main emission 中文意思是什麼
main emission
解釋
主發射-
The author analyzes the change rules of fuel consumption and the mass of the main exhaust emission pollutants ( nox, pm, co, hc and carbon ) with the operating parameters ( speed and load ), points out that nox and pm are the primary exhaust emission pollutants which affect the turbocharge - intercooled diesel engine to reach the requires of emission regulations, and map the figure of compositive exhaust emission characteristic
分析了有效燃油消耗率及各主要排放污染物（ nox 、 pm 、 co 、 hc 、碳煙）的排放量隨運轉參數（轉速n與平均有效壓力p _ （ me ） ）的變化規律。指出nox與pm是影響增壓中冷柴油機排放達標的主要排放污染物，並繪制了排放綜合特性圖。這為該類型柴油機的性能分析提供了參考。 -
X - rays from chandra ( colored purple ), optical and ultraviolet ( uv ) data from hubble ( red and orange ), and radio emission from the very large array ( vla ) and merlin ( blue ) show how the jet from the main galaxy on the lower left is striking its companion galaxy to the upper right
錢德拉（紫色部分）的x射線，哈勃（紅色和橙色部分）的光學和紫外線，以及vla和merlin射電圖像顯示在圖左下方的主星系發出的噴流正擊中樂在右上方的伴星系。 -
The pilot fuel model has been given to calculate the distribution of the liquid fuel and time of fuel pre - combustion, at the same time, analyzing the important action to the combustion of the natural gas in the combustion chamber of engine, determining the best quantity of pilot fuel. the explosive combustion model has been established to compute the pressure of the cylinder during the combustion, determining the main influence factors. the emission model has been established to forecast the co, nox emission
理論方面，提出了基於化學反應的燃燒模型?多組分氣相反應系統的化學反應動力學模型，以此進行雙燃料發動機的熱力學?化學反應動力計算；引燃油燃燒模型，計算引燃油液滴的分佈規律和滯燃期，驗證引燃油在雙燃料發動機燃燒過程中的作用，揭示不同噴油規律對雙燃料發動機的影響，確定在不同負荷下的合理引燃油量；爆震模型，揭示爆震與工質能量釋放間的關系和影響爆震的各種運轉因素，確定合理的爆震依據，減小爆震傾向。 -
The main contents and important results of this paper are as following : strong blue cooperative up - conversion luminescence is observed in various host materials single doped yb3 + ions with naked eyes at room temperature under 980nm excitation. moreover there exist rich emission lines and peculiar ratio of luminescence intensity in all samples. intense green and blue up - converted luminescence is observed in yb3 + - ho3 + co - doped pbf2 - znf2 based materials with 930 nm diode light excitation at room temperature
其主要內容與得到的結論如下： （ 1 ） yb ~ （ 3 + ）單摻雜不同基質材料組成的氟氧化物在980nm激光激發下發射出明亮的yb ~ （ 3 + ）離子的合作上轉換藍色熒光，同時這些樣品具有極為豐富的熒光發射，有著特別的色比關系。 -
The main research contents of the physical design include : presenting the domestic and international status of space weather and expanding on the need and the importance about the space weather forecast ; sorting the disastrous space weather and discussing their effects and adapted prediction methods ; analyzing the solar disturbing resources of space weather and the precursor or concomitant phenomena of solar eruption based on the newest observational results ; probing into the radiation principle of solar short - wave ray and presenting the computing methods about solar continuum and line spectrum radiation ; extrapolating physical methods of reconstructing the temperature and the emission measure of coronal plasma ; argumenting the effective observing spectrum for space weather empirical forecast and space weather numerical forecast
物理設計的主要研究內容包括：分析目前國內國際空間天氣預報的發展現狀及開展空間天氣預報的必要性和重要性；分類討論了災害性空間天氣的種類、影響及目前國際上的預報方法：分析了空間天氣太陽擾動源及擾動源爆發的先兆現象或者伴生現象；討論了太陽短波輻射線譜和連續譜輻射強度的計算方法：推導了利用望遠鏡多波段的觀測結果反演日冕等離子體溫度、發射量等參數的物理方法：論證了開展空間天氣經驗預報和發展數值預報有效的成像譜段。 -
