radiation satellite 中文意思是什麼
radiation satellite
解釋
輻射探測衛星-
The american argos satellite has done experiments on the primary anti - radiation measures of cots components, and has obtained valuable experiment datas. the software fault tolerance techniques sihft provide error detection coverage of over 99 %, attracted researchers ’ attention. the experiment has demonstrated that it ’ s possible to satisfy the requirement of space applications by software techniques without special hardwares
其中，軟體容錯技術sihft （ softwareimplementedhardwarefaulttolerance ）達到了大於99 %的檢錯覆蓋率，引起了人們的關注。這項實驗說明了在不需要專用硬體的情況下，使用軟體技術也能達到航天應用的可靠性要求。 -
Because it ’ s hard to get radiation - harden hardware overseas, so the software fault tolerance techniques are significant for our national space enterprise. the computer platform of 863 plan project ” micro intelligent free - flying space robotic system ” consists of cots component. the orbit and the radiation environment of the robot are similar to ones of the argos satellite, and the system is required to have high reliability. therefore it ’ s necessary to applied the software fault tolerance techniques into the system to improve the anti - radiation capability after the techniques been verified valid
因為我國很難從國外獲得輻射加固的硬體，所以，這項軟體容錯技術對我國航天事業的發展具有較大意義。 863計劃項目「小型智能飛行機器人系統」所用的計算機平臺採用商用器件，其衛星的運行軌道與argos衛星軌道近似，面臨的輻射環境與argos衛星相似，要求具有高可靠性。因此，小型智能飛行機器人系統有必要在驗證sihft技術有效的基礎上，應用軟體容錯技術，提高其空間抗輻射能力。 -
The hydrometeor information from the cloud model is then used as input into a 3 - d microwave radiation transfer model that calculates the upwelling radiance received by the rediometer aboard the satellite
將雲模式模擬的水汽凝結體信息作為三維微波輻射傳輸模式的輸入值，計算星載微波輻射計接受到的上行輻射。 -
The high sensitive infrared detection and the telecamera with telescope are installed on the satellite. the infrared detection can detect the enemy missile ’ s infrared radiation and sound alert signal when the missile flies upward after it ’ s launched from on the surface or underwater
衛星上裝有高靈敏度的紅外探測器和帶望遠鏡頭的電視攝像機，在敵方從地面或水下發射導彈后數十秒內，紅外探測器即可探測到導彈上升段飛行期間發動機尾焰的紅外輻射，並發出警報。 -
In contrast with the measurement of backscattered ultraviolet solar radiation onboard satellites, ir radiance measurements in 9. 6m spectral channel at various instruments onboard meteorological / environmental satellites allow ozone estimates during both day and night. in this paper, we use ir radiance measurements within 9. 6 im spectral channels from moderate resolution spectral radiometer ( modis ) and advanced tiros operational vertical sounder ( atovs ) to retrieve total column ozone based on the operational retrieval system of national satellite meteorological center. for validating retrieval results, both ground based observation and total ozone mapping spectrometers ( toms ) ozone measurements are used and atovs retrieval results are corrected after the validation
本文利用美國noaa衛星上的先進的大氣垂直探測器業務系統（ atovs ）儀器和地球觀測系統衛星（ eos ）上的中解析度成像光譜儀（ modis ）上的9 . 6 m臭氧探測通道的輻射測值，在國家衛星氣象中心業務反演軟體系統基礎上，反演出了兩種儀器探測的大氣臭氧總量，並且利用中國五個常規臭氧觀測站的資料和美國研製的臭氧總量測繪光譜儀（ toms ）反演的臭氧資料對兩種反演結果進行驗證分析，對atovs反演結果進行了訂正。 -
Based on the geometry between sunshine ray and real terrains, the distributed models were developed to simulate the extraterrestrial radiation and possible sunshine duration over rugged terrains respectively. according to the principles of direct and diffuse radiation on tilted surfaces, the distributed models to estimate the direct and diffuse radiation over rugged terrains were developed also. the proposed models were proved to be able to treat volumes of data and are applicable to satellite image processing platforms or geographic information system ( gis )
起伏地形下太陽輻射分散式模型研究根據太陽光線與實際地形之間的幾何關系，建立了起伏地形下天文輻射、可照時間的分散式估算模式；依據坡地直接輻射和散射輻射機理，分別建立了起伏地形下直接輻射、散射輻射的分散式估算模式；建立的分散式模式計算結果可靠，可進行大數據量處理，適用於遙感圖像處理、地理信息系統等數據處理平臺。 -
Evaluation for environment of electromagnet radiation of the earth statio of tv satellite
電視衛星地球站電磁輻射環境評價 -
