positive capital 中文意思是什麼
positive capital
解釋
確定資本-
The positive analysis of the contributive degree of human capital to the economic growth of northwest china
西北地區人力資本在經濟增長中作用的實證分析 -
Positive analysis of total market surplus rate and company achievement circulation equity capital
總體市盈率與公司業績流通股本間的實證分析 -
In this thesis, the methods of positive philosophy and standardized research and the theories of economics and management are used to make the thesis systematic and comprehensive. the results of precedents and the advanced thoughts from a large amount of the domestic and international theories are absorbed. according to the reality, i analyses and research systematically the problem on the accumulation of the intellectual capital
本文採用實證分析與規范分析相結合的方法，利用經濟學和管理學的基本理論，借鑒和吸收了國內外大量的研究成果，針對我國高新技術企業發展的實際情況，對高新技術企業智力資本的積累，測度以及運營等問題作了系統地分析和研究。 -
In present dissertation, most stirpses are repartitioned and redefined, and the structure characteristic, course of formation, cause of formation, function and risk of stirpses are analyzed. the main conclusions are : [ 1 ] rapid development of corporations engenders urgent demand of financing, conflict between capital market imperfection and demand of financing leads corporations to control listed corporations by purchasing " shell " and enhance it ' s financing capability ; [ 2 ] two kinds of pricing institution of stock provides stirpses for controlling listed corporations by low cost, monitoring institution imperfections provides corporations for operating listed corporations. adjust of national assets provides more " shells " ; [ 3 ] more private corporations purchase listed corporations, some of them form stirpses ; [ 4 ] stirpses have positive influence about adjusting industry and enhancing capital market financing function ; [ 5 ] stirpses magnify financial risk by controlling listed corporations, and transform listed corporations from shareholders benefit to block shareholder benefit, having tendency of infracting shareholders benefit
本文主要的結論： [ 1 ]中國企業的迅速發展對融資有迫切的要求，中國國內資本市場發展不完善與這種強烈的融資需求的沖突導致了企業尋求通過買「殼」的方式控制上市公司，以此來提高自身的融資能力； [ 2 ]中國上市公司股票的兩種定價機制為「系」低成本控制上市公司提供了可能，監管機制的不完善為「系」提供了操縱上市公司的空間，國有資產在調整過程中從部分競爭行業退出，為資本市場提供了一定數量的「殼」資源； [ 3 ]民營企業紛紛買「殼」上市，在這個過程中，部分實力突出的企業形成了「系」 ； [ 4 ] 「系」現象對進行行業整合、提高資本市場融資能力等方面起到了積極的作用； [ 5 ] 「系」通過對上市公司進行的操縱放大了金融風險，將上市公司的股東利益最大化變為大股東利益最大化，存在著侵害小股東利益的潛在傾向。 -
Then, in the light of actual reality in china and the practical cases of stock trading companies and collective - property & hi - tech enterprises which carried out the system of stock options in - pilot, proposals are put forward for the design, execution and assessment of executive stock options plan and phantom stock options plan. finally, on the basis of the analysis of positive and negative effects of incentive stock options system, it is concluded that attention should be paid to the coordination bet ween system guarantee and normalized operation, between incentive and restriction, and to the macroscopic way on how to perfect as soon as possible the capital and human resource market, with a view to offering a premising condition for practicing as soon as early the incentive stock options system
本課題通過對股票期權的基本理論進行闡述，分析了實施股票期權激勵的理論依據以及股權激勵的本質特點；同時根據國內目前的現狀，結合國內上市公司以及民營高科技企業試行股票期權的實例，對經理股票期權計劃和虛擬股票期權計劃的設計、實施以及考核提出了自己的建議；最後通過分析股票期權激勵的正負效應，得出了在國內具體實施期權激勵時應注意制度保障與規范運作、激勵與約束相互對等以及從宏觀側面上如何盡快完善資本和人力市場，為股票期權激勵機制的早日推行提供前提條件等相關結論。 -
The second is that monopoly produces some positive effects : as static efficiency to say, there are four mechanisms, namely economies of scale, economies of scope, internalization of externalities and learning effect, which optimize the allocation of resources. monopoly advantages decrease of transaction cost. some extent monopoly has benefits to technology innovation and human capital accumulation
其次，壟斷具有正的效應：從靜態效率來看，壟斷存在四種優化資源配置的機制（規模經濟機制、范圍經濟機制、外部性內化機制和學習效應機制） ；壟斷有利於機會成本的降低，從而可以提高社會經濟活動的效率；從動態效率來看，一定程度的壟斷有利於技術進步和人力資本的積累，因而是動態有效的。 -
From a positive point of view, this means an abundant flow of free capital
從良好的願望來看，資金會是源源不絕的。 -
Mr zhu qi, managing director and chief executive officer of icbc asia said : " we are delighted to report very positive response from investors to our first notes issue in the international capital market. the 5 times over - subscription reflected the broad recognition of both the european and asian institutional investors in our strategic growth and operational strategies