The main work and conclusion for this paper is as following : according to the flashover test results of several kinds of iced insulators under positive voltage and negative voltage, this paper obtained : for the single porcelain insulator, the single glass insulator and the composite insulator bridged completely by icicle, the metal cathode ' s strong ability of emission electron is the primary reason that results in the lower negative flashover voltage ; the position difference of the high resistance district in method anode side results in that porcelain insulator cluster and glass insulator cluster have an evident effect of polarity ; when less ice and no icicle at the brim of the sheds, due to numerous non - polar arcs on the composite surface, the effects of polarity of composite insulator was lost using the test method of the average flashover voltage in the freezing period, dc flashover performances were investigated of several insulators with some typical structures and different material
本文的主要工作和結論如下：在人工氣候室內，根據不同覆冰絕緣子正、負極性下的閃絡試驗結果，得出負極性電弧金屬陰極的強電子發射能力造成了單片瓷、玻璃絕緣子及被冰凌橋接的合成絕緣子有較低負極性冰閃電壓；正極性電弧金屬陽極側產生高電阻區所處位置的差異使得瓷和玻璃絕緣子串具有明顯的極性效應；覆冰較少時，合成絕緣子表面出現數量較多的非極性電弧使合成絕緣子無極性效應。利用覆冰期內平均閃絡電壓的試驗方法，對不同材質和結構的絕緣子在覆冰、低氣壓和污穢共存環境中的直流閃絡特性進行了研究。試驗結果表明，直流平均閃絡電壓隨著海拔的升高、覆冰量的增加以及污穢度的增加而降低，且其特徵指數與絕緣子結構、覆冰量、覆冰狀態、污穢度等有關。 -
This paper chooses this project according to the analysis our nation emission status and the main methods of emissions control first
本文首先對國內摩托車排放狀況進行了分析，對各種常用的排放控制方法進行了分析比較，並根據此選定本課題的排氣凈化方案。 -
The main series products of the company are as followings : marine blower fans, induced draft fans, high temperature smoke discharge fans, air - conditioned blower fans and smoke emission valve
公司主要產品：艦船用通風機系列、鼓引風機系列、高溫排煙風機系列、空調通風機及防排煙閥門等。 -
The distribution of losing exergy was acquired. the result is that the steam of the last effect and the emission of the first effect water is the main cause of losing exergy
實驗證明，末效二次汽直接冷凝，第一效冷凝水的排放引起的（火用）損是系統中（火用）損產生的主要原因。 -
Nowadays air pollution problem in big cities of china is becoming increasingly severe. harmful exhaust emission from vehicles is one of the main factors
當前我國大城市的空氣污染問題日益突出，汽車有害排放物已成為其主要來源。 -
With the engineering thermophysics subject as a main theory basis, the boiler, the steam turbine, the internal combustion engine and the other new, being developed power machinery and system as the research object, the application of engineering thermodynamics ， heat transfer, computer system control theory, environmental science, microelectronics technology, energy - saving technology and other knowledge ， study the process and the basic law of fuels chemical energy and liquid kinetic energy to converse to the power securely and efficiently and low ( or no ) impurely ; study the energy conversion process systems and technology of equipment automatic control ; study the producing mechanism and emission control technology of combustion pollutants ; study energy - saving technologies and the development of new energy technologies
熱能工程是以工程熱物理學科為主要理論基礎，以鍋爐、汽輪機、內燃機和正在發展中的其它新型動力機械及系統為研究對象，運用工程熱力學、傳熱學、計算機自動控制理論、環境科學、微電子技術、節能技術等學科的知識，研究燃料的化學能和液體的動能安全、高效、低（或無）污染地轉換成動力的基本規律和過程；研究能量轉換過程中的系統和設備的自動控制技術；研究燃燒污染物生成機理與排放控制技術；研究節能技術與新能源的開發技術。 -
