propagating method 中文意思是什麼

The mainstream theoretic method " mre ( multiple representation entity ) " conquers this problem by propagating changes at one resolution to others, but it has weakness in mapping consistence. this paper suggested a doctrine - oriented mrm method

多表徵實體（ mre ）方法通過將一種解析度下的屬性改變傳播到另一種解析度克服了這種問題，但是存在映射一致性問題。

Visualized method for elastic waves propagating in structure

結構中彈性波傳播的可視化方法

Self - propagating high - temperature synthesis ( shs ) is a new technology for preparing inorganic pigments, which is superior to the traditional method. shs has excellent prospects

摘要利用自蔓延高溫合成技術合成無機顏料是制備顏料的一種新技術，優于傳統的固燒結法，是一項具有發展前途的技術。

Yttrium aluminum garnet ( y3al5o12, yag ) is not only a very important laser material, but also a high - temperature structural material and a fluorescence material. in this paper, the discussions are mainly focused on the synthesis of yag powders by co - precipitation method, self - propagating high - temperature synthesis and mixed method, powder ' s property, etc. in the co - precipitation method, the precursor was produced by adding a mixed a1 ( no3 ) 3 and y ( no3 ) 3 solution to nh4hco3 solution. yag can be obtained by heating the precursor at looo ' c for 5 hours without the formation of yam and yap transition phase

釔鋁石榴石（ y _ 3al _ 5o _ 12 ，簡稱yag ）是一種重要的激光基質材料，同時它還作為高溫材料和熒光材料得到了廣泛的應用，本文主要討論了化學共沉法、燃燒法制備yag的超微粉的工藝，並對yag超微粉的性能及物相進行了分析；採用固相合成法制備了ca ， ca ： yag系列陶瓷，並對其結構和性能進行了討論。

Various perovskite compositions have been prepared through this method and their structure, electronic and magnetic properties have been studied. in this paper, la2o3, sro2i mn, naclo4, kmno4 were used as raw materials and were synthesized into la1 - xsrxmn03 powder by employing self - propagating high - temperature synthesis ( shs ) technology and filtration processing. in addition, the mechanism of chemical reaction and microstructure formation process of la2o3 - sro2 - mn - naclo4 - kmno4 system was studied

La _ （ 1 - x ） sr _ xmno _ 3的shs合成工藝研究發現，在shs合成過程中液相量的多少和反應溫度有很大的關系，通過在反應體系內加入第二相氧化劑kmno _ 4可以控制反應進程， kmno _ 4在反應中分解得到的高活性mno _ 2利於產物的生成，一定程度上避免了氧缺位和中間產物的形成。

But, for the reflective cracking of asphalt pavement with half rigid base course and the cracking of the ac overlay above joints ( cracks ) in existing pcc pavement, the results of research show that the fatigue life of ac layer is mainly the life of the crack propagating stage. so the theory and method of fatigue destructive mechanics ( fatigue fracture mechanics and fatigue damage mechanics ) should be used to study and design the pavement structures instead of traditional fatigue mechanics

而對於半剛性基層反射裂縫和舊水泥混凝土路面瀝青混凝土加鋪層接縫（裂縫）開裂，研究發現，瀝青結構層的疲勞壽命主要為裂縫擴展階段的壽命，此時不應採用傳統的疲勞力學進行研究和結構層設計，而應採用疲勞破壞力學（疲勞斷裂力學和疲勞損傷力學）理論與方法。

Using local base surface parameterization, a parametric quadric surface approximation method is used to estimate the local surface curvature properties of scattered points based on propagating normal vector direction

首先，計算各點的鄰近點集，選取合適的局部基礎曲面，把鄰近點集投影到相應的局部基礎曲面。

The applications field of fgm include aerospace, electron, chemistry, biology and medicine fields ; the composition change also from metal / ceramic to metal / metal, metal / alloy, non - metal / non - metal and non - metal / ceramic. moreover, various methods including powder metallurgy, self - propagating high - temperature synthesis ( shs ), chemical and physical vapor deposition ( cvd and pvd ), electrodeposition, laser cladding method, plasma sputtering and sol - gel method have been studed. metal organic chemical vapor deposition ( mocvd ), using chemical vapor deposition of metal organic compounds, is an effective method for acquiring special function materials and membrane

功能梯度材料是21世紀最有發展前景的新型材料之一，其用途已由原來的宇航工業，擴大到核能源、電子、化學、生物醫學等領域；其組成也由金屬?陶瓷發展成為金屬?金屬、金屬?合金、非金屬?非金屬、非金屬?陶瓷等多種組合；其制備方法主要包括粉末冶金法，自蔓延高溫合成法（ shs ） 、氣相沉積法（ cvd和pvd ） 、電沉積法，激光熔覆法，溶膠?凝膠法（ sol - gel ）等。