他表示：是次為本行首次在國際資本市場發行債券，由於本行發展戰略和經營策略得到市場廣泛認同，所以認購反應熱烈及至超額5倍，而且認購者包括歐洲亞洲等地區機構投資者。 -
The discuss starts from the " positive externalities " of tech - research and development, pointing out that the products of tech - research and development somewhat has the property of " public good ". without < wp = 8 > government ' s interfere, the intensity of tech - research and development by private section ca n ' t meet the need of " pareto optism " because of the " positive externalities ", as a result, the items of venture capital are insufficient and the development of venture captal will be pull back. rational policies of government expediture can internalize the " positive externalities " - transforming them to more revenue or less cost of the tech - research and development private suppliers. be feared of the high risk at the beginning of venture capital, the private section ca n ' t provide enough capital, the " capital gap " should be fetched up by government with equity capital, creditor ' s right capital, subcidy, at the same time, some other means, such as government purchase, credit guarantee, capital insurance, tax expenditure can promte private capital, is also important. in this part, the function of the above means, the establishment and enforcment of them are breafly discussed. because tax policies play a critical role in fiscal policy, r - y chart is used to analyse the relation between tax and venture capital, at last, a conclution is drawn : tax expenditure can promote venture capital
這部分論述從科技研發成果的「外溢性」入手，指出科技研發成果在不同程度上具有「公共品」性質，這種外溢性使得在純市場條件下，私人部門研發活動強度達不到社會資源配置最優的要求，也使風險投資項目來源不足， < wp = 6 >阻礙風險投資的發展。合理的政府財政支出政策可以使「外溢性」內部化。之後，論述了風險投資資本來源與政府財政支出政策的關系，由於風險投資尤其是其初期的高風險性，民間風險資本不足，應由政府以股權及債權投資、補助等財政直接支出方式彌補資本缺口，運用政府采購、財政擔保、保險、貼息、稅收優惠等間接支出方式，鼓勵民間資本進入風險投資領域也同樣重要。 -
From the viewpoint of the interactive relationship between modern pension scheme and productivity, this paper observed the function and prospect of occupational pensions in china within a background consisting of population structure, labor productivity, and finance environment, utilized simulation and scenario analysis in actuarial models to estimate and analyze the effect of occupational pensions in the replacement rate of urban retired employees, then pointed out the magnification effect of occupational pensions in increasing the replacement rate and the higher efficiency in improving retirement income of urban retired employees. it also predicted the size expectation of occupational pensions during 2002 - 2010 in china, described the function of occupational pensions in developing the capital market and improving the labor productivity, especially emphasized the higher probability of occupational pensions to play the role of institutional investors compared with basic pension. in short, this paper proved the positive meaning of developing occupational pensions from micro - level and macro - level respectively, and brought forward corresponding policy suggestions
本文立足於現代社會養老保險制度與生產力之間的互動關系這一視角，把對我國企業年金作用與發展空間的考察置於包括人口結構、勞動生產率、金融環境等諸多因素的經濟大背景下，在精算模型中運用模擬（ simulation ）和情景分析方法，對企業年金對我國退休職工養老保險收入替代率的影響進行了定量分析和預測，指出了企業年金在提高退休職工收入替代率方面的放大作用，以及比基本養老保險在提高退休職工收入方面的更高效率；並對我國企業年金2002年- 2010年的預計發展規模做了預測，闡述了企業年金對我國發展資本市場和提高勞動生產率的意義，著重指出了企業年金較之基本養老保險基金充當資本市場機構投資者的更大可能性。 -
The results indicated that the change of capital structure of chinese listed companies is counter - cyclical and financial deepening promotes the capital structure optimization of listed companies in the certain degree. empirical analysis also show there is a negative relationship between stock market scale, actual loan interest rate, profitability, fluidity, income volatility and capital structure. we also can see a positive relationship between fir, the bond market scale, the property structure, growth opportunities, size and the capital structure
結果表明我國上市公司的資本結構變動與宏觀經濟周期之間呈逆向變動;金融深化在一定程度上促進了上市公司資本結構的優化;股票市場規模、實際貸款利率、盈利能力、流動性、收益波動性與資本結構負相關;金融相關比率、資產結構、成長性、公司規模與資本結構正相關。 -
The empirical results show that the banks with larger scale tend to have lower prime rates and that bank capital costs and operating expenses have positive effects on the prime rate pricing
實證結果發現，銀行資金成本及營業費用對基本放款利率有正向影響，而規模愈大的銀行則會有較低的基本放款利率。 -
