mechanics n 中文意思是什麼

In chapter 1, the history investigation of gap : n with dilute nitrogen concentration, especially its isoelectronic exciton mechanics and the study background of gapn alloys are briefly introduced

早在二十世紀六十年代， thomas等人就發現在gap : n中，存在一系列尖銳譜線。

These stud " can be concluded as following : on the basis of the bhw - 35 steel p - s - n curve and its da ' dn growth law the method of low - cycle fatigue life evaluation of 401 t / h boiler was proposed. and a mechanics model was suggested for calculating the stress of internal pressure suffering elbow. with the elbow fatigue test, a method of evaluation the fatigue growth life of pressure suffering elbow is recommended ; and the elementary use of damage mechanics on the fatigue life evaluation of the boiler drum

本文創新點為：在bhw - 35鋼的p ? s ? n曲線及da / dn擴展規律的試驗研究基礎上，提出了410t / h鍋爐汽包的低周疲勞壽命分析與預測方法；建立了一種橢圓截面變厚度彎管承受內壓時的應力計算力學模型，通過壓力彎管的疲勞試驗，本文推薦其低周疲勞擴展壽命預測方法；將損傷力學應用到鍋爐汽包疲勞壽命預測做了初步的探索。

Traffic - flow theory is a frontier and developing science that seeks to describe the characteristic of traffic in flow mechanics and mathematical and physical way. at present, there is n ' t an integrated theoretical system

交通流理論是運用物理學、流體力學和數學的方法來描述交通特性的一門邊緣科學，是發展中的科學，目前還沒有形成完整的理論體系。

This text completely and systematically studies the status and the development of the pyrolysis and the fluidization of biomass, which distill the bio - oil in the domestic and international area, as well as the existing problems. this thesis primarily include following aspects : ( l ), by experimenting and measuring the energy ( heat value ) and the content of c, h, n chemical element of right 20 kinds of common biomass, on the base of the experimental result, and respectively established the biomass energy predict experiment formula with the element of h and c is from change, and passed the ro. os examination, which provides the basis and convenience for flash pyrolysis fluidization device energy to convert the rate to compute with biomass energy utilization calculation ; ( 2 ), proceeded the tg and dtg experimentation equal velocity ( 10 ? / min, 20 ? / min, 40 ? / min, 60 ? / min ) heating and constant temperature heating by studying on eight kinds of biomass samples, according to the experimental data and arrhenius formula, we established the dynamics model of pyrolysis of, then, using the goast - redfern and p function, we also solved the dynamics parameters and analyze out every kind of biomass ' s frequency factor and parameters of activation energy, and established the every kind of dynamics model of pyrolysis of biomass, all of these provide the theories and basis to make sure the reactor ' s flash pyrolysis work temperature scope design and the describing of pyrolysis reactor dynamics ; ( 3 ), in order to study and ascertain the process of heat completely getting to pyrolysis time of varied size biomass particles, we observed and measured the ratio of length and diameter ( l / d ) with the varied biomass through electron microscope, we concluded the l / d ratios usually is from 5. 0 to 6. 0, the average is 5. 3 ; ( 4 ), we studied the process of biomass transiting and the theory of complete pyrolysis time with the theory of complicated heat field, we got the time ( t ) of the varied size biomass particles arriving to complete pyrolysis, and we knew that the complete pyrolysis time and the time which get to the biggest production ratio are identical, all of these studies provide the theory base for design and forecasting the flash pyrolysis reactor solid state resort time ; ( 5 ), according to the above experiment result, synthesize to make use of the engineering the mechanics, engineering the material, machine the design to learn the principle, deduce, establish the theory of rotation cone flash pyrolysis reactor material resort time ( t ) and reasonable rotation velocity ( or frequency ) relation theory ; and ( 6 ), we gave the reactor ' s smallest cone angle certain, reactor cone wall strength design theory, the reactor production ability theory, the power design method and the critical rotation velocity theory