We consider the solid electron beam. the hot dispersion relation including the electron beam space charge effect is obtained in this paper, by series of propagating with using of the boundary condition and combining with the field matching method

考慮實心電子注，分區求出各區慢電磁波的場方程，然後利用邊界條件，用嚴格的場匹配方法，經過一系列的推導得到了考慮空間電荷效應的「熱」色散方程。

Yag powder was prepared by self - propagating high - temperature synthesis method

採用燃燒法制備了yag粉體。

The prediction of disastrous space weather is a hot topi c among solar - terrestrial physics and high technological fields. we propose that the future forecasting of the physical conditions that the violent solar disturb ance causes at the earth by propagating in solar wind depends heavily on the num erical method. this paper analyses the existing problems we are facing in the num erical prediction of disastrous disturbance events in solar - terrestrial space, an d then gives some suggestions for future study. for such a purpose, a six step sol ution method is developed to deal with one - dimensional symmetric interplanetary shock dynamics. it should be point out that that initialization of fully self - con sistent 3 - d mhd codes considering the solar - interplanetary - geomagnetic coupled r elations with initial - boundary values at 1r of the global output of solar pl asma and magnetic field using available solar observations is an essential requi rement in space weather operational codes for forecasting purposes

空間災害性天氣的預報是日地物理學界及高科技領域的熱門話題.未來預測太陽劇烈擾動所造成的行星際風暴到達地球空間的狀態勢必藉助于數值方法.淺析了空間災害性擾動事件數值預報存在的問題及未來設想，針對這一目的對一維球對稱問題提出了處理行星際激波的6步求解方法，指出未來空間災害性擾動事件預報模式應是一個基於三維的以真實太陽風為背景自洽建立起來的、以太陽等離子體輸出及磁場全球結構為初邊值、太陽、行星際、地磁因果耦合模式

White noise acting as inspirit signal, the experiment data is collected. utilizing these data and error back propagating identification method, different neuron and input - output delay are selected. by comparing approximation ability and generalization ability, the neural networks model in position mode and velocity mode is identified

並以模擬白噪聲為激勵信號，收集了數據;利用實際收集的數據，採用誤差反傳的辨識方法，選擇不同神經元及輸入輸出延時量的模型，通過比較網路的逼近能力和泛化能力，辨識得到了位置和速度兩種工作模式下的方位通道的神經網路模型。

( 2 ) because of t he variability of rock subjected to outside action, three new conceptions : postive damage basic damage and negative damage, are suggested, which can deal with the condition that rock density became large. ( 3 ) the present damage variables based on ct number mostly include ct average number of the rock without damage, which is difficult to measure, so a new damage variable, which includes the average ct number is proposed, on the other hand, strain equal theory is generalized because the one put foreword by lemaitre is not good enough to use. ( 4 ) a axial damage constitutive equation is proposed and testified. ( 5 ) with the circle times, the damage propagation laws of two different rocks, subjected to circle of freezing and thawing, are studied, and in the analysis process, traditional analysis method including average ct number and is used, some important conclusions are reached : inner damage of soft rock containing a large mount of apertures is largely propagating with the time increasement of circle, however, at the preliminary time, the hard rock containing a small mount of aperture is a little propagating, at late time, the influence become large ; ( 6 ) zone separation and statistics frequency put forward is used to analysized the three different damage propagation in the open circumstance, when they are subjected to the different circle times of freezing and thawing, in which the temperature variability is linear, different freezing rate, and different freezing temperature, and no water is supplied during the test

