over-pricing 中文意思是什麼
over-pricing
解釋
定價過高-
With the rapid development of the security stock market especially the stock market in chian ， issuing stock and circulating on market became the first choice of financing for more and more enterprise at the same time ， more and more investors are attracted by the relately high initial return of stock however ， the problem of ipos underpricing always exists in the stock market according to the data of more than one thousand chinese stocks ， most new issues had great raise in the first trade day ， and investors could acquire higher initial return than the average return of the stock market or the same industry we find that initial returns on a - share ipos average reached 132. 24 percent the main body of this paper is made up of six sections ： in the first part ， we introduced the method of the estimate of pricing decision ； in the second part ， we analyzed the method of the pricing decision and issuing system in china ， discussed the advantage and weakness of the various issuing methods ， and compared the economic efficiency between the examine and approve system and authorization system ； in the third part ， we analyzed the reason of ipo ' s underpricing in detail from information economics and other factors and combined with the environment of the chinese stock markets ， we analyzed the special characteristics in china and how they effect the ipo ' s underpricing in the fourth part ， we analyzed the data of chinese stock market with spss ， made a analysis of the administrative pricing decision and market pricing decision ， studied the underpricing phenomena of chinese stock market ， and analyzed it ' s causes ； in the fifth part ， we made a analysis of the examine approve system and authorization system ； and in the last part ， we drew some conclusions and put forth some policy advices the follow are the conclusions and policy advices in this dissertation ： （ 1 ） from the results of this empirical study ， we found that the issuing price - earning ratio and the market situation before ipos are strongly and positively associated with the underpricing of shares ， the issuing scale of ipo and the hit rate are strongly and negatively associated with the underpricing ； （ 2 ） we found that after the abolishing of ipo ' s p / e ratio and the using of authorization system ， there is no significant difference among the underpricing of shares ， but considered with the market entironment ， we think that the ipo ' s underpricing has been correspondingly reduced （ 3 ） to reduce difference between the primary market and the second market ， we suggested that we shall bring the " over - allotment option ( oao ) " to bear and resume the state - owned share and corporate - owned share to circulate on market as soon possible
本文的主體由六個部分組成：第一部分介紹新股發行定價的估值方法；第二部分對我國的發行定價方式和發行制度進行分析，探討不同發行定價方式的優缺點，以及審批制和核準制經濟效率分析；第三部分從信息經濟學角度和其他因素的角度詳細分析造成新股發行抑價的原因，並結合我國股票市場實際情況，分析了我國市場的特有因素是否及如何影響一級市場的發行抑價程度的；第四部分利用統計分析軟體spss對我國新股行政化和市場化定價進行實證分析，主要包括新股發行行政化和市場化定價方式的實施情況和效果分析、新股發行行政化定價方式的實證分析，以及新股發行行政化和市場化定價方式的比較實證分析；第五部分利用統計分析軟體spss對我國新股發行審批制和核準制進行實證分析；第六部分是本論文的主要結論。本文的主要結論和建議有： （ 1 ）從實證分析結果看，我國新股發行抑價與市場環境、發行市盈率呈顯著正向關系，與發行規模、申購中簽率等呈顯著反向關系。 （ 2 ）取消發行市盈率限制和實施核準制等市場化改革措施並沒有降低發行抑價的絕對水平，只是由於市場環境的因素，發行抑價的相對水平才有所降低。 -
