rainfall characteristics 中文意思是什麼
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The three - dimensional cloud model with hail - bin microphysics could simulate the characteristics of the severe storm such as life cycle, rainfall distribution and diameter of hail well, and also could produce strong downdraft and wind shear ( downburst )
而利用三維強冰雹雲模式對此次強風暴的生命史、降水分佈、降雹的大小等要素做了較好的模擬，並能夠模擬出伴隨強風暴過程所產生的強下沉氣流和及地面強風速切變（下擊暴流） 。 -
Results show that the spatial distribution of the precipitation of the west is very uneven and obviously different in every quarter ; the characteristics of precipitation is droughty and less - rain in almost all part in winter. plentiful in summer, spring and autumn are transition phases, rainfall of autumn is more than that of spring in the most of region ; relative variability of each season rainfall is bigger than that of year, the variability is biggest in winter, but smallest in summer. alike between spring and autnmn and comprative in numerical value ; the area of least precipitation is in talimu basin and the northwest of chaidamubasin, not in the northwest of china
研究發現：西部地區年降水量的空間分佈極不均勻，局地差異大；冬季絕大部分地區乾旱少雨，夏季雨量豐沛，春秋季是過渡階段，大部分地區秋雨多於春雨；各季降水量的相對變率大於年變率，夏季最小，冬季最大，春秋兩季相似，數值上與冬季相差無幾；我國雨量最少的地區位於柴達木盆地西北部和塔里木盆地，並不在我國的最西北角。 -
The interdecadal characteristics of correlation pattern of interannual relationship between winter sea - ice extent of davis strait and august 500hpa height of northern hemisphere is " + - + " pattern from ural mountains to north of sea of okhotsk which is strongly negatively correlated with the august rainfall of north china before 1974, and it has not apparent correlation pattern in europe - asia continent after 1974
1974年前，冬季戴維斯海峽海冰面積和北半球8月500hpa位勢高度場的相關系數呈一個自烏拉爾山開始到鄂霍次克海以北分佈的「 + - + 」型，該型和8月華北降水的反相關較好； 1974年後，相關在歐亞大陸地區變差，沒有明顯的相關型，冬季戴維斯海峽海冰面積和8月華北降水關系變差。 -
Meanwhile, an artificial imitation rainfall system was developed in order to study the characteristics of city underlying surface and make experimental check up about the relative appraising index, on which 200 rainfall experiments are made, analyzing the effect of rainfall intensity to the runoff of underlying surface ; the relationship between runoff permeability and unit factor of rainfall intensity and duration ; the effect of rainfall intensity, duration, soil moisture content, and temperature to the runoff permeability ; the relationship between rainfall quantity and runoff permeability, and make mathematical imitation to the expe rimental results, to find the mutual - relationships, and make discussion about the differences between equations of fit
同時，為研究城市下墊面的產匯流特性研製了一套人工模擬降雨系統，並對相關評價指標進行了實測校驗。在此基礎上，進行了200多場降雨實驗，分析了雨強、歷時、土壤前期含水量、溫度、降雨量、不同下墊面和不同覆蓋度等對產匯流的影響，及各種因素對徑流系數的影響和相關性，建立了一定條件下歷時徑流系數，雨強徑流系數，流量徑流系數的函數模型。 -
When soil antecedent condition is dry and the initial rainfall intensity is high, peak surface runoff also considerably lag behind that of rainfall, because of the formation of temporary relative impermeable top layer ; b ) surface runoff is controlled primarily by infiltration - excess runoff mechanism under unsaturated condition ; the major fraction of surface runoff are dominated by saturated infiltration - excess runoff response, only a small fraction by return flow mechanism when soil is saturated ; c ) subsurface flow is dominated by saturated runoff mechanism, and the duration of subsurface post the rainfall end is dependent upon rather the soil properties than the rainfall characteristics ; d ) subsurface flow intensity in cultivated soil layer ( 0 ~ 20cm ) is high up to 35mm / h when rainfall intensity is up to 120mm / h, indicating the existing of macropores and pipe flow in cultivated layer