本文較全面、系統地綜述了國內外生物質熱解液化制取生物燃油技術研究發展現狀及存在的問題，主要研究內容有： （ 1 ）實驗、測定了20種常見生物質的能量（發熱量）和c 、 h 、 n元素含量，根據實驗結果分別建立了以h和c為自變量的生物質能量預測經驗公式，並通過r _ （ 0 . 05 ）檢驗；為閃速熱解液化裝置能量轉化率計算和生物質能量利用率計算提供了依據和方便； （ 2 ）選擇了8種生物質試樣作了等加熱速率（ 10 min 、 20 min 、 40 min 、 60 min ）和恆溫加熱的tg和dtg實驗，根據實驗數據和阿倫尼烏斯公式建立了生物質熱解反應動力學微分方程，並採用goast - redfem積分法和p函數對其動力學參數進行了求解，解析出各種生物質的頻率因子和活化能參數，進而建立了各種生物質的熱解動力學模型，為科學確定反應器的閃速熱解工作溫度范圍及熱解反應動力學描述，提供了理論和依據； （ 3 ）為研究和確定不同尺度的生物質顆粒中心達到全熱解的時間，在體視顯微鏡下對不同粒度的生物質顆粒的長徑比進行了實驗觀察和測定，得出生物質的長徑比（ l d ）一般在5 . 0 6 . 0之間，平均為5 . 3的結果； （ 4 ）採用復雜溫度場傳熱學理論對生物質傳熱過程及充分熱解時間理論進行了研究，解析推導出了不同尺寸生物質顆粒中心溫度達到充分熱解溫度的時間（ t ） ，得出了理論推導的充分熱解時間與最大產油率的熱解時間相一致的結果，為閃速熱解反應器固相滯留時間設計和預測提供了理論依據； （ 5 ）根據上述實驗結果，綜合運用工程力學、工程材料、機械設計學原理，推導、建立了轉錐式閃速熱解反應器物料滯留時間（ ）與轉速（或頻率）合理匹配理論； （ 6 ）提出了轉錐式閃速熱解反應器的最小錐角設計、錐壁強度設計、生產能力設計理論和功率計算方法及臨界轉速理論等。

A new analytical method for the plane elastic or thermoelastic problem on complex multiply connected region based upon the complex potential theory of elastic mechanics built by muskhelishvili. n. i. by combining the theory of sectionally holomorphic function, cauchy model integral, the analysis of the singularity of complex function and riemann boundary problem, the analysis relation between the complex potentials is obtained, and then the problem is transformed into solving an elementary complex potentials equation

I彈性力學復勢理論的基礎上提出一種處理復雜多連通域平面彈性與熱彈性問題新的分析方法，將復變函數的分區全純函數理論，復勢奇性分析， riemann邊值問題與cauchy型積分相結合，求得各分區復勢的解析關系，將問題歸結為一個初等復勢函數方程的求解。

( 5 ) rock mass stability analysis on dam abutment of xia luo - yu damsite as follows : in left dam abutment, sideslip control structure has been relatively integrate, and low dip angle jointing did n ' t develop, so integrate sliding deformation control structure could n ' t been formed in three - dimensional space and rock mass stability could n ' t been influenced badly ; in right dam abutment, indicate rock mass distortion was caused by the rock mass mechanics condition, such as specific rock mass structure, compression stress concentrate with high strength and especial landform and so on

（ 5 ）對下落魚壩址壩肩巖體穩定問題的分析得出：左壩肩巖體雖然具有相對較完整的側滑控制結構，但由於緩傾角節理不發育，故在三維空間上不能形成完整的滑移變形控制結構，亦不會對壩肩巖體穩定性產生嚴重影響：右壩肩巖體復雜變形，是在特定的巖體結構、高強度的壓應力集中及特殊的地形等不可或缺的巖體力學條件下產生的。

As we all know that damage constitutional law of concrete is fit for solving mass little cracks situation, that fracture mechanics model is fit for solving only a few cracks situation, that separate crack model is only fit for dealing with those cracks whose locations is known firstly. but these situations do n ' t reflect the crack characteristic of the steel liner - reinforced concrete penstocks of the three gorges. so, this paper adopts the smear crack model to simulate crack

基於損傷力學模型更適合解決成群微裂縫問題，斷裂力學模型更適合解決少數裂縫情形，離散裂縫模式只能解決裂縫位置預先知曉的情形，這些都不符合三峽水電站鋼襯鋼筋混凝土引水壓力管道的裂縫特點，為此本文採用彌漫裂縫模式來進行裂縫的數值模擬，該裂縫模式能解決裂縫位置預先不知曉的情形，且能連續分析而無須重新劃分網格。

