opportunity cost value 中文意思是什麼

opportunity cost value 解釋
機會成本價值
  • opportunity : n 機會，好機會；〈罕用語〉湊巧，方便。 a good [favourable] opportunity 好機會，良機。 afford [fin...
  • cost : n 1 費用；代價，價格；成本。2 犧牲；損害，損失。3 〈pl 〉訟費。vt （cost; cost）1 值，要價（苦幹...
  • value : n 1 價值；重要性；益處。2 估價，評價。3 價格，所值；交換力。4 （郵票的）面值。5 等值；值得花的代...
  1. Muc is furtherly defined as intergenerational opportunity cost under sustainability context and the concept of relative value is built up to analyze its dynamic character. in the neoclassic growrh with the invariable substitution of resource for capital, the formulation of this relative value is deduced. for mpc, hotelling model is used to illuminate the relation between the change of mpc and the impossibilities of sustainable use of energy resources ; for mec, an optimal growth model with exhaustible energy resources and environment pollution is employed to calculate the optimal environment

    在可持續發展的條件下，將能源資源的邊際使用者成本進一步定義為代際機會成本，並建立相對價值的概念用於分析代際機會成本的動態變化，基於一個資本與資源存在確定替代關系的新古典經濟體系推導這種相對價值的表達式;在傳統的霍特林準則的基礎上，分析了邊際生產成本變化對資源可持續利用的影響;運用一個帶有資源與環境約束的最優增長模型，推導了邊際環境成本內部化的最優環境稅，並分析了這種稅收政策在實踐中的應用。
  2. In estimating eva, when it is zero or more, it means the capital return exceeds the investment ' s opportunity cost. and then it can be found out whether managers perform well enough to create the value added that the shareholders expect. to evaluate managers " performance and figure out the rewards, the board of directors should establish performance standards firstly - the eva objectives

    Eva能將股東資本的保值增值要求與經理人的經營結果巧妙地結合起來，能將企業經營利潤中股東資本所作出的貢獻與經理人智力資本所作出的貢獻巧妙地區分開來，能客觀合理地反映經理人的智力資本為企業創造的價值和股東獲取超額利潤的水平。
  3. The available wrv models such as shadow price model, marginal opportunity cost model, reproduction model, income present value model and supply - demand price model are introduced, and their principle, applicability, merits and demerits are analysed. and then, this paper discusses various factors which may have influence on wrv. finally, this paper establishes the fuzzy model of wrv

    指出現有的影子價格模型，邊際機會成本價格模型，再生產模型，收益現值模型，供求定價模型等水資源價值模型各自的模型原理、適用性及其優缺點，然後在此基礎上論述有關因素對水資源價值的影響，指出水資源價值的模糊屬性，構建了水資源價值模糊數學模型。
  4. This paper take comprehensive development project - " enrich farmers through water conservancy ( eftwc project ) " in pinggu district, beijing as an example or research area, to built up indexes system for evaluating such projects based on the analysis of the project ' s functions ; to evaluate the effects of eftwc project on the development of agricultural economy in research area with statistic analysis method, such as the theory of gray system and regression analysis method. the key points of this paper are focused on as following aspects : ( 1 ) the value of eco - environmental benefits of eftwc project in pinggu district is evaluated based on utility value theory and environmental economic methods such as equivalent substitution approach, opportunity cost approach, and replacement cost ap proach ; ( 2 ) the economic effects on investment are appraised with both static and dynamic cost - benefit analysis methods ; and ( 3 ) the effects of the eftwc project on the economy and society sustainability in research area are evaluated synthetically from three aspects : society development ability, economy development ability and resources and environmental capacity