2 ）耕作制下紫色土的產流主要機制是： 1 ）當雨前土壤含水量未達到飽和狀態時，表面產流起始時間有明顯滯后現象，這與紫色土的快吸水性和較多非毛管孔隙密切相關；當雨前土壤較乾燥，降雨初期雨強較大時，易形成臨時相對不透水表層，表面產流峰也有明顯滯后現象。 2 ）表面徑流的產流方式主要是超滲產流，當土壤達到飽和狀態后，有四川大學博士學位論文小部分回歸流發生，但主要是飽和超滲產流發生，因為紫色土的相對不透水層和其它透水障礙層不明顯。 3 ）壤中流主要是飽和產流，與降雨過程有明顯的滯后，而且雨停后的壤中流產流歷時與降雨特徵無關。 -
The apparent characteristics of interdecadal variability of interannual relationship between winter sea - ice extent of davis strait and summer, july and august rainfall of north china are : the strongly negative correlation between winter sea - ice extent of davis strait and summer rainfall of north china turns into bad correlation
冬季戴維斯海峽海冰面積與華北7月降水在年際變化尺度上有明顯的反相關關系。冬季戴維斯海峽的海冰面積增多（少） ，同年華北7月降水偏少（多） 。 -
All the turn - point year is around 1974. another feature of interdecadal variability of interannual relationship between winter sea - ice extent of davis strait and summer, july and august rainfall of 160 stations is that the interannual correlation pattern have changed from east - west pattern to " + - + " north - south pattern around 1974. the interdecadal characteristics of correlation distribution pattern of interannual relationship between winter sea - ice extent of davis strait and summer, july 500hpa height of northern hemisphere are : " - + - " pattern from the beginning of novoya zemlya island, by way of balkhash lake to japan sea which is strongly negatively correlated with the rainfall of north china at the same period before 1974 and " + - " pattern from the beginning of ural mountains, by way of bujr lake to hetao basin which is badly correlated with the rainfall of north china at the same period after 1974
冬季戴維斯海峽海冰面積與華北夏季及7 、 8月降水年際關系有明顯的年代際變化特徵：其與夏季總降水的年際關系由1974年前較好的負相關在1974年後變差，與7月降水的年際關系由1974年前較好的負相關在1974年後變弱，與8月降水的年際關系由1974年前較好的負相關在1974年後變差；另一方面，其與中國160站夏季及7 、 8月降水的年際關系在1974年前後發生變化的主要特徵是：與夏季總降水、 7月、 8月降水的年際關系由1974年前的相關系數分佈呈「東西型」變為1974年後相關系數分佈呈「 - + - 」的「南北型」 。 -
Hydrometeors have dominant effect on the performance of systems operating at frequencies above loghz, and the remote sensing of hydrometeors is an important subject for radio propagation, radar meteorology and atmosphere physics etc. based on the physics characteristics of rainfall, fog and clouds, the propagation characteristics and remote sensing of hydrometeors are investigated and discussed
水凝物是影響10ghz以上頻段系統性能的主要因素，它是電波傳播、雷達氣象、大氣物理和環境遙感等學科研究的重要對象。本文基於降雨和雲霧的基本物理特性，對降雨和雲霧的毫米波傳播特性、降雨和雲霧的遙感以及霧的紅外輻射衰減特性進行了分析和研究。 -
In 0 - 200cm light dried layer was formed and can be recovered partly after rainfall, but beneath 200cm the serious perpetual dried layer has lower water content and larger thickness and is very difficult to be recovered in short period because of the special hydrological characteristics in the loess plateau where infiltration depth is about 200cm and could not percolate into deeper layer. ( 4 ) the landscape ecology in fuxian county shows that the two kinds of forest community have not declined
（ 4 ）富縣天然山楊林和天然遼東櫟林的景觀生態特徵表明，兩類森林群落沒有出現衰退的跡象，這說明森林群落合理的內部結構不會造成林地土壤水分的嚴重虧缺，其自然氣候條件可以滿足森林群落生存、發展的需要。 -
