opinion evidence 中文意思是什麼

Evidence effectiveness of expertise report of imprint inspection and written opinion of imprint inspection

論痕跡檢驗鑒定書與痕跡檢驗意見書的證據效力

In the writer ' s opinion, presumption of innocence should be stated " everyone is innocent before he is proved and pronounced guilty, its extended meanings include, ( 1 ) the defendant is the main part and has qualifications in lawsuit. ( 2 ) the accusing party has the responsibility to offer evidence. ( 3 ) the priviledge against selfincrimination and right to silence are considered

筆者認為無罪推定原則的科學表述為任何人未經證實並判決有罪之前，應視為無罪，它所引申出的訴訟規則主要包括（一）被告人具有獨立的訴訟地位和訴訟主體資格； （二）由控訴方負主要證明責任； （三）反對自我歸罪及沉默權規則； （四）疑罪從無原則。

It is not many scholars to clearly prove the opinion of shifting the burden of proof, on the contrary the contradictory scholars are more prominent, for example the vice professor of southwest politics and law university, chengang, wuyue who translates and introduces the burden of proof of germany, because them there are more and more people support the opposite opinion, while in the draft of " civil evidence code ", the traditional idea win, in this draft the legislator abides by the present justice and our country ' s native circumstance, they made an scientific choice, of course, the burden of proof will directly influence the party " s possibility of losing the lawsuit, while the regulation of shifting the burden of proof increases the plaintiff ' s opportunity to win a lawsuit. to explain what is the shifting of burden of proof, the paper use the civil law as the example to point out the " reverse " is not entirly relieve the plaintiff s obligation of producing evidence, but in certain extent and in certain range make the defendant bear the burden of producing those proofs from the reverse way, which are originally beard by the plaintiff. in the three proceeding law, shifting the burden of proof have some differences, but the interior spirits are coincident - for the values of social justice and the legal reason

論證舉證責任倒置的學者觀點明確並且論證十分充分的不多，相反卻是對此著書立說予以反駁的學者較為突出，如西南政法大學的副教授陳則博士，翻譯並介紹德國證明責任學說的吳越先生均是目前國內對舉證責任倒置持否定態度的代表人物，由於他們的推動使得國內持此說的人越來越多，但在《民事證據法（草案） 》的擬定過程中，並未采責任倒置的地位，這樣的立法選擇是建立在對我國法律實現的本土環境客觀認識的基礎上的科學選擇，誠然，舉證責任的分配直接影響到當事人在訴訟中的敗訴風險，而「倒置」規則的設計，則在此問題上增加了原告勝訴的籌碼，在理解何為舉證責任倒置時，本文著重以民事法為主線，指出這種「倒置」並非全部免除原告的證明責任，而是在一定范圍與一定程度上將通常應由原告負擔的舉證責任轉由被告從反方面承擔，舉證責任倒置在三大訴訟法中所體現的具體情形有所差異，但它們的內在精神是一致的?法律的理性與社會公平價值，在民事訴訟中舉證責任倒置的情形，一般總是將其局限於特殊侵權情形，而忽略了民事合同違約責任的訴訟中的原告也無須對被告應承擔違約責任的所有要件，對被告主觀上的過錯實行推定，若被告予以否定則應對其無過錯的證據舉證，在設置舉證責任倒置的規則時，從各國的立法經驗與法的內在價值要求可以總結出以下幾個原則:程序法與實體法結合原則，公平原則，訴訟經濟原則，保護弱者原則等，基於此完善舉證責任倒置的規則時首先應肯定舉證責任倒置的概念，其次立法應避免求大求全，再次要配合實體法的發展，最後還可以在司法領域嘗試判例的指導意義。

Administrative penalty evidences are superficially classed as : physical evidence, written evidence, testimony, statements of parties, audiovisual material, inquisition record, spot inspection report. all the administrative penalty evidences should be recorded in the administrative rolls. in my opinion, " hearing record " should be a new kind of evidence

已有研究中證據形式都是從表層對證據進行分類，包括物證、書證、證人證言、當事人陳述、視聽資料、勘驗筆錄和現場筆錄等，作為行政處罰證據，除具備上述法定形式之外，都應當有一個共同的特徵，即以行政案卷為共同的載體。

For example, the author gives his opinion on the regulations on the civil evidence of the supreme court and research method of our country ' s evidence law