Our company is specialized accessorial material and decorative accessories, with our subtle sense in market and good knowledge in the accessorial material supply, we hare lessened the manufacturing cost by our efficient circulation and reasonable pricing. this enable us to win our customers from all over china, even the whole world. wedo bellev we are the best parther of you for a cooperation
本公司是一家經營服裝輔料配件為主的專業公司，在服裝輔料供應方面具有敏銳的市場經驗和堅實的專業知識，並以高效的流通速度和合理的價格有效的降低了制衣企業的生產成本，我們的客戶遍及全國和世界各地，我們堅信能夠成為您的合作夥伴 -
Take the reform of the pricing system for example. we have gradually lifted the control over prices, and now the prices of most commodities are under market control
我們的價格體制改革就是這樣做的，每年逐步放開一些商品價格，如今大部分商品價格已由市場來決定。 -
The pricing period for china bluechemical, a former fertiliser subsidiary of china national offshore oil corporation that is coming to market, has been shortened because of overwhelming interest ? it is more than 100 times over - subscribed, and rising
中海石油，前中國海洋石油總公司的前子公司，由於受到市場巨大的吹捧，其股票詢價期被縮短了? ?它的超額申購倍數超過了100多倍，而且這個倍數還在不停的上漲。 -
With over ten years experience, the author compares the administrative system implemented by american government in transfusion institution with that of practiced by shaanxi province government. and employing four theories, theory of entry regulation, theory of price regulation, theory of asymmetry of information and regulatory capture theory. the author analyses the apparent distinctions between these two systems in the aspects of market entry, investment, pricing methods and information regulation
作者根據十幾年參與陜西省血液供應管理工作的體會和總結，以美國政府對各地區采供血行業的管制方法作為參比物，對比陜西省對采供血機構管理體制的差異，尋找在現有制度下解決陜西省血液供應管理模式的問題，運用政府管制經濟學進入管制、價格管制、信息不對稱和政府俘虜等四項理論，分析得出陜西省對血液供應機構管制存在血液市場進入、機構出資主體、產品定價模型以及信息管制上的明顯差異。 -
The author uses three classical portfolio theories, portfolio selection, capital assets pricing, arbitrage pricing and the economics together with the operational procedures to create a new portfolio method which is to construct a high level portfolio first, then a low level one and finally combine them into a two - folded portfolio. the author in this dissertation makes an application of the new method over the capital market to show its advantages in use
本文針對現代投資組合理論方法的不足，並在系統梳理三大投資組合理論的基礎上，融進現代經濟學理論，結合實踐中的具體操作步驟，將現代投資組合理論方法分解為：先構建高層次類別的投資組合，然後建立低層次類別的投資組合，最後復合成二重投資組合，通過在資本市場上的理論應用，旨在說明二重投資組合理論方法具有的優勢所在。 -
Over time, this virtuous cycle will place increasing pressure on traditional retailers who lack similar sales productivity levels, leading to diminishing service and presentation and / or an increasing gap in pricing, reinforcing value players ' consumer advantage
假以時日，這種良性循將對無法達致相當銷售率水平的傳統零售商帶來越來越大的壓力，令服務、產品陳列及/或價格上的差距進一步加劇，從而強化了折扣零售商的消費者優勢。 -
Analysis on comparing rs with seo is done by means of pricing patterns, biding bodies, amounts of issue and risk to underwriting, etc. on the basis of over analysis, we present some practical measures to make better the rs and seo : to improve financial parameter which is necessary for the qualification of rs, refrain non - circuiting stockholders to improperly take part in rationing shares and give up rationig shares, set standards to the policy of dividend distribution, establish the transaction market of rights of rationing shares
對配股與增發新股進行比較研究，主要從兩者的本質區別、定價方法、認購對象、發行數量、股本結構變化以及券商承銷風險等方面展開。在以上分析的基礎上，提出了完善配股、增發新股的具體措施:改進配股資格的財務控制參數，約束國有股、法人股股東的參配、棄配行為，規范上市公司股利分配政策，建立配股權交易市場;在增發價格與公司的內在價值相符的前提下實施小折扣發行，引入超額配售選擇權，建立募集資金的專戶存儲制度。 -
