monetary aggregate 中文意思是什麼
monetary aggregate
解釋
貨幣流通額-
The hong kong monetary authority hkma has revised the hkma page on reuters to further enhance the transparency of its market activities. starting from today thursday, the hkma page provides a forecast of changes in the aggregate balance of the banks clearing accounts with the hkma aggregate balance attributable to hkma s foreign exchange transactions
香港金融管理局金管局為進一步提高其市場運作的透明度，自今日星期四起，已修訂金管局在路透社的專頁，提供有關金管局所進行的港元外匯交易將會引致銀行體系結餘總額結餘總額變動的預測。 -
The main policy tool is manipulating the level of aggregate demand through fiscal or monetary policy.
主要政策手段是通過財政政策或貨幣政策來控制總需求水平。 -
John keynes suggested that the government should use fiscal and monetary policy to fine - tune aggregate demand to achieve full employment, while using prices and incomes policy to suppress inflation at source
約翰凱恩斯建議政府在利用物價和收入政策從根本上抑制通脹的同時，應該利用財政和貨幣政策來微調社會總需求，以達到充分就業的目的。 -
John m keynes suggested that the government should use fiscal and monetary policy to fine - tune aggregate demand to achieve full employment, while using prices and incomes policy to suppress inflation at source
約翰，凱恩斯建議= =在利用物價和收入政策從根本上抑制通脹的同時，應該利用財政和貨幣政策來微調社會總需求，以達到充分就業的目的。 -
Members further considered that the various measures introduced since last september such as the discount window, the convertibility undertaking in respect of the aggregate balance, and the movement of the convertibility rate for the aggregate balance by 1 pip per calendar day from 1 april 1999 had already stabilised the monetary system. to reduce further the scope for variability in the overnight interest rate could have the effect of making the system too rigid
此外，委員認為去年9月以來推行的各項措施包括貼現窗總結餘兌換保證，以及1999年4月1日起總結餘兌換保證匯率每個公歷日調整1點子的措施已有效地穩定貨幣體系，若是進一步減少隔夜拆息變動的空間，可能會使制度變得過份僵化。 -
Monetary economy and aggregate relations - the similarity between marx economics and keynes economics
馬克思經濟學和凱恩斯經濟學的異曲同工 -
Either action will lead to a reduction in the aggregate balance of the banking system, a crucial component of the monetary base, and a rise in the interbank interest rates, which then makes the hong kong dollar more attractive in terms of higher interest income and therefore, hopefully, stems the outflow
當有資金流出時，銀行體系的總結餘貨幣基礎的關鍵部分會減少，銀行同業拆息亦上升，從而令港元的利息收入增加，使港元更具吸引力，最終有助遏止資金外流。 -
The dissertation tests statistically the real effect of monetary aggregate as the intermediate target of chinese monetary policy and the role of interest rate in current monetary policy framework. furthermore, the dissertation demonstrates the directive significance of inflation targeting to chinese monetary policy by analyzing chinese financial structure and mechanism of monetary policy
論文最後檢驗了貨幣供應量作為中國貨幣政策中介目標的實際效果和利率在現行貨幣政策框架中發揮的作用，並通過分析中國的金融結構和貨幣政策傳導機制，論證了「通貨膨脹目標制度」對于中國貨幣政策框架調整所具有的借鑒意義。 -
The third is when there is a sudden increase in the monetary base, for example in the aggregate balance
第三是貨幣基礎，例如是其中的總結餘突然增加。 -
Members considered an information paper that presented an estimate of a monetary conditions index for hong kong, which was a weighted sum of the real interest rate and the real effective exchange rate reer, with weights reflecting the relative effects of the two variables on aggregate demand
委員會成員審閱了一份載有關于估計香港的貨幣狀況指數的資料文件，貨幣狀況指數是實質利率與實質港匯指數的加權總和，而有關權數反映兩者對整體需求相對的影響。 -
