝕量之間是否存在相關關系及相關程度問題。
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