prior action 中文意思是什麼
prior action
解釋
預先動作-
The corrective action plan must be agreed upon by the inspector and the facility management prior to closing the audit
改善計劃須在結束審核前由審核員及工廠管理層之間達成一致 -
As present research subjects, carrying on experiment and action research for 5 terms from the beginning of the second term of junior grade 2 till the end of junior grade 4. the results of the experiment show the following facts : first, th ere is a striking difference in radiation thinking ability between the students of experiment class and those of control class. furthermore, an imbalance lies in the development of this quality, that is, the students of experiment class prior to the development of fluency, remaining unchangable in flexibility and creativity
實驗結果表明，首先，實驗班與控制班學生的發散思維能力存在顯著差異，而且發散思維品質（流暢性、變通性和獨創性）在發展上存在著不平衡性，即在實驗的前期和中期，實驗班學生的發散思維的流暢性優先發展，變通性和獨創性基本不變。 -
C in exceptional circumstances, however, where delay might cause damage which would be difficult to repair, a contracting party may levy a countervailing duty for the purpose referred to in subparagraph of this paragraph without the prior approval of the contracting parties ; provided that such action shall be reported immediately to the contracting parties and that the countervailing duty shall be withdrawn promptly if the contracting parties disapprove. 7
丙然而，在某些例外情況下，如果延遲將會造成難以補救的損害，一締約國雖未經締約國全體事前批準也可以為本款乙項所述之目的而徵收反貼補稅但這項行動應立即向全體締約國報告，如未獲批準，這種反貼補稅應即予撒消。 -
Tom ( including his representatives, heirs, successors, and assigns ) hereby completely releases and forever discharges the company, its affiliated, related and subsidiary entities, and each of their present and former shareholders, officers, directors, agents, employees, attorneys, successors, and assigns ( collectively, “ released parties ” ) from all claims, rights, demands, actions, obligations, liabilities, and causes of action of every kind and character, known or unknown, mature or unmatured, which he may now have or have ever had arising from any act or omission or condition occurring on or prior to his signing this agreement, whether based on tort, contract ( express or implied ), or any federal, state, or local law, statute, or regulation and any claims for attorneys ' fees
湯姆（包括其代表人、繼承人、后繼者和受讓人在內）特此放棄和永久解除因為在其簽署本協議之時或之前發生的任何行動、疏漏或情況而導致其目前或過往對本公司及本公司關聯、相關及附屬實體以及該等公司之現有及先前的股東、高級職員、董事、代理商、雇員、律師、繼任者及委託人（統稱「被解除方」 ）所主張的一切索賠、權利、要求、行動、義務、債務以及導致任一種類與性質之行動的各種已知或未知、成熟或不成熟的理由，無論該等主張基於侵權行為，合約（明示或暗示） ，或任何聯邦、州或當地的法律、法令或規章，以及關于律師費的索賠。 -
Vehicles illegally parked causing obstructions and impediment to traffic flow or endangering other road users will be issued with fixed penalty tickets and may be towed away without prior notice. " we will take stringent enforcement action against those who obstruct the passage of emergency vehicles, " said ms. chau
此外，警方會在新春期間向所有構成阻礙或對其他道路使用者構成危險的違例停泊車輛車主，發出定額罰款告票，並在不作預先通知的情況下拖走有關車輛。 -
Moreover, vehicles illegally parked causing obstructions and impediment to traffic flow or endangering or likely to endanger other road users will be issued with fixed penalty tickets and may be towed away without prior notice. " we will take stringent enforcement action against those who obstruct the passage of emergency vehicles, " said mrs lam
此外，警方將向所有構成阻礙或危險，或可能對其他道路使用者構成危險的違例停泊車輛車主，發出定額罰款告票，並在不作預先通知的情況下拖走有關車輛。 -
As with conventional patent applications, examiners will still choose which prior art is referred to in their decision on a patent application, known as an “ office action ”
按照傳統程序，審查員還要判斷出哪種先前技術在他們看來與專利案有關，這就是「官方行為」 。 -
As neural network has the ability of self - learning, that utilizes prior output data of uncertain system to estimate iteratively the static state property of system in order to achieve ideal approaching precision for identification of the positive model, a robust iterative learning control scheme on the basis of better positive model is designed. the neural network is used to identify the positive model of nonlinear system on iterative axis, which can give feed - forward action of iterative learning controller to reduce the effects of nonlinear properties and model uncertainties. meanwhile, feedback action of iterative learning controller make joint movement follow the desired trajectory on time axis by using controlled parameters derived by the neural network
由於神經網路具有自學習能力，它可利用不確定性系統的歷史輸出數據對系統的穩態特性進行估計，使得對系統正向模型的辨識達到理想的逼近精度，然後在此正向模型的基礎上進行學習控制律的設計：即採用神經網路辨識非線性系統的正向模型，並消除系統不確定性和外部干擾的影響，使關節運動沿迭代軸方向逼近期望軌跡；迭代學習控制器在線學習控制參量，使關節運動沿時間軸方向跟蹤期望軌跡。 -
Vehicles parked illegally in these areas will cause serious obstruction to other road users and will be subject to strict enforcement action. they will be towed away without prior warnings
此外，在區內非法停泊的車輛會對其他道路使用者造成嚴重阻塞，違例停泊之車輛將會被拖走。 -
Second, discusses the imputation of the liability of trademark right, and points out : it is practicable to establish the system of " right of the real claim " or " right of intellectual property claim ", with succeeding and perfecting the system of liability for tort at the same time ; the compensation for damage of infringement of trademark right should take the principle liability for fault as the main liability principle and the principle liability for fault inferred as a complement. third, discusses the excuses which may be as a plea in the action of the infringement of trademark right, such as fair use, prior right, forfeiter of trademark right. at last, approach the subject that how to apply and perfect legal proceedings and alter ways to the remedies of trademark right
接著，探討了侵犯商標權責任的認定，指出：可在繼承與完善我國侵權民事責任制度的同時設立物上請求權或知識產權上請求權制度來保護商標權；侵犯商標權的損害賠償宜採用過錯責任為主、過錯推定責任為輔的歸責原則；隨后，探討了侵犯商標權訴訟中可以作為抗辯的事由，如合理使用、在先權、商標權無效等；最後，探討了運用和完善訴訟和訴訟外兩種方式救濟商標權的問題。 -
In the last chapter, some hot issues which is the ongoing rules of china which is insufficient, indefinite or nothing, such as the special protection of well - known trade marks, malicious registration of domain names, prior right and the liability principles of action for infringement of a mark, are probed here. and some ideas and suggestion are put forward to improve the system
文章最後一部分對我國現行法規范不夠完善、或不太明確甚至閥如的熱點問題，諸如馳名商標的特殊保護、域名搶注、在先權以及商標侵權行為的歸責原則等進行了探討，並提出了進一步完善這些制度的設想和見解，
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