Having a bearing on monetary and financial stability in hong kong. these issues included the possible issuance of exchange fund papers to reduce the aggregate balance, movements in the backing ratio, the adequacy of international reserve holdings, macroeconomic conditions in mainland china, the use of the federal funds futures rate to extract information on market expectation of us monetary policy, and a review of hkma operations in the foreign exchange market
這些課題包括發行外匯基金票據及債券以減低總結餘水平、支持比率的變動、國際儲備在怎樣的水平才算足夠、中國內地的宏觀經濟狀況、透過聯邦基金期貨利率套取有關市場對美國貨幣政策的預期的資料，以及檢討金管局在外匯市場的操作。 -
In hong kong, the monetary base includes the amount of bank notes and coins issued, the balance of clearing accounts of the licensed banks held with the hkma for the account of the exchange fund for the purpose of effecting the clearing and settlement of transactions between the banks themselves and also between the currency board and the banks ( aggregate balance ), and the outstanding amount of exchange fund bills and notes
以香港來說，貨幣基礎包括已發行的銀行紙幣及硬幣總額；持牌銀行通過金管局在外匯基金開設的結算戶口的餘額（即總結餘，該戶口是為結算銀行之間及貨幣發行局與銀行之間的交易而設立） ；以及未償還外匯基金票據及債券總額。 -
In hong kong, the monetary base includes the amount of bank notes and coins issued, the balance of clearing accounts of the licensed banks held with the hkma for the account of the exchange fund for the purpose of effecting the clearing and settlement of transactions between the banks themselves and also between the currency board and the banks ( the aggregate balance ), and the outstanding amount of exchange fund bills and notes
以香港來說，貨幣基礎包括已發行的銀行紙幣及硬幣總額；持牌銀行通過金管局在外匯基金開設的結算戶口的余額（即總結余） ，該戶口是為結算銀行之間及貨幣發行局與銀行之間的交易而設立；以及未償還外匯基金票據及債券總額。 -
This last component is usually described as the aggregate balance. although traditionally it is one of the smaller components of the monetary base, it is also the most elastic component : its contraction or expansion is the crucial determinant in whether domestic interest rates respectively rise or fall
原因是這樣的：雖然一直以來被稱為總結餘的銀行體系結餘只佔貨幣基礎較小部分，但它亦是最具彈性的一部分，意思是總結餘的擴大或收縮，對本地利率的升跌都具關鍵作用。 -
The information will show, on the asset side, foreign reserves designated to back, on the liability side, the monetary base which includes bank notes and coins issued, and the aggregate balance and all the exchange fund paper outstanding
關于貨幣發行局資料的公布內容，將會顯示在資產一方的外匯儲備數字，作為支持在負債一方的貨幣基礎包括已發行的鈔票和硬幣，以及結餘總額和所有已發行的外匯基金債券票據。 -
Hence in 1998 we included exchange fund paper as part of the monetary base and made it transferable into the aggregate balance through the discount window
正是基於這個原因，我們在1998年將外匯基金票據及債券列為貨幣基礎的一部分，透過貼現窗使之能轉移至總結餘。 -
This requires that the banks operate clearing accounts with the currency board and that the aggregate of the balances in their clearing accounts forms the crucial part of the monetary base which is subject to the monetary rule of the currency board, he said
為此，銀行必須在貨幣發行局設立結算帳戶，而銀行結算帳戶合共的結餘總額便構成貨幣基礎的重要部分，而貨幣基礎本身須符合貨幣發行局的貨幣規定。 -
But, through adopting currency board arrangements, we have committed ourselves to creating money hong kong dollars and increasing the aggregate balance, the crucial element of the monetary base, only through the purchase of us dollars and to doing so transparently, with information disclosed real - time. this is the monetary rule that underpins the confidence in the hong kong dollar
不過，透過實施貨幣發行局制度，我們表明了堅定的立場：只會藉購入美元創造貨幣即港元及擴大總結餘即貨幣基礎的關鍵元素，並會以具透明度的方式進行，即時公布有關資料。
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