    本文以北京市平谷區水利富民綜合開發工程為例，在分析了水利富民綜合開發工程功能的基礎上，建立了水利富民綜合開發工程效益價值評估的指標體系；用灰色系統理論、回歸分析等統計分析方法進行了水利富民綜合開發工程對平谷區農業經濟發展的影響評價；重點以效用價值論為理論依據，用等效替代法、機會成本法和重置成本法（恢復費用法）等環境經濟學方法，對平谷區水利富民綜合開發工程生態環境效益價值進行了評估；採用靜態和動態費用效益分析法進行了水利富民綜合開發工程投資經濟效果分析；最後從社會發展能力、經濟發展能力和資源環境承載能力3個方面進行了水利富民綜合開發工程對平谷區經濟社會可持續發展能力的綜合影響評價。
  5. With the growing market trends to outsource and privatize non - core services by large conglomerates and multinational corporations, urban group focuses on this opportunity to enhance its services in facility management. developed from its total quality management approach, urban groups facility management service emphasizes people, process and space performance. services include facility space planning and design, cost control, operations and maintenance, supporting services, and value and process improvement services, which aim to enhance the productivity of the facility assets for different organizations to achieve the expected business results

    富城集團的設施管理服務概念源自全面優質管理理念，強調人才流程及空間表現三者的相互配合，服務范圍涵蓋設施空間策劃及設計成本控制設施運作及保養支援服務提升設施價值和改善設施運作流程等，協助各企業提高生產效率，強調因應不同機構的營運而作出配合，達致業務持續增長的目標。
  6. The target of financial management ( fm ) is to achieve maximum value of enterprise is made definite, after anaiyzing all kinds of financial relationships. the essence of organization institution for modern enterprise system is agency by agreement, which can operate perfectly under the conditions of perfect encouragement & engagement rules, so the core of the encouragement & engagement rules for new fmm is to establish distribution regulations. there are many measures can be taken availably, such as budgeting, project cost management etc. and many new concepts of advanced management are worth being adapted, for instance, opportunity - cost, cost - benefit, legal knowledge, and so fbrth

    新的財務管理模式運行的環境是現代企業制度下的國際工程公司，現代企業制度最基本的要求是產權清晰，鑒于本院是知識技術密集型企業，引入了人力資本觀念，完善和充實產權清晰的內容；在分析了企業的各種財務關系后，明確提出財務管理目標?企業價值最大化；現代企業制度的組織制度的實質是委託代理關系，委託代理關系的有效運作依靠完善的激勵約束機制，以此為指導，新的財務管理模式建立起以分配製度為核心的激勵約束機制；充分吸收先進的管理觀念，如成本效益觀念、資金的時間價值觀念、法制觀念，運用先進的方法，如全面預算管理、項目成本管理等，來全面提高財務管理的水平；財務管理體制是財務管理模式運轉的組織保障；按照本院的業務特點，將業務分類，設置了相應的組織機構。
  7. This thesis attempts to build the enterprise group overall budget management system with value chain analysis method of michaele ? porter. after value chain and value activity analysis, we can find out the emphases of overall budget management, we can find out the information 、 opportunity and method to reduce the value activity cost, and confirm the emphases of process revolution, optimize the management process and work process. and then, design the overall budget management system according the circulation of the budget management, apply the system in idiographic enterprise group

    本文嘗試利用波特的價值鏈分析方法進行企業集團全面預算管理體系的構建，對企業的價值鏈和價值活動進行分析，確定全面預算管理的重點；在價值鏈系統中尋找降低價值活動成本的信息、機會和方法，確定流程改進的重點，對管理流程和作業流程進行優化；在經過流程化整合的組織結構基礎上，按照預算管理過程的循環進行全面預算管理體系的系統設計，並結合具體企業加以應用。
  8. Flexible assembly is becoming more and more important in manufacturing of nowdays. breaking through the limitation of the conventional thinking, we try to provide a comprehensive range of the value - added engineering services to achieve innovative manufacturing assembly solutions that deliver the highest productivity at the lowest cost. the assembly robot development project provides a good opportunity for us to fulfill this object

