macro level 中文意思是什麼
macro level
解釋
宏功能級-
This thesis discusses the influences of interest rate on investment and output from the macro level and analyses the behavior of financial enterprises from the micro level. as the result, it is not certain that the controlled interest rate would depress economy growth and the liberalized interest rate would improve efficiency
本文從宏觀和微觀的角度分別入手，分析了利率水平對于儲蓄、投資量的影響及金融企業在不同利率水平下的經濟行為，發現管制並不必然影響增長，市場化也未必提高效率。 -
The aggregation method reduces the dimension and the complexity of the micro - system, but the aggregation model is not the copy of the micro - system, so it makes new global properties emerge at the macro - level which is called emergence. in this paper, the concept of the functional emergence and the dynamical emergence are defined. the direction of emergence effect is bottom - up, and there also exists top - down effect which is called immergence
北京工業大學工學碩士論文通過模型的聚合縮減了模型的規模，給系統的分析和研究帶來了方便，但聚合模型畢竟不是原模型的拷貝，所以在聚合模型中會表現出同原模型不同的行為特性，微觀系統中微變量的變化會導致聚合模型不同的行為特性；即低層對高層的影響，這種影響稱為行為突現（ eme ， gence ） 。 -
The integrated study of geography in the era of knowledge economy will emphasize role of human being ; will analyze regional resources and environmental issues will due consideration of high - tech component ; with use knowledge products serving decision makng, management and macro - level adjustment ; will make geography itself - involved in the system of knowledge economy, and carry out concept innovation, technology innovation, and management innovation
知識經濟時代的地理學綜合研究，會更強調人作為區域經濟社會發展主體的作用；以高科技的含量作為重要因素分析區域資源與環境問題；會以知識產品的形式服務于區域決策和區域管理；會融入知識經濟的大系統之中，為社會發展的知識創新、技術創新及管理創新服務。 -
It is developed from large - scale objective model experiment to reduced scale model experiment ; from simple mechanics device to various advanced detecting device ; and the theory is developed from elastic mechanics, plastic mechanics to fracture mechanics and damage mechanics. the study of concrete fracture has also developed from macro - level to meso - level
從大型的實物模型試驗，到各種縮尺模型試驗；從簡單的力學儀器，到各種先進探測儀器的使用；理論上也由彈性力學、塑性力學發展到了斷裂力學、損傷力學等，對混凝土斷裂問題的研究，更是由宏觀領域進入了細觀層次。 -
Besides, improving the social environment of honesty and trust, clearing the property rights will help reduce credit rationing. on the macro - level, the following conclusions are drawn. the speed of economic growth will slow down owing to credit rationing ; over - borrowing, which is the other side of the coin, will bring a lot of negative effects to enterprises ; the flowing of credit capital from vulnerable market to advantageous market will reduce the welfare of the whole society, and enlarge the gap between these two kinds of markets, which will make the financial system much more fragile
論文分析了信貸配給在宏觀層面的影響，指出：信貸配給延緩了經濟增長的速度；過多借款與信貸配給現象是一個硬幣的兩面，過多的借款會撐死企業；遭受信貸配給的市場和未受信貸配給的市場並存會造成貧富不均的社會問題；信貸資金從弱勢市場向強勢市場的流動將使整個社會的福利受損，使兩個市場間的投資邊際回報差距更加擴大，從而使整個金融體系更加不穩定。 -
From the viewpoint of the interactive relationship between modern pension scheme and productivity, this paper observed the function and prospect of occupational pensions in china within a background consisting of population structure, labor productivity, and finance environment, utilized simulation and scenario analysis in actuarial models to estimate and analyze the effect of occupational pensions in the replacement rate of urban retired employees, then pointed out the magnification effect of occupational pensions in increasing the replacement rate and the higher efficiency in improving retirement income of urban retired employees. it also predicted the size expectation of occupational pensions during 2002 - 2010 in china, described the function of occupational pensions in developing the capital market and improving the labor productivity, especially emphasized the higher probability of occupational pensions to play the role of institutional investors compared with basic pension. in short, this paper proved the positive meaning of developing occupational pensions from micro - level and macro - level respectively, and brought forward corresponding policy suggestions
本文立足於現代社會養老保險制度與生產力之間的互動關系這一視角，把對我國企業年金作用與發展空間的考察置於包括人口結構、勞動生產率、金融環境等諸多因素的經濟大背景下，在精算模型中運用模擬（ simulation ）和情景分析方法，對企業年金對我國退休職工養老保險收入替代率的影響進行了定量分析和預測，指出了企業年金在提高退休職工收入替代率方面的放大作用，以及比基本養老保險在提高退休職工收入方面的更高效率；並對我國企業年金2002年- 2010年的預計發展規模做了預測，闡述了企業年金對我國發展資本市場和提高勞動生產率的意義，著重指出了企業年金較之基本養老保險基金充當資本市場機構投資者的更大可能性。 -
This paper includes a number of contributions on how to harmonize the macro and micro, global and local, random and structural, order and disorder, simple and complex, and so on, which is the significant task for the complexity exploration. it is research course that is more important than others, but still several conclusions have been drawn as follows : regional speciality lies in spatial complexity, the process of spatial complication starts from symmetry rebuilding in macro - level while symmetry breaking in micro - level which accounts for emergence of complex regularity, and the target of geographical evolution seems to reconstruct the symmetry laws of nature