The research indicate that the structured soft clay has below several characteristic, the viscous strain is produced during the stage of primary consolidation and of second consolidation, and in the prophase, the relation of stress - strain - strain rate is unique, so the form of constitutive model, such as, f ( v ', e ) = 0, f ( ' v, e, t ) = 0, ca n ' t describe strain behavior of soil skeleton rationally ; the time - dependent properties involve three aspects, in addition the time - dependent strain, apparent preconsolidation pressures that depend on strain rate, and the effect of creep compression on apparent preconsolidation pressures ; because of holding structural strength, the mechanics characteristic is determined by the magnitude of stress, and the compression curve is composed of several sections. by combining structural yield stress and it ' s characteristics with the improved time line model, a new one - dimensional elastic visco - plastic consolidation model is established

研究結果表明，結構性土的固結過程具有以下特性：主固結和次固結階段都包含有因土骨架的粘滯性移動而產生的變形，而且在正常固結階段，存在應力?應變?應變速率的唯一性， f （ _ v ， e ） = 0 、 f （ _ v ， e ， t ） = 0形式的本構關系不足以描述土骨架的變形行為；固結壓縮過程中的時間效應包括三個方面的內容，除了應力應變關系與時間相關外，還包括粘滯性變形引起表觀前期固結壓力增加和屈服應力的應變速率效應；軟土的結構性使其力學特性與應力水平相關，壓縮曲線具有分段性。

The layer analysis model of the three - dimensional limit equilibrium analysis of slope stability based on the similar mechanics of bishop ' s method and spencer ' s method, and the corresponding concepts of image of slide resistance factor spectrum of slide resistance factor n image of pull force distribution and spectrum of pull force distribution are introduced

在此基礎上，介紹了以類似bishop法和spencer法的力學假定為條件的三維極限平衡的層分析模型，以及抗滑系數圖、抗滑系數譜、推力分布圖和推力分佈譜的概念。

The value of d001 was increased by 1. 1 nm after modification indicated by xrd. the influencee factors of the apparent kinetics of the decomposition rates of aiba and the influence of montmorillonite on the rate of emulsion polymerization were studied. nanostructured methyl methacrylate - n - cyclohexylmaleimide copolymer / montmorillonite composites were prepared by bulk and emulsion methods and the characterization of dsc tga tem xrd optic properties and mechanics properties were carried out

考察了aiba表觀分解速率的影響因素並研究了mmt對乳液聚合反應速率的影響，在此基礎上，用乳液法與本體法制備了p （ mma ? chmi ） ommt納米復合材料，並對納米復合材料進行了dsc 、 tga 、 tem 、 xrd 、光學性能、力學性能等測試。

In 1860, schrodinger first put forward the concept " schrodinger equations " in quantum mechanics and since then, the study on schrodinger equations has never stopped, for the mathematical description of many physical phenomena belongs to the field of schrodinger equations, such as nonlinear optic, plasma physics, fluid mechanics etc. as for the form of schrodinger equations, linear schrodinger equations was gradually replaced by nonlinear schrodinger equations ; as for the methods of solving schrodinger equations, the modulus estimate of energy, the principle of contraction mapping, fourier transformation and harmonic analysis are used ; as for the space of the solutions, many people have worked on the problem in bounded domain, euclidean space of dimension n, periodic bounded conditions and mixed regions and they also combined it with the generalization from low dimension to high dimension

） dinger方程，如非線性光學、等離子物理、流體力學[ 21 ]等；在方程形式上，從線性schr （ ? ） dinger方程到非線性schr （ ? ） dinger方程；在處理方法上，用能量模估計、壓縮映象原理和fourier變換調和分析等；在方程解空間上，研究有界區域、 n維歐氏空間、周期性有界區域和混合區域等，並且結合從低維向高維推廣。

But because there is the uncertainty principle in quantum mechanics, the particle ' s momenta and coordinates ca n ' t be determined at the same time, we ca n ' t use the orbits in phase space to describe quantum chaos

但是在量子力學中，由於不確定關系，粒子的動量和坐標不能同時被確定，所以經典龐加萊截面取法就不適用了。