lower integral 中文意思是什麼
lower integral
解釋
下積分-
Monotone iteration method and upper and lower solutions were used to approach to the solution of the first - order integral boundary value problem on time scales form below and above by monotone convergent sequence
摘要運用單調迭代方法和上下解方法構造了兩個單調序列，從上下兩個方向分別收斂到一階積分邊值問題。 -
The reflector can increase the neutron flux obviously and the main processes of the neutron yield in reflector are spallation reaction induced by energetic hadrons and ( n, 2n ) reaction. when the moderator height is equal to the distance between the upper part and the lower part of the split target, the total neutron flux of the split target will be higher by 20. 1 % than that of the integral one. secondly, the high - energy neutron escaping from the target will enter into the moderator and be slowed down
得到經水慢化器慢化后，中子通量在慢化器厚度與高度方向上的分佈；比較了水與液態氫的慢化能力以及中子在水、液態氫、液態甲烷這三種慢化器慢化后的能譜；在csns的靶站設計中，引出慢中子的導管不完全位於慢化器中子引出面的法線方向上，因此進一步計算了中子通量角分佈。 -
In chapter two, concepts of integrity, integral set and integral number are introduced firstly, and then some relationships between the integrity and some other parameters of graphs are given, then the upper and lower bounds of the integrity are investigated on the basis of integral number determined. the final result is the upper and lower bounds of integral number if the integrity is known
第二部分主要討論了完整度與圖的其它參數之間的關系；給出了完整度給定條件下完整數的最大可能值及完整數給定條件下，完整度的最大最小可能值；給出了圖的完整度與此圖的刪點子圖的完整度之間的關系。 -
Because the concentration of zirconium in uranium has large ranges, from 1. 50xlo ' 6 - 3. 8g / gu, not only how to decrease the remainder of uranium to eliminate its determinate effect but also how to acquire higher recovery of zirconium is considered, so the method of silica gel, the method of tbp levextrel resin chromatography, the method of tta chromatography and the method of tta extraction are compared. then tta extraction is chosen to acquire the ideal separation purpose. compared with icp - ms and icp - aes, xrf has characters of high repeatability, stability, low cost, high concentration elements analysis, the ability to determinate solid sample and having comprehensive practicability, but xrf has lower sensitivity, so how to increase the concentration of the sample to acquire better precision is a difficult problem, the optimum of operating condition : the integral time of spectral lines is 60s, the integral time of background lines is 20s, the voltage of xrf is 50kv, the electric current is 50ma
由於鈾中鋯的含量范圍很廣，從1 . 50 10 ~ （ - 6 ） 3 . 8g / gu ，在分離和測量時，既要考慮盡量地減少鈾的殘留量以消除鈾對鋯測量產生的影響，又要獲得鋯的理想的回收率，因此本文在分離方法的選擇上比較了硅膠吸附分離法， cl - tbp萃取色層法， tta萃取色層法和tta萃取分離法的優缺點，認為tta萃取分離法可以達到理想的分離效果。 -
The plastic qian bing of clamp of a kind of tool, what narrate plastic qian bing to be able to cover the part holding a power of park tool clamp, among them, the integral structure of plastic qian bing wraps synthesis by sub of one horniness model and photograph of sub of one soft qualitative model model, form in its whole structure have one with grasp can cover firm between the handle those who close wear a ministry, its feature depends on : sub of this horniness model is one by on, lower mould shapes directly, in its two side surround motherboard form have wear the side that cover a ministry, the mouth office that equips a ministry in its is formed have wear the side that cover a mouth, and empty section structure is shown to appear empty coping completely in its coping ; narrates weak qualitative plastic data is filled set in aforementioned to wear the side that cover a ministry, wear the side that cover a mouth and top between fully empty section, form soft wrap cladding plasticly character, shape wear the structure that cover a ministry
一種工具鉗的塑膠鉗柄，所述塑膠鉗柄可套置於工具鉗的握柄處，其中，塑膠鉗柄的整體結構由一硬質塑膠層以及一軟質塑膠層相包合成型，並在其整體結構中形成有一與握柄間可穩固套合的穿套部，其特徵在於：該硬質塑膠層為一由上、下模直接成型、在其底板兩側邊圍形成有穿套部側邊，在其穿套部的開口處形成有穿套口側邊，以及在其頂部為一完全透空的頂部透空區段結構；所述的軟質塑膠材料填設在前述的穿套部側邊、穿套口側邊以及頂部透空區段間，構成軟質塑膠的包覆層，並成型穿套部結構。 -
This article introduces the design and implement of flight simulator based on dsp which contains five parts. the first part establishs the math model of flight simulator which contains the model of aerodynamics and flight mechanics, the model of standard atmosphere and wind model ; the second part introdces primarily the arithmetic of numeric integral which is very important to dyanmic system simulant. the third part introduces the design of hard interface circuit and program. the fourth part introduces the data flow graph of the flight simulator software and gunge - kutta integral arithmetic. the finall part introduces the design of serial port communication software, it contains communication protocol, the process of upper machine and lower machine communication and the programing of serial port communication by vc + +