In this paper we also discuss the relationship between the total net radiation from 08 to 17 and the total solar radiation retrieved from the satellite visible picture at the same time interval. the result reveal the total surface net radiation is evidently reverse to the total solar radiation, the correlation coefficient of one station is high to 0. 9. but tianjin is exceptional, the total surface net radiation is correlative to the total infrared radiation
同時探討了08 - 17時總地表凈輻射與衛星紅外和可見光數字雲圖反演的輻射能量的關系，研究表明08 - 17時總地表凈輻射與衛星可見光反演得到的地氣系統反射的08 - 17時各時刻的和反相關顯著，個別站點相關系數達0 . 9以上，但也有一例外，天津站08 - 17時總地表凈輻射與地氣系統發射的紅外輻射相關顯著。 -
The remote sensing refers to air to ground one, namely from different working platform far away the ground ( for example gao ta, balloon, airplane, rocket, the artificial earth satellite, spaceship, aerospace craft and so on ), through the sensor, exploring the information ( radiation ) to the earth ' s surface electromagnetic wave, and after the information transmission, processes, estimation and analysis, it can be regarded as a kind of comprehensive technology of surveying and monitoring earth ' s resources and its environment
摘要遙感是指空對地的遙感，即從遠離地面的不同工作平臺上（如高塔、氣球、飛機、火箭、人造地球衛星、宇宙飛船、航天飛機等）通過傳感器，對地球表面的電磁波（輻射）信息進行探測，並經信息的傳輸、處理和判讀分析，對地球的資源與環境進行探測和監測的綜合性技術。 -
The infrared radiative fluxes emitted by earth - atmosphere system comes from the infreared pictures and the solar radiative fluxes reflected by earth - atmosphere system comes from the visible pictures, then the relationship between the surface net radiation and the satellite retrieval radiation is statistically discussed in this paper
由紅外雲圖反演出地氣系統發射紅外輻射，可見光雲圖反演出地氣系統反射的太陽輻射，然後採用多元統計的方法討論了地表凈輻射與衛星反演出的輻射值之間的關系。 -
At present we have made great efforts on radiation statistics of proton - flare " s x - ray, especially hard x - ray, and character of hard x - ray in the process of proton accelerating, and we have gotten solar x - ray " s character before proton event and bring forward forecasting method which is actualized and proved in fy - 2 satellite " s alarming system of proton event
目前我們已經在質子加速過程中的硬x射線特徵、質子耀斑x射線輻射統計（特別是硬x射線特徵）等方面作了系統的工作，已獲得質子事件前兆的太陽x射線特徵，並提出了預報方法，已在fy - 2衛星質子報警系統中加以了實施和驗證。 -
The main work done in the paper is as follows : 1. satellite attitude dynamics modeling study : for the earth - oriented three - axis stabilized satellite, a precise attitude dynamics model is established, considering the influence of the environmental disturbance, such as the gravity, the sun radiation, the earth magnetic field and the atmospheric resistance
本文的主要研究工作如下： （ 1 ）衛星姿態動力學建模研究：針對對地定向三軸穩定衛星，考慮了重力梯度、太陽輻射、大氣阻力、地球磁場等環境因素對衛星的影響，建立了較精確的衛星姿態動力學模型，同時又建立了四元素描述的姿態運動學方程。 -
Roughly acquire optical depth of clear sky and clouds from radiation station data and routine meteorological data of land surface, and the study the relationship between clouds " physical character and radiation. obtain the relationship between surface and near - ground atmosphere, and then according to this estimate surface albedo and surface net. by analyzing the relationship between satellite visible spectra, infrared spectra, and water vapor spectra values and radiation, by means of radiation transfer theory, analyze and deducethe relationship between clouds and radiation, and establish relationships between satellite value and global radiation and net
通過衛星雲圖的計數值來判斷雲對輻射的作用，以此建立起它們之間的關系；利用地面觀測資料和常規資料來粗略求取晴空大氣和雲光學厚度，進而研究雲的物理屬性與輻射關系；簡單的獲取地表與近地面大氣之間的輻射關系，以此估算地表的反照率，和地表的凈輻射；分析了衛星可見光、紅外及水汽雲圖計數值和地面輻射之間關系，利用輻射傳輸公式來推倒和分析雲對輻射的關系，試圖建立起衛星測值與地表總輻射和凈輻射之間的關系，並將晴空和有雲的個例分開，分別建立並選出最佳模式，以此來估算地表的凈輻射和總輻射。 -
The far - distance targets can be detected with the aid of the satellite image and the ample respond time of the defensive system can be provided ; the cryptic cruise missile and anti - radiation cruise missile can be effectively detected and tracked recur to the infrared image. radar is widely used in the cruise missile defensive system. the radar in the sky can detect the further flying cruise missile, ground based radar and coastal defense radar can track and help weapons system aim at the oncoming force cruise missile