    現在柔性裝配系統在製造業中變的越來越重要，開發一些具有通用性、附加值高的單元設備來滿足製造業裝配作業的需要，設計一種低成本而且能夠擁有高生產率的具有創新思想的裝配方案，在生產實際中具有廣闊的推廣價值，本裝配機器人項目為實現這個目標給我們創造了一個很好的機會。
  9. Based on the characteristics and connotation of forest ecosystem services, physical and value assessment, including the assessment methods of shallow price, opportunity cost, substitution expenditure, capitalized returns and so on were used to evaluate the forest ecosystem services in wuyishan scenery district

    摘要根據森林生態系統的特徵和服務功能的內涵，採用物質量和價值量相結合的方法，運用影子價格法、機會成本法、替代花費法、收益資本化法等方法定量評價了武夷山風景名勝區森林生態系統服務功能的經濟價值。
  10. Water quantity prediction is the base and premise of water price calculating. this paper uses moving tendency forecasting modeling, gm forecasting modeling and bp neural forecasting modeling to forecast the water requirement of the future, evaluates the forecasting results, and confirms the forecasting results ; the industry water price elasticity index and the resident water price elasticity are calculated with the multi - linear regression method ; the water resources value is evaluated with the marginal opportunity cost method considering the transferring water, other parameters are evaluated and estimated by using some methods of connecting with objective laws and estimation

    用水量預測是水價制定的前提和基礎，本文在進行水量預測時，採用移動平均法、灰色預測法和bp神經網路進行預測，並對預測結果進行了綜合評價，確定出合理的預測結果；採用多元線性回歸方法確定工業用水價格彈性和居民生活用水價格彈性指數；採用跨流域調水情況下的邊際機會成本方法確定當地的水資源價值；採用主觀判斷和客觀規律相結合的方法對其它一些參數進行了確定。
  11. Based on the characteristics and connotation of forest ecosystem services, the physical and value assessment methods, including market value method, shadow engineering price method, production cost method, opportunity cost method and administering expenditure method, were used to evaluate forest ecosystem services in yashushan natural reserve

    摘要根據福建寧化牙梳山自然保護區森林生態系統的特徵和森林生態系統服務功能的內涵，採用物質量和價值量相結合的評價方法，使用市場價值法、影子工程價格法、生產成本法、機會成本法、治理費用法等定量評價了寧化牙梳山自然保護區森林生態系統服務功能經濟價值。
  12. Economic value added ( eva ) is the financial performance measure that comes closer than any other to capturing the true economic profit of an enterprise. eva also is the performance measure most directly linked to the creation of shareholder wealth over time. put most simply, eva is net operating profit minus an appropriate charge for the opportunity cost of all capital invested in an enterprise

    經濟增加值（ eva ）理論被認為是解決這一問題的有效方法， eva理論的核心思想是，一個公司只有在其資本收益超過為獲得該收益所投入全部資本成本時，才是為股東創造了額外的價值。
  13. Opportunity cost is the value of the sacrifice or opportunity for ? gone

    機會成本是只放棄某中機會或作出某種犧牲的價值。
  14. ( 6 ) the design principle of tdcam is that the marginal value of consuming environmental public goods of forest resources, i. e. environmental shadow price, can be acquired by using environmental demand curve which is induced by timber demand curve, or replaced by the opportunity cost given up timber benefits

    木材需求曲線修正法的設計思路是利用環境需求曲線計算環境公共產品的邊際價值，利用放棄的木材收益作為環境公共產品邊際價值的機會成本。
  15. In view of the non - uniqueness of optimal solution to linear programming dual problem, we considered the differences between shadow prices and the accounting prices, between shadow prices opportunity cost definition and the marginal value definition, and between shadow prices of combination resources and single resource, which explain the " non - uniqueness " of shadow prices in linear programming

    摘要針對線性規劃對偶問題最優解的非單一性，從影子價格與會計價格之間的區別、影子價格機會成本定義與邊際定義的區別、組合影子價格與單一影子價格的區別三個方面解釋線性規劃中影子價格的「非唯一性」 。
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