In this thesis, we have mainly studied the characteristics of chf3, c6h6 and cf4 electron cyclotron resonance ( ecr ) plasma using langmuir probe and optical emission spectroscopy ( oes ). the relative concentration of different radicals in chf3 plasma and the effect of chf3 / c6h6 ratio on bond configuration of a - c : f films were discussed. it was showed that h, f, c2 were the main radicals among radicals of h, f, c2, ch and f2 in chf3 ecr plasma
重點研究了chf _ 3 、 cf _ 4和chf _ 3 c _ 6h _ 6放電等離子體中基團的分佈；分析了不同基團的相對密度隨宏觀放電條件（微波輸入功率、放電氣壓、源氣體流量比）的變化規律；探討了等離子體中各種基團的生成途徑；在不同源氣體流量比的條件下沉積了a - c ： f薄膜並通過傅立葉變化紅外吸收光譜（ ftir ）的測量得到了薄膜中鍵結構的信息；分析了a - c ： f薄膜的沉積速率及其鍵結構與等離子體空間基團分佈狀態之間的關聯。 -
L shuchen ( condensd matter physics ) directed by prof. huang shihua preparation and room temperature emission of nanocrystalline zno, colloidal zno solutions and rare earth doped nanocrystalline zno are presented in the present paper, including the near infrared and upconversion luminescence. the main contents and the important results are as following : nanocrystals zno are prepared by chemical precipitation
呂樹臣（凝聚態物理專業）指導教師:黃世華研究員本論文主要研究納米晶zno粉體、膠體及納米晶zno : re材料的制備和室溫發射現象，包括近紅外發射和上轉換發射現象。 -
The properties of cn thin films such as their morphology, component, crystal structure and the bonding structure and the relation between those properties and the gas - phase reaction parameters were discussed, showing that the deposition of p - c3n4 thin film is the compete result of various reaction processes in the dynamics balance conditions ; the process of cn films depo sition is diagnosed in situ through the optical emission spectra technique, the effects of experimental parameters on the concentration of the precursors and the gas - phase reactions in the plasma have been obtained ; the main reaction precursors for film deposition identified ; the relation between the characteristics of cn thin films and the reaction process in the plasma is analyzed. the cn thin films deposition under different substrate temperatures in high pressure pe - pld shows that the si atom of the substrate has participated the cn films growth process, based on this the growth mode of cn thin films on the si substrate is proposed. the further experiment of cn thin films deposition on si substrate scratched by diamond as well as covered with fe catalyzer has been attempted, which indicates that changing the dynamics conditions of the surface reaction can alter the growth characteristic of the cn thin films and can enhance obviously the films growth rate
採用pld技術進行了碳氮化合物薄膜沉積，得到了含氮量為21at的cn薄膜；研究了襯底溫度和反應氣體壓強對薄膜結構特性的影響，給出了cn薄膜中n含量較小、 sp ~ 3鍵合結構成分較少和薄膜中僅含有局域cn晶體的原因；引入脈沖輝光放電等離子體增強pld的氣相反應，給出了提高薄膜晶態sp ~ 3鍵合結構成分和薄膜的含n量可行性途徑；應用pe - cvd技術以ch _ 4 + n _ 2為反應氣體並引入輔助氣體h _ 2 ，得到了含n量為56at的晶態cn薄膜；探討了cn薄膜形貌、成分、晶體結構、價鍵狀態等特性及其與氣體壓強和放電電流的關系，證明了- c _ 3n _ 4薄膜沉積為滿足動力學平衡條件的各種反應過程的競爭結果；採用光學發射譜技術對cn薄膜生長過程進行了實時診斷，得到了實驗參量對等離子體中活性粒子相對濃度和氣相反應過程的影響規律，給出了cn薄膜沉積的主要反應前驅物，揭示了cn薄膜特性和等離子體內反應過程之間的聯系；採用高氣壓pe - pld技術研究了不同襯底溫度條件下cn化合物薄膜的結構特性，揭示了si原子對薄膜生長過程的影響，給出了si基表面碳氮薄膜的生長模式；在金剛石研磨和催化劑fe處理的si襯底上進行cn薄膜沉積，證明了通過控制材料表面動力學條件可以改變碳氮薄膜結構特性，並可顯著提高晶態碳氮材料的生長速率。 -
At the same time, the author does a deal of investigating and studying in choosing system equipments, the main system equipments are chassis dynamometer and emission analyzing instrument, speed and stress sensor and so on
