pastoral 中文意思是什麼

音標 ['pɑ:stərəl]
pastoral 解釋
n. 名詞 1. 牧歌，田園詩[曲、劇、畫、雕刻]。
2. 牧師寫給教區居民的公開信〈又作 pastoral letter〉。
3. 田園景色。
adj. 形容詞 1. 牧人的。
2. （土地）適于牧畜的；（詩等）描寫田園生活的；牧歌似的；鄉村的。
3. 牧師的，主教的。
n. 名詞 -ist 1. 田園詩[曲、劇、畫等]的作者。
2. 放牧者，牧畜者。
3. 〈澳大利亞〉畜牧場主。
adv. 動詞 副詞 -ly
  1. But this additional food is only obtained by a great additional amount of labour ; so that not only an agricultural has much less leisure than a pastoral population, but, with the imperfect tools and unskillful processes which are for a long time employed ( and which over the greater part of the earth have not even yet been abandoned ), agriculturists do not, unless in unusually advantageous circumstances of climate and soil, produce so great a surplus of food, beyond their necessary consumption, as to support any large class of labourers engaged in other departments of industry

    但是只有靠大量增加勞動，才能生產出更多的糧食，因此不僅農業人口比起遊牧人口來說空閑時間要少得多，而且由於長期使用不完善的工具和不熟練的技藝（在世界上很大一部分地區直到現在仍是這樣） ，除了在氣候和土壤特別有利的情況下，農民們生產不出超過自身消費量很多的余糧，因而供養不了大群從事其他產業的勞動者。
  2. Advances in agro - pastoral zone of northern china : an overview

    中國北方農牧交錯區研究展望
  3. A soft pastoral air that imitates bagpipe music

    模仿繆賽特曲的柔和的田園曲
  4. School chaplains and pastoral assistants can help students in religious formation, run catechumen classes, establish small christian communities, organize teachers bible reading groups, conduct school - wide liturgical services and prayer gatherings. they can hold periodical meetings with different classes of students to talk about problems of life and faith, and also assist in the work of fostering the pastoral zeal of the school principals, teachers and minor staff

    他們可協助培育學生的宗教信仰開設慕道班組織信仰小團體，組織研讀聖經班，為全校舉辦宗教禮儀或祈禱聚會，更可定期和各級學生聚會，探討人生信仰聖召等問題也可作別或小組靈性輔導。
  5. Pastoral workers engaged in marriage and family ministry should remind the divorced catholics who remarry or catholics who marry divorcees to try to adopt the following procedures : to seek help, first of all, from the ecclesiastical marriage tribunal - some marriages can be annulled according to the code of canon law, or dissolved in favour of the christian faith

    從事婚姻及家庭牧民的工作者應提示離婚後再婚的教友，或與離婚人士結婚的教友，嘗試採用下列程序： 1首先應尋求教會婚姻法庭的幫助-某些婚姻可按教律宣判無效，或因信仰理由得以解除。
  6. Parishes should organize further catechesis renewal courses for the faithful regularly. appropriate speakers can be invited, e. g. pastoral team members, parishioners graduate from the institute of theology, philosophy and religious sciences of the holy spirit seminary college or biblical institute, catechists of the parish or staff members of formation institute of the diocese, so as to enable the faithful to review systematically the relationship between daily life and the bible, liturgy, morals and catechism

    堂區應定期為教友舉辦再慕道培育，可以邀請合適的講者，如堂區牧職人員聖神修院神哲學院各學部哲學部神學部及宗教學部或聖經學院畢業的堂區教友堂區慕道班導師或教區有關培育機構的幹事，讓教友有系統地重溫聖經禮儀倫理要理和生活的關系。
  7. The relationship and communication between the parish and the catechumenate should be strengthened, e. g. members of pastoral team or parish pastoral council should visit the catechumenate periodically, and share the recent development of the parish, invite catechumens to take part in parish activities and to conduct home visits to the catechumens etc. parish priests are encouraged to be visiting speakers in the catechumenate, as to have more contacts with the catechumens

    堂區和慕道團應加強彼此間的關系和溝通，如堂區牧職人員或牧民議會成員定期探訪，介紹堂區近況邀請慕道者參加堂區活動及為慕道者進行家訪等，堂區神父更好擔任慕道團的成員，以便多與導師及慕道者接觸。
  8. Pastoral ministers of the parish should dedicatedly encourage more laity with charism of leadership to come forward, and actively invite and encourage them to receive relevant formation

    堂區牧職人員應致力發掘更多有領導神恩的教友，主動邀請，鼓勵接受有關的培育。
  9. Formation institutions of the diocese should design special training courses or activities for officers of parish pastoral council. through lively activities, games, role plays etc., with special focus on team building, inter - personal communication, such courses should enable participants to build up relationships of cooperation, enhance problem solving ability, foster team spirit, and increment techniques of empowerment and negotiation etc. they will be helpful for the planning of the future pastoral direction and concrete manageable projects of the entire parish, as well as guiding the council members to live according to their christian mission and communitarian spirit. parish priests should participate in such courses