在目前情況下，衛星圖像、紅外圖像以及雷達成像在探測、跟蹤、識別、打擊巡航導彈目標方面具有相當大的優勢，藉助于衛星圖像可以在遠距離發現目標，能夠為防禦系統提供比較充足的響應時間；藉助于紅外圖像可以有效對付隱身巡航導彈和反輻射巡航導彈；雷達是在巡航導彈防禦系統中使用最多的設備，空基雷達能夠探測離防區比較遠的巡航導彈，陸基雷達和海基雷達能夠跟蹤巡航導彈，並可協助武器系統瞄準來襲巡航導彈，尤其是雷達陣在巡航導彈防禦中更是可以發揮重要作用。 -
In this paper, the solar and land - atmosphere radiation rates are calculated by modtran3 model and satellite observation as well as surface data, solar direct irradiance infrared irradiance solar heating rate and infrared cooling rate were calculated from 43 samples of sunshine day and 5 samples of cloudy day 3 samples of rainy day of different latitudes in 12 stations. the paper analyzed solar heating rate and infrared cooling rate in sunshine day, the factors such as zenith angle, water vapor and latitude were found out correlating with solar heating rate and infrared cooling rate. solar heating rate and infrared cooling rate change on the same day and at the same station
在對晴空大氣的計算中，本文對太陽的直接輻射與地氣系統的紅外輻射狀況進行了分析，並討論在不同的大氣狀況下太陽加熱率和紅外冷卻率的情況，找出與太陽加熱率和紅外冷卻率變化相關較大的因子?太陽天頂角和水汽條件、緯度；本文還進一步分析了不同緯度樣本的太陽加熱率與紅外冷卻率日變化及有雲、有雨情況下太陽加熱率和紅外冷卻率的變化情況：另外，文中通過改變二氧化碳在大氣中含量的方法，討論了它對太陽加熱率與紅外冷卻率的影響。 -
First, under the given boundary condition and reasonable simplified condition, this paper develops radiation transmitting equations in atmosphere applied in infrared waveband and visual light waveband from common equation of radiation transmitting. then, the formula between observation of satellite and net surface radiation is established according to the developed equations, from which it is found that net surface radiation is relative to sun zenith, land surface and cloud albedo, etc. at last, by using data of satellite visual light ( vis ), infrared 1 ( ir1 ), infrared 2 ( ir2 ) and water vapor ( ir3 ) channel, sun zenith and net surface radiation, a regression formula is built
本文從大氣中太陽輻射傳輸的一般性方程入手，引入邊界條件及簡化條件，推導出紅外波段和可見光波段的大氣輻射傳輸方程，由此建立起衛星觀測輻射與地面凈輻射的關系，文章還就衛星觀測到的輻射與雲量、雲高、雲的光學厚度、雲及地面反照率等之間的關系進行了理論分析，可以幫助更好地理解雲對地面凈輻射的影響。 -
Some 250 commercial and military satellites now orbit in the lowest altitudes, according to the satellite industry association, and most of them are defenseless against the radiation that would be released by a high - altitude atomic burst
數目不斷增加的人造衛星為我們提供通訊、導航、無線與有線電視，以及地面攝影與天氣預報等服務。 -
By using multi - channel observations of olr, hirs - tb12, erb, vis, ssmr and ssm i on the us satellites, it is analyzed that the global general atmospheric circulation features related to the anomaly of cold vortex over northeast china and it s premonitors are also revealed. it is found that there is an effected chain, which consists of sea ice over northern hemisphere, sea surface temperature in the mid - east equatorial pacific, asia monsoon and local budget of earth radiation in northeast china, on the anomaly of northeast cold vortex. the impacts of each factor in the chain are discussed. the results indicate that the applications of multi - channel satellite observations on research of climate change are of significance
利用美國氣象衛星olr ， hirs - tb12 ， erb ， vis ， ssmr和ssm i多通道的觀測資料，分析了東北冷渦異常年的全球大氣環流特徵及其關鍵地區的先兆特徵對于東北冷渦異常，發現了有一個由北半球的海冰，赤道東太平洋的海溫，亞洲的季風以及東北地區地氣系統輻射收支組成的影響鏈存在。由此討論了影響鏈上的各因子對東北冷渦異常的作用。結果表明多通道衛星觀測資料的綜合應用在氣候變化的研究和預測中有著重要的意義。 -
Earth radiation budget satellite erbs
地球輻射分析衛星 -
The global distribution of nssr can be provided by means of satellite remote sensing. in this paper a new parameterization derived by li zhan - qing ( li model ) in 1995 was used to compute the net surface solar radiation for 18 stations of chinese main land on some days over january and february in 2001. after compared the results of li model with those derived from a model ( li - leighton model ) and b model ( langley parameter model ) for clear - sky and cloud - sky respectively, we founded that the relative difference of the two model are below 6 %
結果表明：在晴天情況下， li模式與a模式很相近，而與b模式結果差別較大，因為b模式在晴空條件下是不準確的，這也可以從a模式與b模式的差別看出；在雲天情況下， li模式與b模式結果盡管有些差異，但是相似性仍然很好，除了個別的臺站外，絕大部分臺站兩者的相對差在6以內。
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