market loss on securities 中文意思是什麼

market loss on securities 解釋
證券跌價損失
  • market : n 1 （尤指牲畜和食品的）集市；市場；菜市，菜場。2 需要，銷路；推銷地區。3 市價；行情，市面，市況...
  • loss : n. 1. 喪失；丟失，遺失。2. 減損，損失，虧損（額）；損耗；減少，下降。3. 失敗；輸掉。4. 錯過；浪費。5. 損毀；【軍事】傷亡；〈pl. 〉 傷亡及被俘人數。
  • on : adv 1 〈接觸、覆蓋〉上去；開（opp off）。 turn on the light [radio water gas] 開電燈[收音機、自來...
  • securities : 期貨
  1. Neither the bank, its associates, nor any of their directors, officers or employees, shall be liable to the customer for any expenses, loss or damage suffered by or occasioned to the customer by reason of any action taken or omitted to be taken by any one or all of the bank, its associates, their directors, officers, employees or agents pursuant to these conditions or in connection therewith other than as a result of the fraud, wilful default or negligence of the bank, its associates, their directors, officers, employees or agents ; the bank s failure in good faith to honour any stop - payment instructions given by the customer ; the presentation to the bank of any cheque or other payment order which is post - dated ; the bank failing to honour any draft drawn on it by the customer, but the bank shall immediately return such draft to the customer through the normal channels giving the reason for the dishonour ; any loss, damage, destruction or misdelivery of or to the securities howsoever caused unless the same shall result from the negligence of, or theft by, the bank or its associates or any of their directors, officers or employees, in which event the extent of the liability of the bank shall be limited to the market value of such securities at the date of discovery of the loss and even if the bank has been advised of the possibility of such loss or damage ; unauthorised use or forging of any authorised signature as a result of the negligence, wilful default or fraud of the customer ; subject to condition 5. 5, any act or omission, or insolvency of, any person not associated with the bank including, without limitation, a third party nominee or depositary ; viii the collection or deposit or crediting to the custodian accounts of invalid, fraudulent or forged securities or any entry in the custodian accounts which may be made in connection therewith ; any malfunction of, or error in the transmission of information caused by, any electrical or mechanical machine or system or any interception of communication facilities, abnormal operating conditions, labour difficulties, acts of god, or any similar or dissimilar causes beyond the reasonable control of the bank and notwithstanding paragraph, the error, failure, negligence, act or omission of any other person, system, institution or payment infrastructure

    本行其聯系人士其各董事高級人員或雇員均毋須向客戶因以下理由而使客戶蒙受或產生之任何開支損失或虧損負責： i本行其聯系人士其董事高級人員雇員或代理人根據此等條件採取或遺漏採取有關之行動，但由於本行其聯系人士其董事高級人員雇員或代理人之欺詐行為故意失責或疏忽所造成者除外ii本行本真誠地未能依約替客戶執行止付指示iii向本行提交任何遠期支票或其他付款指示iv本行未能兌現由客戶開出之匯票，但本行將立即透過正常渠道將該匯票退回客戶，並解釋拒付之理由v無論如何導致之任何證券之損失損毀毀壞或錯誤交付除非上述各項乃因本行或其聯系人士或其任何董事高級人員或雇員之疏忽或盜竊所引致，而在該等情況下，本行的責任將只限於在發現損失當日該等證券之市值，以及即使本行已獲知該等賠償之可能性vi因客戶之疏忽故意失責或欺詐行為而導致的任何偽造授權簽名或不獲授權使用該簽名vii在第5 . 5 a條之規限下，與本行無關者之任何行動或遺漏或無償債能力包括但不限於第三者代名人或寄存處viii代收或存入或貸存於保管人賬戶的無效偽造或假冒證券或在保管人賬戶記入可能與此有關之賬項ix任何電子機械或系統失靈或因該等機件或系統產生的資料傳送錯誤或任何通訊設施之終斷不正常操作情況勞工問題天災或非本行所能合理控制之任何類似或非類似原因及x盡管有第ix項，任何其他人系統機構或付款設施的錯誤故障疏忽行動或遺漏。
  2. Market loss on securities

    證券跌價損失
  3. We should also pay attention to compensation for damages and learn from the u. s. and hong kong, which have rich experience in loss assessment and measures for compensation. although the securities law can not be revised right now, precedent in judicial practice and judicial interpretation are both helpful to improve civil compensation system. this papers, focusing on the establishment of civil compensation system in the securities market, include four main parts

    其中，在確定內幕交易損害賠償請求權主體時，應將其界定在內幕交易發生到該內幕信息公開之日買進或者賣出的所有投資者；在確定操縱市場損害賠償請求權主體時，也只應當限定在股價被操縱期間高買低賣的投資者。
  4. The latter is a theoretical innovation, it criticizes the given model in chinese securities market in which only get the csrc ' s affirmation of iniuria firstly can you claim for damages. then go to the causation, with several european countries as background, the author initially supposes we should adopt the " scope of the rule " theory to solve the causation problem of the liability on manipulations, thereof simplifying the abstract and complex speculation over the causation, merely by thinking through the scope and attempt of law can we judge itfinally, in dealing with damage measure, different from the prevailing method by which scholars often choose one way from three alternatives, those are " out - of - pocket " measure, " defendant ' s profit " measure and " plaintiff ' s loss " measure, the author advises a new appoach that fundamentally applying the first measure and supplementary applying the two measures else, it is expected to fairly settle the puzzling problem in damage measure

    在因果關系部分，本文以主要歐洲國家的因果法理為背景，開創性地提出採用法規目的說解決操縱市場行為責任范圍因果關系的問題，使抽象的因果推定回歸到僅依法規目的與意義考察的單純境界。最後在損害結果部分，與學界通常在「直接損失衡量法」 、 「被告獲利計演算法」以及「原告損失計演算法」中三選一的思維定式不同，提出以直接損失衡量法為原則並輔之以其餘二者的折衷解決方案，以期公平解決損害結果在計算上的難題。
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