在研究過程中本文主要做了以下工作： （ 1 ）針對巖石損傷變化較小時，運用ct均值和方差分析不方便的缺陷，本文提出運用對ct數范圍劃分區段的方法，根據各區段統計頻率的變化規律來分析損傷擴展狀況； （ 2 ）針對巖石受到外部作用的多變性，本文提出了基準損傷，正損傷，負損傷的概念，在某種程度上考慮了巖石受到外部作用時的壓密情況； （ 3 ）現有的基於ct數的損傷變量大多需要用到巖石基體的ct均值，這實際上是很難觀測到的，因此本文建議了一個可運用巖石初始狀態ct均值的損傷變量，由於現有的勒邁特教授應變等價原理使用上的不便，本文在其基礎上進行了推廣； （ 4 ）建議了一個可用巖石初始狀態ct數和彈性模量的單軸損傷本構方程，並用算例進行了驗證； （ 5 ）對兩種不同巖石在開放環境下受到凍融循環作用且融化過程中補水時，內部損傷隨凍融循環次數增加的擴展規律進行了探討，主要運用了常規的ct均值和ct方差的分析方法進行分析，試驗發現：對于孔隙率和含水率較高，密度和強度較低的軟弱巖石，凍融循環次數對損傷結構的擴展有明顯的影響，而對于孔隙率和含水率較低，密度和強度較高的硬巖，凍融循環次數對其損傷結構擴展初期由於含水率低的原因，影響不是太大，而後期由於水補給后，含水率較高的原因，凍融影響逐漸增大； （ 6 ）運用了本文提出的區段劃分和統計頻率的方法，深入地分析了開放環境下的線性溫度變化的凍融循環次數，凍結溫度，凍結速度不同巖石作用時，其內部損傷隨凍融循環次數，凍結速度和凍結溫度變化的擴展規律，需要指出的是除了在試驗前飽水外，凍融過程中沒有補水。

During the study of sol - gel process, we successfully synthesized the series of nanometer powder of the lizn ferrite by citric acid self - propagating method, studied the influence of the value of ph, the rate of citric and the calcinations temperature, discovered the optimum conditions to synthesize nanometer powder of the lizn ferrite

在溶膠-凝膠工藝技術研究中，利用檸檬酸自蔓延法制備了納米lizn鐵氧體粉末，研究ph值、檸檬酸組分、煅燒溫度等工藝條件對納米粉體性能與形貌的影響，探索出一條制備單一晶相的lizn鐵氧體納米粉末的工藝條件。

Non - homogenized dynamic method of cell ( nhdmoc ) is a method of investigating stress wave propagation in laminated materials, the formula and initial boundary conditions were derived for the numeric simulation of stress wave propagating with nhdmoc under the condition of one dimension strain, the corresponding program was designed and checked

非均質化動力學元胞法（ nhdmoc ）是研究層合材料中應力波的新方法，本文整理、推導了應用nhdmoc數值模擬一維應變條件下應力波的計算公式以及初值條件，編制了計算程序，並進行了驗算。

The hexagonal barexfe, 2. xo, ( re denote la ^ nd > sm and gd ) ultrafine powders with m - type structure were firstly synthesized by a novel technique - - - - - - sol - gel combustion synthesis method which combines sol - gel method with low temperature combustion synthesis method. based on theoretical analysis and experimental study, the effects of the composition of the gel, the different kinds of intermediate, strength of solution, the amount of complexing agent, the different kinds of anions, the adding of dispersant, auto - propagating combustion and the condition in heat treatment of the gel on crystal phase, particle size, morphology and magnetic properties of bare ^ fe ^ o, ultrafine powders were firstly investigated systematically to clarify the optimum forming conditions

本研究是在前人工作的基礎上，同時從制備方法和摻雜元素兩方面著手，以保證制備的粉體材料具有優異的性能，即首次利用溶膠?凝膠濕化學合成法和低溫燃燒合成法相結合的一種兼具二者優點的超細粉末新型合成技術? ?溶膠-凝膠燃燒合成法來完成稀土元素摻雜鋇鐵氧體bare _ xfe _ （ 12 - x ） o _ （ 19 ） （ re為la 、 nd 、 sm 、 gd ）超細粉末的制備。

In order to meet the requirement of nano - hexaferrites, hydrothermal method and sol - gel self - propagating high - temperature synthesis method were applied. by studying the effects of different precursors, ph value, temperature and time, the optimum conditions were determined, the structure of crystals was studied by x - diffract aat the same time the morphologic and the diameter of crystals were studied by tem

使用x一射線衍射鑒別晶體結構，通過透射電子顯微鏡觀察粒子的形貌與大小， x一射線衍射鑒別晶體是鋇鐵氧體，透射電子顯微鏡觀察粒子的形態與大小， ，發現粒子分散性較好，結晶性良好，形貌為六角型，通過統計計算粒子粒徑，粒子大小處于納米級，平均粒徑為70nm 。

Finally, multi - passage method was adopted to deal with the phase - difference periodic boundary condition. when the frequency of separated vortex propagating is not the same as the vibrating frequency of blade, this method is much more reasonable than those simple phase - shifted periodic condition in single passage

最後，採用多葉柵通道計算來處理相差周期邊界條件，在分離渦傳播頻率與振動頻率不同時比其它採用簡單相移條件的方法更為合理。