price arbitrage 中文意思是什麼
price arbitrage
解釋
以價格套利-
Arbitrage between bonds of different maturates implies that the price of a bond is the present value of the payments on the bond, discounted using current and expected short - term interest rates
不同到期債券的套匯是該證券支付的現值，利用當期或預期短期利率折現的。 -
But i suspect that if an effective mechanism for arbitrage appears, market expectation would then be strong enough to help bring about price equalisation, lessening the need for actual arbitrage activities
然而，我相信若真的設立有效的套戥機制，屆時市場對價格趨於一致的預期會有助平衡兩地的價格，從而減低進行套戥活動的需要。 -
The fact that the three - month swap price has instead been down to a discount of about up to 50 pips in recent weeks is perhaps an indication of some inflow. however, too large a premium or discount should create arbitrage activities that limit further deviation
但近星期來的實際情況是3個月掉期價不但沒有升水，反而曾經貼水多達50點子左右，這正可能顯示有些資金流入港元。 -
Chapter v draws upon price discrimination, involving its concept and definition, its motive and composing essential, its approaches and types, its impact to competition, and its deraignment. the difference between price discrimination and arbitrage, the regulations of price discrimination in some nations and regions, and the argument about preservation and abolish of price discrimination law are also explores in this chapter
第五章探討了價格歧視的概念、認定、價格歧視與差別待遇和套利行為的區別，價格歧視的動機與構成要件，價格歧視的方法與類型，若干國家與地區對價格歧視的法律規制，價格歧視對競爭的影響，價格歧視的抗辯及價格歧視法的存廢爭論。 -
In the presence of the constraints and different interest rates, a single arbitrage - free price is replaced by an entire interval of arbitrage - free prices
較以往國內外研究者不同在於我們考慮了在投資約束同時借貸利率不同，單一的無套利價格為整個無套利區間所取代。 -
Before the relevant controls are dismantled and the invisible hand can be relied upon, an arbitrage mechanism might be needed to permit buying and selling in the two markets to achieve price equalisation
在內地全面取消有關管制措施，以及能倚賴市場這無形之手之前，可能需要一個套利機制，以平衡有關股票在兩地的價格。 -
The speed with which price convergence is achieved, however, may be inhibited by the fact that a - shares and b - shares of the same companies are not transferable and by the absence of currency convertibility between the investment proceeds of residents derived from the two markets. in other words, there is no scope for arbitrage, at least theoretically
不過， a b股價格趨於一致的速度可能會因為同一家公司的a b股不能互相轉換，以及內地居民自這兩個市場得到的投資收入不能互相兌換而受到妨礙，因為至少在理論上，投資者無法進行套戥活動。 -
They have also argued that an arbitrage mechanism to facilitate price equalisation would not be in the interest of hong kong
他們又指出使價格趨於一致的套戥機制並不符合香港利益。 -
This may require the involvement of the state administration of foreign exchange safe and could be conducted by a specially established public organisation on a non - profit basis, conducting arbitrage whenever a significant exchange - rate - adjusted price differential appears
這或許需要國家外匯管理局外匯局的參與，並可以由特設的非牟利公共機構負責，在經匯率調整后的價格出現顯著差距時進行套戥。 -
It also studies the problem of real option pricing when the underlying assets follow the pure jump poisson, mixed jump - diffusion merton and mean - reversion model, and obtains the price formula or partial differential equation to price and hedge the real option. when the value of real option can not separate from the value of project, or the uncertainties are endogenous to real option holder, it is difficult to pricing the real option by the ways of no - arbitrage. in this paper we present a approach named valuation with comparison, its basic point is to value the project or program with flexibility by means of decision tree analysis ( dta ) and stochastic dynamic programming ( sdp ), and the results are compared with that of non - flexibility, finally,
當實物期權的價值不能從項目價值中分離出來，或者影響基本資產價格的不確定性內生於期權的持有者時，此時實物期權的價值一般難以直接利用無套利方法得到，本文通過對現有文獻進行歸納，提出一種比較定價法，其基本要點是利用決策樹、動態規劃法或二叉樹模型等技術來確定嵌有柔性的項目或方案的價值，然後將其與沒有柔性的項目或方案進行比較，從而獲得各種柔性的價值，作為這種方法的一個應用，本文研究了柔性勞動合約的設計與定價問題，研究表明，對企業重要員工採用長期勞動合約，而對一般員工採用短期合約可以節約勞動力使用成本。 -