Research of urban collective economy has been changed from normative to positive, from necessity and method of reformation to actual reformatory process. in 2003, there are 22478 an urban collective - owned enterprise with its gross sales income beyond 5 million yuan in china, which gross value of industrial output is 945. 8 billion yuan. urban collective - owned enterprises are often called “ secondary state - owned enterprises ”, which are competitive industries and partly invested by state - owned capital
2003年全國銷售收入在500萬元以上的城鎮集體所有制工業企業22478家，現價工業總產值9458 . 43億元，城鎮集體企業中國有資本佔有很大部分，城鎮集體企業通常也稱作「二國營」 ，而其也多為競爭性行業，在「國退民進」的大環境下，城鎮集體企業改制是國有企業改革的最後一塊相似的試驗田。 -
Canal lining project have been suffered from freeze for a long time at ningxia irrigation area and cause some serious results. a great deal of capital has been spent in convinence and rebulid of old canal lining every year, it affects badly positive benefit of hydraulic project and delays the development speed of irrigation area
長期以來，寧夏灌區渠道襯砌工程一直受凍脹危害，使得渠道襯砌發展不快，每年大量資金都用在原有襯砌渠道的維修改造上，不僅嚴重影響了水利工程效益的發揮，而且大大地影響了灌區的發展。 -
In contrastive analysis of two types of capital flows, the paper explains advantages and disadvantages of each type, and attempts to study the positive effect of securitization in capital flows on chinese economic growth through capital forming, enterprise developing and state - run companies reforming, especially when the indirect capital flows has got into trouble and speed of chinese economic growth has not reached the potential level
在對比中，說明了資本流動兩種方式的優缺點。在分析中國現階段經濟增長中間接資本流動帶來的問題基礎上，說明資本流動證券化在中國的資本形成、企業發展和國有企業改革中所起的積極作用。 -
Capital configuration tactic is classified as positive investment tactic, negative investment tactic and blend management tactic
將股票投資策略分為積極投資策略、消極投資策略以及混合管理策略。 -
Chapter three analyzes motivation of assets recombination of public company from system policy and market by logical analysis of the western industrial organization theory. it demonstrates that it happens necessarily and logically that domestic capital of traffic public company will expand, then sets up affiliated company and annexes and reforms. it analyzes active and positive factors on strategic evolvement in competition, concludes the actual effect of this evolvement
武漢理工大學碩士學位論文第3章按西方產業組織理論scp邏輯分析方法對上市公司資產重組的動因從制度政策和市場兩個方面進行了分析，論證了交通上市公司從企業內部資本擴張到創建聯營體到並購重組的發生的必然性和合理性，分析了這種竟爭戰略演進上積極和消極的方面，得出這種竟爭戰略進化的實際效果。 -
The free entry - and - departure policy of hong kong government encouraged the influx of chinese refugees, bringing with them capital and work forces, which in turn was positive for the economic development of hong kong. between 1858 and 1860 the registered companies of hong kong increased more or less two - fold. in the central and western areas the immigrants started to establish their own private enterprises comprising rice, silk, cloth, importation, retail trade and teashops
流入的資金及勞動力對香港的經濟增長產生了積極的作用， 1858 - 1860年短短的兩年內，香港注冊的商行有成倍的增長，流入的人口開始在中西區建立民營企業，當中包括零售、米行、花紗、疋頭、洋貨、茶葉等行業。 -
Conclusions could be drawn out through a positive analysis of some port companies : the factors that have a positive effect on the strategic target are the rate of main business return, the velocity of the assets, while the capital structure and the rate of the increase of the increase of investment have little effect, which illuminate that the port company should focus on the main business to enhance the return of net assets, it also shows that the business of the list port companies is over - concentrated, and should be diversified to lessen the operating risk ; the companies should accelerates the turnover speed of the assets ; the appropriate structure of the assets can bring benefit to a company, but the ultimate approach to enhance the return of the net assets is to look for items with high return ; the sightless investment made the increasing speed of return lag behind the expanding speed of the capital ; and result in no scale economic benefit
本文通過對部分港口類企業進行計量分析后發現港口企業的資本結構和投資對凈資產收益率沒有顯著的影響，而港口企業收入過分集中。針對未來財務環境發生的變化，本文從戰略財務管理的角度對南京港口集團公司提出以下建議：在投資領域，今後應以綜合物流為契機，專業化與多元化並重；適度發展集團化經營；優化資源配置，提高資產營運效率。在融資領域，要合理選擇融資渠道，降低融資成本，更多關注債務融資；確定合理的資本結構，控制負債風險，建立償債保障機制。 -
A positive analysis on human capital contribution in fujian economic growth
福建省人力資本對經濟增長貢獻度的實證分析
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