在系統設備的技術選型上，作者作了大量的調查研究工作，主要設備有底盤測功機、尾氣分析儀、轉速傳感器以及力傳感器等。 -
According to the test conditions, the double polarity inputting mode is adopted in the circuit of voltage - frequency converting part ; storage batteries are used in the optical emission part of optical fibre isolating and transmitting device, that can guarantee isolation between the main circuit and the testing system ; the 89c51 singlechip is used in the singlechip testing - controlling unit, the peripheral circuits are extended, data are transmitted through the serial port in this part ; the p opular software delphi5. 0 is used in the pc part, the communication between singlechip and pc by serial port, plotting of current wave, regulation of data ; the optical - electrical isolating and triggering are used in the controlling part, this can guarantee the veracity and reliability of breakers triggered, this triggering mode is also used in the triggering of the main closing breaker, the tested breaker and the assistant breaker, the triggering signals are sent out by a singlechip
壓頻轉換部分電路中根據實際情況採用了雙極性輸入方式；光纖隔離傳輸裝置的光發射部分電源採用了蓄電池供電，確保了主迴路與測試迴路的完全隔離；單片機測控部分採用了89c51單片機，擴充了外圍電路，通過串口向pc機傳送數據； pc機與單片機之間的串口通訊、波形繪制、數據管理等都採用了軟體delphi5 . 0編寫。該測試系統中預留了輸出口，可以對合成迴路中的主合閘開關、被試開關、輔助開關進行觸發，信號由單片機發出，控制部分採用了光電耦合隔離觸發的方法。軟體設計主要集中在對電流信號的數據採集、數據處理、數據傳送、人機界面、波形繪制和數據管理，軟體部分又可分為單片機和pc機程序設計兩大部分。 -
( 3 ) analyzing the main destroying reasons and putting forward evaluating methods of mechanical performance of catalytic converter, the evaluating and testing methods being adopted by technical certificating condition of products ( catalytic converter of exhaust emission of petrol engine ) ) of national environment protecting ( standard number : hcrj1999 - 007 )
（ 3 ）分析了催化轉化器機械破壞的主要原因，提出了針對我國催化轉化器的機械性能評價方法，該評價和試驗方法已被國家環境保護產品《汽油機排氣催化轉化器》的技術認定條件（標準號： hcrj1999 - 007 ）采納。 -
The main work in this paper is as follows : designed and set up a system of acoustic emission ( ae ) pipe testing, include pipe leak simulated equipment and acoustic emission testing equipment
具體包括以下工作： 1建立了一套充液管道泄漏聲發射檢測系統，包括管道泄漏模型和聲發射檢測裝置兩部分。 -
However, with the demand for environmental prelection inhancing, the emission which had not been taken into account is noticed now. in order to improve heater emission and performance and to meet the full needs of users and the development of futurel automobile environment pretection, the paper which uses qn700 air oil - heater as the research objective, theoretically analyzes, experimentally do researches, searches for the main emission source, and brings up efficient improving methods based on the process of combustion x the characteristics of exhaust. the principle of operation
為了使加熱器的燃燒排放性能更加完善，充分滿足用戶的使用要求和未來汽車環保要求發展的需要，本論文以國產大型客車廣泛使用的qn700型空氣燃油加熱器為研究對象（其燃燒結構和工作原理具有一定的典型性） ，針對這一典型的國產空氣燃油加熱器的燃燒過程、排放特性以及工作原理進行理論分析和試驗研究，找出主要污染源及其產生機理，並在此基礎上根據現有的結構提出有效的改進方案。 -
Reburning technology is a valid method. this paper focuses on nox - emission problem of traditional units with hot air transferring pulverized coal. the main technical route of this paper is to use the pulverized coal contained within tertiary air to reduce the nox emission as the reburning fuel
本文主要是針對傳統的缺少有效降低no _ x方法的熱風送粉機組進行研究，通過對制粉系統和燃燒器的改造與調整，利用三次風中的含粉作為再燃燃料送入爐膛，實施再燃燒以降低no _ x的排放。
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