liquid laser 中文意思是什麼

The first liquid laser was operated in january of 1963.

第一個液體激光器是在1963年1月運轉的。

The researchers found similar results when the laser beam strikes chlorofluorocarbons in the liquid state.

研究人員發現用激光照射液態的氟氯烴時，也得到類似結果。

For liquid xe aerosol spray target, important lpp characteristics, such as laser - to - euv conversion efficiency, euv radiation absorption, debris production by target material erosion or deposition, are studied in detail, a 13. 4nm conversion efficiency of 0. 75 % into 2 % bandwidth and 2 steradian emission solid angle is achieved at 0. 5mm laser - nozzle distance

在實驗上，建成了一套高光譜解析度和高靈敏度的軟x射線脈沖輻射測量裝置。測量了co _ 2 、 o _ 2 、 cf _ 4 、 kr和xe液體微滴噴射靶lpp光源在6 20nm波段的軟x射線輻射光譜。

Circulating liquid laser

循環式液體激光器

Laser, ultrasonic beam and microwave are used in non contacting level measuring systems. laser systems suffer from dirt, ultrasonic sensors are strongly affected by changes of the velocity of sound and usually a pipe is needed to couple the ultrasonic waves into the liquid tank, which is difficult when there is a high pressure or when explosion protection is necessary

壓力式液位測量系統原理簡單、成本低，但測量精度和應用場合有一定的局限性，超聲液位儀精度較高，但設備復雜，一般需要用導管將超聲波傳到被測的液體中，因而安裝維護較麻煩，激光測距系統對環境要求嚴格。

Face - pumped liquid laser device

面抽運液體激光器

According to the guidline, two nd : yag lasers have been designed and set up, one is end - pumped by lower output power ld using a selfoc micro lens, and the other is end - pumped by high output power ld using a pair of lenses are designed, and the characteristics such as output power and power stabilization of both solid - state lasers are investigated. thirdly, when an empty liquid crystal cell is inserted in the cavity of the nd : yag laser pumped by high power ld, the laser can operates in single axial mode. finally, according to the relationship between the laser output power and the longnitudinal a ld - end - pumped nd : yag laser sensor for displacement measurement has been investigated theoretically and demonstrated experimently, the results indicate that when the mean radius of pumping inside the laser cavity is far less than that of the oscilating laser mode, the exponential of the output power is a gauss function of the longitudinal positon of focused spot of ld pumping beam, both the measurement range and the sensitivity are dependent on the incident pumping power, as the incident pumping power is increased, the measurement range is enlarged and the sensitivity is improve d

本文首先介紹了ld泵浦nd ： yag激光器的發展狀況、主要特性及其應用，從四能級速率方程出發，推導了ld泵浦nd ： yag激光器的閾值、輸出功率和斜效率的表達式，並簡述了激光器的工作原理、結構型式和倍頻方法；其次，以空間相關的速率方程為基礎，提出了ld端面泵浦nd ： yag激光器的設計方法，給出了一定泵浦耦合方式下，振蕩光模尺寸、最佳輸出耦合率、泵浦光模尺寸、泵浦光焦斑位置等參數的選取依據，以此為依據，設計了自聚焦透鏡耦合小功率ld泵浦nd ： yag激光器和透鏡組耦合高功率ld泵浦nd ： yag激光器，對激光器的輸出功率和功率穩定性等特性進行了實驗研究；再次，在帶尾纖輸出的高功率ld泵浦nd ： yag激光腔內插入一隻空液晶盒，觀察到了激光器以單縱模運轉；最後，根據泵浦光焦斑端面位置對激光輸出功率的影響規律，提出了ld端面泵浦nd ： yag激光位移傳感新方法，並進行了理論和實驗研究，研究結果表明：當激光晶體內泵浦光平均光斑半徑遠小於振西安理工大學碩士學位論文蕩光束腰半徑時，激光輸出功率的自然指數與泵浦光焦斑的縱向位置成高斯變化規律，測量范圍和靈敏度依賴于泵浦功率，隨著泵浦功率的增加，測量范圍擴大，靈敏度提高，當端面泵浦功率為7 . 24w （最大輸出功率為1 . 926w ）時，激光位移傳感器的測量范圍和靈敏度分別是13 . 045mm和0 . 148mw / pm 。

In this dissertation, we mainly report on a laser - produced plasma ( lpp ) source with liquid aerosol spray target. for sufficiently high backing pressure and low temperature, the valve reservoir gas of the light source can undergo a gas - to - liquid transition

液體微滴噴射靶激光等離子體（ lpp ）光源是一種具有較高的軟x射線轉換效率且能夠長期連續運行的低碎屑光源。

A cyclic radial shearing interferometer was used to diagnose the wavefront distortion of a laser system and an lcslm ( liquid crysnd spatial ligh modulator ) was used to control it. some results have been summarized as follows : l. according to the theory of scalar quanity diffeaction and the model of the random gaussian phase screen of low frequency wavefront, the effect of the low frequency wavefront with different rms gradient on the focal spot of a laser beam was studied

本論文在激光光束波前畸變檢測和控制上進行了新的探索，主要就空間相位調制環路徑向剪切干涉儀以及它對波前畸變的檢測和液晶空間光調制器及其對中頻段波前畸變的控制進行了研究，其研究的內容和取得的成果如下：一、根據標量衍射理論，結合低頻波前畸變的高斯隨機位相分佈模型，研究了不同均方根梯度低頻畸變波前對激光光束焦斑聚焦性的影響，並採用描述中頻段波前畸變的功率譜密度概念，模擬計算了它對激光焦斑旁瓣的貢獻。