Marcel has been responsible for the development of work programmes for ec - supported research and demonstration actions with a value of over 500 million euro that covered, among other things, urban pricing ; mobility management / tdm ; clean vehicles and alternative fuels ; travel behaviour ; and public transport organisation
馬塞爾負責歐洲委員會資助研究項目的具體實施，並管理著總價值超過50億歐元的其它開發研究計劃，包括：城市物價制定、機動性管理/ tdm 、環保車輛及可替代燃料、出行行為、公共交通組織。 -
After 1989, the increase of demand slowed down and facing the complexion of low degree of industrial concentration of product market and financial strain of medi um and small - sized enterprises caused by the circulating trap of " credit squeeze - - - bad loan ", the advantageous enterprises " " wallow in money ", specifically, those listed companies that could finance from the stock market, began to take predatory pricing strategy in succession and tried to enlarge market share and obtain high return by squeezing medium and small - sized enterprises out of the market after 1998, the vicious circle of deflation and " credit grudging " of banks in product and credit markets, overcapacity, the difficulty of retreating of loss - incurring enterprises in some industries from the market for institutional reasons and over - competition in some industries, led to the incessant decrease of enterprises " global income, persistent increase of rate of debts and constant rise of ratio of bad assets of banks, which further intensified the vicious circle of deflation and " credit grudging " of banks
如在改革開放初期，在產品市場需求旺盛和信貸市場預算軟約束的情況下，各類企業的最優決策就是採用高負債、高擴張的「負債的有限責任效應」策略來搶占市場並獲得高回報； 1989年以後，需求增速開始放緩，面臨產品市場產業集中度較低和信貸市場「信貸緊縮-不良貸款」循環陷阱導致的中小企業資金緊張的局面， 「錢袋鼓鼓」的優勢企業（尤其是那些可以通過股票市場融通資金的上市公司）紛紛採用掠奪性定價策略，試圖通過把中小企業擠出市場來擴大市場份額並獲得高收益； 1998年以後，產品市場和信貸市場形成了通貨緊縮和銀行「惜貸」惡性循環的狀況。產品市場上部分行業生產能力嚴重過剩，且由於體制等原因導致虧損企業無法退出，因此這些行業中出現了過度競爭的現象，企業總體收益的不斷下滑、負債率不斷提高以及銀行不良資產率的持續上升，又進一步加強了通貨緊縮和銀行「惜貸」的惡性循環。 -
However, on key commodities such as copper, zinc, nickel, steel, iron ore, lead and aluminum, as china is already the single largest important contributor to demand and demand growth, its continued strong gdp growth at over 10 % in 2008 should remain highly supportive of their pricing outlook
然而，對銅、鋅、鎳、鋼鐵、鐵礦、鉛和鋁等商品，由於中國已經是需求和需求增長的最大的單個國家，其2008年持續的、強勁的、超過10 %的gdp增長將有力支撐這些商品的價格前景。 -
Mr xeon say, director of refco forex limited explained : " traditionally, the foreign exchange market was somehow labeled as an over - the - counter product with limitations in a host of areas, specifically margin control, pricing spread execution, but most of all it was extremely cumbersome
Refco forex limited董事徐瑞安解釋：外匯市場傳統地被標簽為場外投資產品，加上杠桿比例控制買賣差價等交易環節的運作均極為煩瑣。 -
Revenue potential pricing model ? pricing changes over time
定價模式如何？是否隨時間變化而變化？ -
The most likely explanation lies in the potential pricing power that a combined bhp - rio would have over iron ore
最可能的解釋是必和必拓與力拓合併后將會主宰對鐵礦石的定價能力。 -
This text takes the pricing positive analysis of the welins constructing paint for starting point, and its research aim to consequently want to establish the strategy of the competitive price discrimination including the over - price of the project market and the high - value price of the retail sales to suit for the constructing paint enterprise, especially for welins products
本文以威林斯建築塗料的價格實證分析為著眼點，其研究目的是要制定出適合建築塗料企業，尤其是適合威林斯的差異化競爭定價策略，即溢價的工程營銷和高價值定價的分銷策略。 -
The legal control over transferring pricing and tax avoidance in multinational enterprises in china
我國對跨國企業轉移定價避稅的法律控制
分享友人