    教區有關機構應特別為堂區牧民議會堂區議會幹事設計信仰培育的課程或活動，透過多元化的活動游戲個案扮演等，特別針對團隊建設，人際溝通，幫助參加者建立彼此的合作關系，共同解決問題建立團隊精神，學習充權empowerment和協商negotiation的技巧等，制定整個堂區未來的牧民方向和具體可行的計劃，並指導議會幹事如何在堂區會議及工作中，活出基督徒的使命感和團體感，主任司鐸應一起參與這些課程，這樣實在有助於彼此的合作和共融，特別是有助於教友和神職人員之間的合作共融愛和寬恕。
  10. Pastoral crosier - the emblem of a shepherd ' s watchfulness over his flock, and denotes episcopal jurisdiction and authority

    牧師權杖統馭無知者的領袖，象徵主教的裁判權和威信。
  11. The setting up of this post has been very smooth with the support of cwm nethersole fund and chan king yee family fund. the further development of the " pastoral programme ", however, could be possible only with the full support of the christian community

    該職位獲世界傳道會那打素基金及陳敬儀女士紀念基金資助得以設立，長期則需倚賴教會及各界人士捐款支持，使教牧事工部可進一步發展。
  12. There should be at least one pastoral worker clergy, nun, or laity for each deanery ; she he should be a full - time partner for young workers, thus establishing an official mechanism to support their cell groups

    每個鐸區設一位牧民工作者神父修士修女或平信徒，協調為在職青少年的各種服務成為他們團體的支援機制。
  13. At deanery and parish levels, priests, pastoral workers, members of parish formation groups and social concerns groups have to understand the problems faced by workers today in order that they can give more support to the labor

    培育神職人員牧民工作者堂區培育組及關社組在鐸區層面及堂區層面認識工人問題，並接觸工人。
  14. Athem, pastoral and elegy three connotations of lily

    的三層意蘊
  15. The reeds are also larger than those of the oboes. the english horn produces a pastoral, slightly quaint and nasal quality

    英國管的音域甚廣，音色豐富，但稍具凄涼的感覺。
  16. An outlook of returning to the nature and aesthetic standards of pastoral poetry eulogizing countryside scenery

    回歸自然的人生取向與山水田園詩審美境界
  17. Based on an analysis of the history and present status of the farmland - pastoral ecotone in the northern part of china, a new point of view was proposed in this paper for the construction of eco - environmental systems, namely, the industrial structure has to be modified so as to make a functional integration between different parts of the whole system : to give priority to a combination between cultivated grassland and in - shed feeding of domestic animals, and at the same time, to employ a new model of animal husbandry so that the degradated natural grassland can be recovered ; to develop a new type of processing industry for agricultural and forestal products so as to create a pluralistic enterprise structure ; to make a better use of water resources by taking advantages of the abundant resources of energy and minerals, and to restrain the expansion of industries of high environmental cost ; to employ techniques of integration management and restoration ecology, and to speed up the process of woodland and grassland recovery ; to make a thorough plan for arrangements of hills, waters, roads, farmlands, forests and pastures in order to gain an integration at landscape level

    摘要在簡要分析中國北方農牧交錯帶形成歷史和現狀的基礎上，提出了北方地區生態環境建設必須從產業結構調整出發、進行系統功能整合的思路：把人工飼草業舍飼畜牧業擺在農牧交錯帶經濟發展的優先位置，推行新型畜牧業經營管理模式，促進天然草場改良復壯；發展「綠色」農林牧產品精細加工業，建立多元化產業結構；發揮能源和礦產資源優勢，合理利用水資源，限制以破壞環境為代價的產業的發展；推廣區域綜合治理與生態恢復技術，加大退耕還林還草的力度；山、水、路、農、林、牧統一規劃，實現生態系統在景觀水平上的整合。
  18. Through a number of recording tours, pastoral songs " of india, spell casting from sadoo ", orrudindedou " / batokin " which are string instruments of mongolia, gamelan ", ketiak " and jegoku " of bali were recorded

    他們帶著數字錄音機，獨自多次到達印度山區，蒙古大草原和巴厘島的村莊，搜集了包括反映印度的「牧歌」 （據說被印度的聖人下過咒） ，蒙古的馬頭琴之類弦樂器以及巴厘島的家麥蘭等演奏的樂曲。
  19. The evaluation model of climatic resources of herbage in the pastoral area of northern china

    中國北方牧區牧草氣候資源評價模型
  20. Clerics and pastoral workers to remind the catholics to respect the earth and creation through homilies, penitential rites and retreats

    神職及牧職人員提醒信眾尊重自然生態，明白破壞環境生態為一種罪過。
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