pre-dealing 中文意思是什麼
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The author holds that, bona fides mechanism in chinese contract law should be guided by multiplex standards including the standard of evident unfairness ( unconscionable conduct ), cooperative transaction ( fair dealing, reasonable expectation ) and the fiduciary relationship. it should be a smooth and efficient mechanism based on the rules of pre - contract obligation to negotiate, secondary obligations, the doctrine of change of circumstances and the rules of remedy for breach of contract in good faith, as well as innovative method of case law
作者認為，中國合同法上的誠信機制應該是在「顯失公平標準、合作交易標準和被信任者標準」這一復合誠信標準的指導下，以誠信締約義務制度、誠信附隨義務制度、情勢變更制度、誠信救濟制度等誠信制度為依託，並與判例機制等創新機制相結合而形成的一個通達而高效的機制。 -
Based on netomac, a software package for power system simulation, the model and algorithm of pre - dispatch schedule in generation markets, excitation system parameter setting, and power system small signal stability anaylsis are studied in this thesis. the main work is as follows : a model of pre - dispatch schedule is proposed, whose target is to minimize the market purchasing price ( mpp ) in the whole pre - dispatch period. then according to the characteristics of pre - dispatch schedule, the model of pre - dispatch schedule is simplified to minimize the mpp in each pre - dispatch time, and a three - step algorithm of pre - dispatch schedule is designed : dealing with the optimal problem in the whole period of pre - dispatch with static planning method, solving the problem of combination of machines with pr1 method, resolving problem of optimal power flow ( opf ) with modified powell method
本文基於netomac模擬軟體，以發電市場預調度計劃模型及演算法、勵磁系統參數整定和電力系統小擾動穩定性分析為研究內容，主要做了以下工作：建立了以整個預調度計劃周期內的市場購電價格最小為目標的發電市場預調度計劃模型，並根據預調度計劃問題狀態數多、變量多、混合整數、非解析的特點，將預調度計劃模型的目標函數簡化為各時段的市場清算電價最小，設計了三段式預調度演算法：用靜態規劃法求解整個預調度計劃周期內的優化問題；用優先級法求解機組組合問題；用改進的powell法求解最優潮流問題。 -
Article 11 [ prevention of disabilities ] the state shall undertake, in a planned way, the work of disability prevention, strengthen leadership in this regard, publicize and popularize knowledge of good pre - natal and post - natal care as well as disability prevention, formulate aws and regulations dealing with disability causing factors such heredity, diseases, medical poisoning, accidents, calamity and environmental pollution and adopt measures to prevent the occurrence and aggravation of disabilities by organizing and mobilizing social forces
第十一條國家有計劃地開展殘疾預防工作，加強對殘疾預防工作的領導，宣傳、普及優生優育和預防殘疾的知識，針對遺傳、疾病、藥物中毒、事故、災害、環境污染和其他致殘因素，制定法律、法規，組織和動員社會力量，採取措施，預防殘疾的發生和發展。 -
Article 11 the state shall undertake, in a planned way, the work of disability prevention, strengthen leadership in this regard, publicize and popularize knowledge of good pre - natal and post - natal care as well as disability prevention, formulate aws and regulations dealing with disability causing factors such heredity, diseases, medical poisoning, accidents, calamity and environmental pollution and adopt measures to prevent the occurrence and aggravation of disabilities by organizing and mobilizing social forces
第十一條國家有計劃地開展殘疾預防工作，加強對殘疾預防工作的領導，宣傳、普及優生優育和預防殘疾的知識，針對遺傳、疾病、藥物中毒、事故、災害、環境污染和其他致殘因素，制定法律、法規，組織和動員社會力量，採取措施，預防殘疾的發生和發展。 -
The director may require a different method of dealing or pre - dealing to produce the same wholly random expectations as from a and b above
為達到與上述a和b完全不通的隨機牌局，裁判長可以要求採取不通的方式發牌或預發牌。
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