標度律是全文的邏輯核心，通過它們將城市系統的宏觀與微觀、整體與局部、有序與無序、隨機與確定、簡單與復雜、對稱與對稱破缺等對立問題有機地統一起來。盡管如此，本文還是得出了一些基本結論:所謂地理學的區域獨特性實則空間復雜性，微觀層面的對稱破壞與宏觀層面的對稱重組是「突現」和空間復雜化的動力根源，城市系統自組織演化的優化目標似乎就是重建大自然的對稱律。 -
Three phases of the development of pork industry chain organization and three - pace - strategy of the development of high - grade pork in our country are put forward on macro - level in this dissertation. deal with practical conditions in beijing and based on the analysis and comparison of the organization mode between five kinds of piggery and three kinds of piggery at present, four kinds of industry and trade enterprise and piggery, two kinds of more ideal organization mode as well as its evolution mechanism are put forward
本文從宏觀層面上提出了我國豬肉產業鏈組織發展的三個階段和高檔豬肉發展的三步走戰略，結合北京市的實際狀況，在分析比較現有五種養豬場、三種養豬場之間和四種工貿企業與養豬場之間組織模式的基礎上，提出了兩種較理想的組織模式及其演進機理。 -
Thus scale - measurement - dimension constitutes the fundamental concepts of this project. the scaling laws are derived from different perspectives, using entropy - maximizing methods in macro - level and utility - maximizing method in micro - level, consequently a pair of dual models based on the idea from nonlinear programming are built to interpret both the scaling laws and thus power laws. a discovery is that the energy and information can be transformed into each other in urban systems
藉助熵最大化方法從宏觀上推導了標度律，利用效用最大化原理從微觀上導出了標度律，然後建設了熵與效用最大化的對偶轉換模型;通過對簡單的網路模型的研究，論證熵與效用最大化過程本質上是追求系統整體上的最高效率與局部公平合理。 -
Without the improvement of the farmers " livelihoods, new technologies cannot be adopted and hence be translated into productivity. tension exists between the macro - level intentions of the policy and micro - level situational realities that will ultimately result in the failure of the " strategy for invigorating the country through science, technology and education.
於是，在宏觀與微觀之間就形成一種沖突與緊張，不緩解這種沖突， 「科技興農」的宏觀戰略將難以企及，而要緩解這種沖突，就必須直面微觀上窮人的生計現實，並在政策設計上激勵「面向窮人的適用技術」的發展。 -
Only the institutional innovation can increase the efficiency on the micro level, and then increase the potential growth capacity on the macro level
只有通過制度創新，提高微觀層次資源的使用效率，才能夠提高宏觀層面的經濟增長潛力。 -
At the macro - level, the clashes will take place between the west and the non - west civilizations, while at the micro - level, muslim will fight against non - muslim
在宏觀層面上，是西方文明與非西方文明的沖突；在微觀層面上，沖突發生在伊斯蘭與非伊斯蘭之間。 -
Objective to analyse both micro - level and macro - level factors influencing maternal mortality in order to set the priority to lowering maternal mortality
目的分析個體及社區因素對孕產婦死亡的影響，從而制定有效降低孕產婦死亡率的措施。 -
This paper emphasizes the function of urban design, and deliberates the tactics, principles and methods of urban design in historical areas, then from the physical environment modeling of the areas, makes an overall elaboration from macro level - space design, midlevel - street and architecture design and micro level - activity system design, and expound the concrete apply of urban design tactics in the design of historical areas
本文對歷史地段的城市設計對策、城市設計原則、城市設計方法分別作具體研究。最後從歷史地段空間與環境設計本身出發，從宏觀? ?地段空間環境設計、中觀? ?地段街區與建築設計、微觀? ?地段活動系統設計三個層面，全面闡述歷史地段空間與環境形態塑造中城市設計原則的具體應用。 -
On the macro level ( please see the charts with per - poll figures ), cj andrew li kowk - nang ' s ratings have remained fairly stable over the past one and a half years, in the narrow range of 58 to 62 marks
綜觀市民對李國能一年半來的評分趨勢（可參考按次計算圖表） ，其得分一直保持穩定，於58至62分之間窄幅徘徊。 -
The situation analysis is hedged on analysis of three levels ( macro - level, middle - level, and mico - level ). the fourth chapter comes up with a strategy and tact i cs to create a good social mechanism for knowledge innovation in china
結合第三章對我國目前知識創新現狀的分析，本文在這一部分提出，鼓勵知識創新，培育有利我國知識創新的良性社會運行機制應著重作好以下幾個方面的工作： 1 -
As for micro structure, the symmetry is broking and therefore we cannot find geographical laws in this level. the model should be aimed at macro level, but the parameters values are determined by micro activities
文章將主要的工作任務限定為復雜城市系統及其相關模型的建設、論證和解譯方面，不傾向于過早的輕率結論。 -
This discovery is significant for us to select model and algorithmic. the spatial order and the corresponding regularity emerge on the macro level of urban geographical systems because the symmetry is well - kept in macro sense
一個模型的內部對稱性即變換下的不變性與其外部對稱性即所反映的規律的普適性存在正相關。這個發現為今後的地理模型甄別與計算方法的遴選提供了理論依據。 -
The last part is full of suggestions and advices which will make the eso application more smoothly. from the macro level, we should strengthen the both the exterior and internal supervision, consummate our capital market and the professional executive market
通過對這些具體問題的探討，進一步增強了其可適用性和可操作性，確保股票期權制度能夠在我國目前的經濟環境下發揮其獨特的作用。 -
In fact, on both theoretical and practical levels, the relevant training study in western developed countries has become quite mature. however, the domestic study on this field neglects the micro - human - capital investment and training, but still rests on macro level
無論在理論層面還是實踐層面，西方發達國家對企業培訓的相關研究已經相當成熟，但國內對培訓的研究卻僅僅停留在宏觀層面，忽視了企業微觀層面的研究，尤其是民營企業。
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