In the first chapter, we narrate the characteristic of convertible bond, give some clues about development and actuality of the market and its pricing theory ; in the second chapter, we introduce modeling idea and some material problems in the model in detail, draw the yield curve which is very important to the model by spline method ; in the third chapter, we first explain the basic idea and convergent speed of monte carlo method, then, give the mathematical description for financial market, prove equivalence of non - arbitrage market, existence of risk neutral probability measure in the market and the price process of underlying asset is a martingale ; in the forth section, we introduce how to simulate stock price path by monte carlo method in detail, based on foregoing result, we prove the path is a martingale, thereby, the model is logical
本文第一章先對可轉債的特點、市場發展和現狀及其定價理論的發展和現狀作一概述;第二章詳細介紹了建模思想和模型中的一些具體問題，利用spline方法繪出了在模型中具有重要作用的收益曲線;第三章首先敘述了montecarlo方法的基本思想和有關其收斂速度的一些性質，然後從數學的角度給出了對金融市場的描述，證明了市場無套利、市場存在風險中性概率測度及標的資產價格過程為鞅的等價性;在第四節中，對用montecarlo方法模擬的帶跳股價路徑作了詳細介紹，並利用前兩節的結論證明了模擬的帶跳股價路徑為一個鞅過程，從而保證了模型在理論上的合理性。 -
The arbitrage of commodity futures takes advantage of the price relation in different delivery month futures contracts. as market factors affecting short - term and long - term commodity future prices are not same, or the same factors may affect the market to different extent in the short term and long term, therefore their spread will change. the spread may deviate from the range of the price variation of the two contracts, or it may possibly form trend
商品期貨套利交易利用不同期貨合約之間的價格關系來獲利，由於影響短期和長期期貨價格的市場因素不盡相同，或者同一因素對市場的短期影響和長期影響有別，反映在期價的變化上就是近期合約價格和遠期合約價格的變化幅度不一，最終導致不同期貨合約間的價差關系發生變化，價差可能脫離兩合約之間正常的價差變動范圍，也可能形成趨勢。 -
As for the issues of non - traded assets, applying the approach of stochastic dynamic programming, and under the principle of no - arbitrage, we obtain optimal strategy to hedge the real option in discrete and continuous conditions. and to the problems of special distribution of underlying assets, this paper analyzes the price movement of the underlying assets from the arrival of information, the market efficiency and the market mechanism which decide the price
對實物資產的特殊價值分佈問題，本文從決定資產價格的市場機制、信息到達方式及市場效率三方面來分析實物資產的價格變動特徵；並重點研究當基本資產遵循純跳躍poisson過程、跳躍擴散merton過程及均值回復過程時的實物期權定價問題，運用復制定價和隨機動態規劃方法，得到確定實物期權價值和風險對沖策略的偏微分方程。 -
In a well functioning capital market, arbitrage prevents the law of one price from being broken, and in fact, violations of the law are rarely seen
在一個高效有續的資本市場，套利可以防止單一價格定律被打破，事實上，違反這一規則的事例屈指可數。 -
During the recent boom in technology stocks, several cases emerged where the law of one price was violated, and high transaction costs limited arbitrage, allowing the mispricing to persist
最近在高科技股票大漲的過程中，出現過幾個違反了單一定價的例子，而且由於高昂的交易成本限制了套利行為，因而導致不合理定價的現象持續存在。 -
The more efficient the market is, the more quickly and accurately the price will return to equilibrium. and there will be less arbitrage opportunities, or it will be difficult to capture such opportunities if there are
市場效率越強，價格向均衡價值的回歸就越迅速，越準確，套利機會就越少，越難于捕捉，而市場與無套利均衡狀態就越接近。 -
Interdelivery spread as a kind of arbitrage is very important as to the price discovery, market activity and risk management. research and development of arbitrage is essential to the development and stability of futures market
跨期套利作為套利交易的一種操作方式，在期貨市場上對于價格發現，增加市場流動性，規避風險都有重要的作用，因此研究和倡導套利交易對于發展與穩定期貨市場是必要的。 -
The author pointed out the kernel contend of the mechanism was composed of the followed factors such as, efficient market theory, relation between stock value and stock price, supply and demand relation, investment portfolio theory and arbitrage theory
認為市場的有效性、股票價格與價值關系、股票的供求關系、投資組合理論及套利理論是四川長虹股價波動機制的核心內容。 -
Under some very general conditions, we prove that due to the principle of essential arbitrage is not allowed, any risk asset has uniquely a reasonable price, and the probability " distribution of the return about a risk asset must be a risk neutral probability distribution
在一些很一般的條件下，按照「不可本性套利」原則，風險資產有唯一的合理定價，風險資產回報的概率分佈必須是一個「風險中性」概率分佈。
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