本文介紹了基於dsp的飛行器模擬器設計與實現，主要分為五個部分，第一部分建立了飛行模擬的數學模型，包括飛行器空氣動力學和飛行力學的數學模型、標準大氣模型和風模型；第二部分主要介紹了數值積分演算法，它在動態系統模擬中是很重要的；第三部分為硬體介面設計與編程；第四部分介紹了氣動模擬軟體的數據處理流程和runge - kutta積分演算法；最後一部分為串口通信軟體設計，介紹了通信協議、上下位機處理流程和vc + +串口通信編程。 -
With the method of integral within ordered product of operators, we obtain the analytical expression of quantum information counterpart of mutual information. the coherent information, as a function of input thermal state power and thermal noise channel power, we discuss the upper and lower bound for quantum gaussian channel introduced by holevo - werner and by quantum codes
用正規乘積內的算符積分技術求出了互信息的量子對應物? ?相干信息用輸入熱噪聲信號功率和通道熱噪聲功率表示的公式。討論了由holevo和werner引入的量子高斯通道量子容量的上界及由量子編碼所確定的下界。 -
2. for the problem with size, stress and displacement constraints, the stress constraint is transformed into movable lower bounds of sizes, the displacement constraint is transformed into an approximate function which explicitly includes design variables by using mohr integral theory. a mathematical programming model of the optimization problem is set up. the dual programming of the model is approached into a quadratic programming model
2 .對于尺寸、應力和位移約束的問題，將應力約束化為動態下限，用單位虛荷載方法將位移約束近似顯式化，構造優化問題的數學規劃模型，將其對偶規劃處理為二次規劃問題，採用lemke演算法進行求解，得到滿足尺寸、應力和位移約束條件的截面最優解。 -
In the time - domain, based on the principle of random sampling of dso. two way ( " time amplifing in dual slope integral " and " time - voltage convert " ) are implemented to measure the time between the system triger and writing clock. thus random sampling interpolate can be done to measure repeated signal in high frequency with the a / d convert and controller which frequency are lower
在時域，根據數字示波器隨機取樣原理，用兩種方法（雙斜率積分時間放大測量方法和時間? ?電壓轉換測量方法）測量數字示波器系統觸發和采樣寫時鐘間時間間隔，用低速a / d轉換器及控制器進行模?數轉換和控制，以此進行隨機取樣內插，從而實現了對高頻率重復信號的測量。 -
The simulated results show that we can improve the sensitivity by setting the optical bias at / 2, reducing the gap of electrode, increasing the overlap integral factor, reducing the insert lose, adopting suitable segmentation number, increasing the electrode length, increasing the optical power, reducing the wavelength and the relative intensity noise and reducing the receive bandwidth ; obtain the wider bandwidth utilizing reducing the electrode length and the capacitance of modulator, segmentation the electrode ; increase the dynamic range using lowering noise, increasing the optical power at the detector and lower optical bias
通過計算得知，使傳感器相位偏置為/ 2 ，減小電極間距，提高電光重疊因子，減小器件插入損耗，採用合適的分段數，增加電極長度，增大光功率，降低激光的波長，減小相對強度噪聲，減小接收帶寬，對提高靈敏度的效果是非常明顯的。而減小天線長度，降低調制器電容，電極分段，都可以獲取較大的帶寬。降低系統噪聲;增加到達探測器的光功率，採用較低的光學偏置，都可以增大線性動態范圍。 -
The growth of lower side bitangent laplace - stieltjes integral in bilinear strip
積分在雙帶形內的增長性 -
A finite element analysis ( fea ) was eventually conducted, using mori - tanaka model and j - integral, to further explain the toughening mechanisms and fracture behaviour of the particle interleaved composites. the aim of the analysis was to examine the influence of the particle concentration and size, and the interaction between the particle and the crack tip. fea results indicate that interlayer zones can effectively lower j - integral and stress around the crack tip, and the high stress distribution in the region close to the interface can be the driving force for interfacial failure
本文的最後還藉助于有限元方法對層間增韌復合材料進行了宏觀和細觀斷裂韌性分析，基於mori - tanaka等效夾雜理論，計算了顆粒含量和尺寸對j積分的影響，有限元分析的結果同樣表明層間增韌可以有效的降低裂紋尖端應力水平，並暗示界面是可能存在的失效原因，所進行的數值分析起到了進一步支持和解釋增韌機理的作用。 -
This structure is flexible in the lower part while firm in the upper part. many of this structure type surpass code limitation in setting place of transfer floor, especially disadvantageous to seismic. depended on current computation method, it is difficult to confirm the integral seismic behavior and local transfer of force exactly
帶轉換層的框支剪力墻高層建築結構屬于復雜結構，結構上剛下柔，且許多這類結構高層建築的轉換層設置位置超過了規范限制，對抗震尤為不利，結構的整體抗震性能和局部傳力情況難以依靠現有計算方法精確確定。 -
Effects of functional electrical stimulation on the integral of motor function of lower limbs in patients with stroke hemiplegia
功能性電刺激對腦卒中偏癱患者下肢運動功能積分的影響 -
In the end, the article discusses a series of counter - measures to lower chinese agricultural laborer share. the main points are to control the quantity of chinese population, to quicken the pace of urbanization, to enhance the overall quality of laborers, to optimize economic structure, to build integral labor markets, and so on
最後探討了降低中國農業就業份額的措施，主要有：控制人口數量，加快城市化步伐，全面提高勞動力素質，調整經濟結構，建立城鄉統一的勞動力市場，發展勞務輸出，積極創造更多的就業機會與轉移途徑七個方面。
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