這是因為規范說的背後隱藏著實體目的和價值，與維護民事法律秩序以及禁止私力救濟的民事訴訟基本原理相符合。

More than a decade later de boer met another of us ( hale ) at an archaeological site in portugal where hale, who is an archaeologist, sought de boer ' s geological opinion on the evidence for earthquake damage at an ancient roman villa

10多年後，狄波爾在葡萄牙的一個考古地點遇到考古學家赫爾（本文另一位作者） ，那時赫爾為了某個羅馬古宅受地震損壞的證據，向狄波爾請教地質學上的看法。

On opinion evidence of laws of usa and england

論英美法的意見證據

America jurisprudence ( 2d ), vol. 31a, expert and opinion evidence ? extradition, george l. bounds, j. d., lawyers cooperative publishing, 1991 年 ， 19

您正在看的司法制度是:專家意見：不可忽略的證據類別。

The main content and opinion of each chapter are discussed as follow : chapter 1 general analysis of civil securing judgment procedure this chapter probes on the name, definition, character of civil securing judgment procedure and the difference between civil securing judgment procedure and other legal systemo firstly, we should choose the meaning of civil securing judgment procedure from its upper level definition, and adopt the model of the continent country legal system s legislation, that is, put the system of perpetuation of evidence out of the system of civil securing judgment procedure0 secondly, through the discussion of the procedure essence of civil securing judgment procedure, the time limitation of civil securing judgment procedure and the direct aim of civil securing judgment procedure, this article confined the meaning of civil securing judgment procedure

首先，對世界各主要國家關於民事保全程序的相關名稱作了梳理，探討了確立總概念的必要性，認為我國應當選擇民事保全的總概念並採用大陸法系民事保全程序的立法例，把證據保全排除在民事保全之外。其次，遵循民事保全的本義探究了民事保全的內涵。通過對民事保全的程序本質、採取民事保全措施的時間下限、民事保全的直接目的的論述，明確了民事保全的概念，即民事保全是指法院為了確保將來的執行文書的強制執行，或者為了避免不可挽回的損失，在執行文書生效之前，採取一定的強制性措施限制義務人處分其財產或者責令其作為或不作為的程序。

There are pacts included in the biscal study about the dotted like open space of the city, such as the related concept, characteristic and the basical attribute. at the same time, the studied objects are clearly defined, the overall idea and the structural research in system method have been leded into it. there two parts included in the illustrated study, studing on the spot and investigation of examples. the maneuverability of the methods of the layout and the feasibility about reality conditions are discussed combining the substantial evidence there two parts included in the illustrated study, studing on the spot and investigation of examples. the maneuverability of the methods of the layout and the feasibility about reality conditions are discussed combining the substantial evidence about urban planning through the study of the inside reasons and actuality of construction. the set up of the organic layout construction about systematism and holistic " core - link " is expounded include the part of principle of layout studies and method of layout studies. at the same time the constructive opinion is put forword through the concluding and considing about the principle and method of layout from macro view to tiny each level of view, regard spatial layout construction as the point

全文結構包括基礎研究、實證研究以及規劃設計原則與方法研究三大部分：城市點狀開放空間的基礎研究部分，包括城市點狀開放空間的相關概念與特徵、基本屬性，並明確界定了研究客體，引入了整體的觀念和系統結構的研究方法；實證研究部分，有實地調研和案例研究兩部分，剖析城市點狀開放空間的建設現狀和問題的內在原因，再結合相關的城市規劃實踐案例，進行實例分析與研究，探討規劃布局方法的可操作性和現實條件下的可行性；布局原則與方法研究部分，闡釋了系統化、整體式的「核心?環節」的有機結構布局框架的建構，並從宏觀到微觀各層面，以空間的布局結構為重點，就城市點狀開放空間的布局原則與方法進行歸納、總結與思考，並提出建設性的意見。

Those characters should be embodied in the following activities : obtaining evidence, putting to the proof, interrogation and confirmation of evidence. chapter ii administrative penalty evidence & doctrine of rolls this chapter contains " doctrine of rolls " and " hearing record ". in my opinion, system of rolls should be established in the administrative penalty procedure and doctrine of rolls should be observed in the penalty evidence

這既是構建行政處罰證據制度體系的基石，也是從證據法角度分析、評價行政處罰程序的著眼點，在行政處罰取證、舉證、質證、認證各環節都應當得到內容摘要充分體現，第二章「行政處罰證據與案卷排他性原則」 『本章包括「案卷排他性原則」和「聽證筆錄」兩部分內容。