Study on the new liquid matrix for laser desorption - ionization mass spectrometry

激光解吸電離質譜新型液相基質研究

Abstract : the construction of the liquid angular sensor in the laser beacon is designed, the work principle and magnify circuit are analysed

文摘:對激光基準信標儀中所採用的液體擺角傳感器的結構進行設計，分析其工作原理、放大電路。

The results can be summarized into the following aspects : molecular dynamics study of liquid - vapor interface shows that the planar liquid - vapor interface at macroscopic level is in fact a wavy surface fluctuating with time, and the length scale of the fluctuating region of the wavy surface is the thickness of the liquid - vapor interface. with speckle laser visualized experiment, the fluctuation of the interface can be verified qualitatively. moreover, md simulations indicate that in the liquid - vapor equilibrium system, there exists a local non - equilibrium region near the interface

主要研究成果歸納如下：對汽液界面進行了分子動力學研究，揭示出宏觀尺度的平界面在分子尺度上是隨時間起伏漲落的曲分界面，分界面的漲落區域就是汽液界面的厚度，相應的激光散斑實驗也定性地證明了界面漲落區的存在；研究還發現在汽液平衡體系中，界面附近存在局域熱非平衡區域，並指出了其可能的原因及影響。

Pda laser flow velocity testing technique was used to measure the flow velocity of solid particles in the solid - liquid - gas three - phase system in a flotation cell and obtained the velocity distribution of solid particles so as to provide reliable data for the study on adsorption and deadsoption mechanism of particles onto and off from bubbles

採用pda激光流速測試技術，在固-液-氣三相體系中對浮選槽中固體顆粒進行了流速測定，獲得了固體顆粒的速度分佈，為礦粒與氣泡粘附過程和脫附過程機理的研究提供可靠數據。

The subject mainly studies the splitting phenomena of laser longitudinal mode and the transmitted resonant mode of fabry - perot etalon using electrically controlled birefringence of liquid crystal, so as to find a new approach to obtain the dual - frequency laser output

本論文主要研究利用液晶的電控雙折射效應分裂nd ： yag激光縱模和f - p標準具諧振模，以尋求產生雙頻激光輸出的新途徑。

We believed that laser manipulation of a bubble might present a way to control the dynamic process of the bubble and clarify the origin of single - bubble luminescence. - especially, the liquid - to - vapor phase transition of a micro system ( such as a vapor bubble ) could be studied by using our method

最近，本研究組提出利用紅外激光產生的熱鑷作用於動態空泡思想，並成功實現了利用熱鑷操縱脈沖激光產生的單個動態空泡，分析了熱鑷的起源，研究了空泡相變的動力學過程。

A distant field interference of non - single - core light beams is analysed in a transparent liquid or solid when the bubble is irradiated with laser, a formula on optical path length difference is derived, interference regions and causes of interference rings thick inside and thin outside are analysed, the diameter of bubble can be measured by method of interference, the size of bubble and refraction index of gas inside the bubble can be measured in the depths of medium

摘要對透明液體、固體中氣泡在激光照射下產生的一種非單心光束干涉進行了遠場分析，得到了程差公式，分析了干涉的區域、圓環狀干涉條紋內密外疏的原因，通過干涉的方法可以測量氣泡的直徑，能夠用於介質深處氣泡尺寸及泡內氣體折射率的測量。

Based on the requirement and target of the projects, firstly, pcf bragg grating are investigated theoretically and experimentally. moreover, the effects of filling high refractive index material ( nematic liquid crystal, nlc ) in pcfs on the transmission mechanism and propagation properties are studied by using plane - wave method and finite - element method ( fem ), farther, several novel pcfs are proposed and designed. lastly, we propose and demonstrate a clad - pumped er3 + / yb3 + - codoped fiber laser, which integrate all performances of broad - band tunable wavelength, uniform output power spectrum, high repeat frequency and high average power to together

本論文選題于國家973 、 863以及國家自然科學基金等項目，結合課題的要求和主要目標，在對光子晶體光纖（ pcfs ）傳輸特性研究的基礎上，首先對光子晶體光纖光柵進行了理論和實驗研究;然後，採用平面波展開法和有限單元法分析了在光纖的空氣孔中填充高折射率液晶對光纖傳導機制和傳輸特性的影響，提出並設計了幾種新型光子晶體光纖;最後，提出並研製成功連續可調諧、輸出功率譜均衡的全光纖化、高功率包層泵浦鉺鐿共摻光纖激光器實驗樣機。

Heat - exchanger - based laser propulsion is a particular concept which was advanced at the research on laser propulsion in recent years. the key component of this mode is the heat exchanger with liquid hydrogen

熱交換器模式激光推進是近年來激光推進研究中提出的一種獨特的概念，以液氫為工質的熱交換器是這種推進模式的核心部件。

Aiming at reducing the roughness of the sidewalls in the manufacturing of the pmma liquid pool by co _ 2 lasers, in the hypothesis that the intensity of the laser has a guassian distribution, the temperature distribution in slab material with limited thickness is studied according to traditional thermal conductive formulas, and the condensing progress of the melted surface of sidewalls is researched. it is concluded from the discussion of temperature distribution that the air bulbs is the major reason for the roughness of the sidewalls

為降低co _ 2激光加工pmma材料儲液池側壁粗糙度，本文根據傳統的熱傳導方程，假定激光強度為高斯分佈，對有限厚板狀材料的溫度場進行分析;並考察側壁表面熔化層凝固過程的特徵;結果表明，側壁粗糙度形成的主要原因在於側壁表面熔化層凝固前氣泡未及時析出。

Aprotic liquid laser

質子惰性液體激光器