For parameter a, there is a close relationship exist between a ( 9, sr ) in two different radar incident angle that can be expressed as : with considering the effects of soil texture, we get the final expression of the inversion model : where mv ( t1 ), mv ( t2 ) is volumetric soil moisture content in two different temp, c, d is soil type related parameters, and v ( t1 ), s ( t2 ) is coresponding bare soil radar backscattering coefficients. inversion results show that for the c band hh polarized radarsat scansar data with a range of incidence angle from 20 to 40, the soil moisture change value can be derived with an acceptable accuracy using the above model. the temporal and spatial soil moisture change patterns are associated with rainfall and vegetation cover, as well as the soil hydraulic characteristics
利用最新發展的電磁波散射模型研究了不同植被覆蓋地表雷達波對地表土壤水分的敏感性，建立了半經驗植被雷達後向散射模型; 2 ） .研究發現在農作物等矮小植被覆蓋地表，植被層直接後向散射與植被類型相關，且在植被生長期，雷達後向散射系數對植被含水量的敏感性要高於對植被高度變化的敏感性; 3 ） .解決了單參數雷達地表土壤水分反演問題中，雷達入射角和地表粗糙度的影響這一難點問題; 4 ） .利用土壤介電模型校正了不同土壤類型對反演地表土壤體積含水量的影響; 5 ） .在以上成果基礎上，建立了完整的單參數雷達地表土壤水分變化探測反演演算法，經地表驗證，模型反演地表土壤水分變化值的精度為rmse = 0 -
In order to study the anomaly pattern of summer rainfall in north china and the cause responsible for the anomaly, the climate characteristics of summer rainfall in north china and related circulation pattern, water vapor transport and outgoing long - wave radiation ( olr ) were analyzed in detail in this paper. more attention was paid on studying the relationship between sea surface temperature anomaly ( ssta ) over the north pacific and summer precipitation anomaly in north china and an agcm was utilized to confirm the affection of ssta on the summer rainfall of the north china
為了揭示華北夏季降水異常規律及其成因，本文詳細分析了華北夏季降水的氣候特徵及有關的環流特徵、水汽輸送特徵和向外長波輻射（ olr ）特徵，著重研究了北太平洋海溫異常與華北夏季降水異常的關系，並應用大氣環流模式初步驗證了北太平洋海溫異常對華北夏季降水的影響。 -
Analyze the hydrologic characteristics of tao river basin, the influence on the hydrology progress imposed by physiographic factors, and variation of the relationship between rainfall and runoff
分析研討了洮河流域的流域特徵、主要自然地理要素對水文的影響，以及降雨徑流要素的變化規律。 -
Based on abundant rainfall in minjiang river basin and frequent floods have brought great losses on agriculture production, national economy etc, the relationship between soil and water losses and rainfall characteristics was studied in four forest lands, viz
本文針對閩江流域上游降雨豐富的特點，運用坡面徑流小區法研究了杉木林、封山育林、錐栗林、果園和裸露地（對照）的水土流失與天然降雨的關系。 -
Based on t213 and other observational datasets, a severe heavy rain occurred in changjiang - huaihe basins during 4 - 5 july 2003 is studied. the primary diagnostic analyses show that double or single block is the characteristics of the macroscale circulation in this rainfall process. the strong conflict of warm and cold mass, mesoscale convergence on meiyu front, shear line, and stably maintaining of high and low jets make for the rainfall
本文採用地面高空常規資料，每6h一次的降水資料，以及t213數值預報資料，對2003年7月4 - 5日發生在江淮地區的一次梅雨鋒暴雨過程的影響系統及其可能機制進行了初步的診斷分析，發現，高緯雙阻、單阻形勢是這次暴雨過程發生的大尺度環流特徵；冷暖空氣的激烈交鋒、梅雨鋒上的中尺度輻合線、 700hpa 、 850hpa上的低渦、切變線以及穩定維持的高低空急流是導致這場暴雨的直接影響系統；該地區維持一個高能、飽和、潛在不穩定的環境，有利於特大暴雨的產生和維持。 -
We systemically discussed the distribution of precipitation, dynamics of soil erosion in different land - use types, the relation between soil and water losses and some rainfall characteristics, such as rainfall amount, intensity, duration and prophase rainfall. further, rainfall erosion force was discussed and regression equations between soil and water losses and rainfall characteristics were founded
較為系統的探討了閩江上游地區的降雨分佈特徵，不同土地利用方式的水土流失動態，不同土地利用方式水土流失與降雨量、降雨強度、降雨歷時、前期降雨等的關系，在此基礎上，初步探討了閩江上游的降雨侵蝕力，並建立了不同土地利用方式水土流失與降雨特性有關的回歸方程。 -
Analysis of rainfall characteristics in dutou rainfall station
渡頭雨量站降水特性初步分析 -
Through the annual rainfall of some counties in zhejiang province, the interrelated dimension of rainfall is calculated by the time - series method and rainfall characteristics arc analyzed
摘要以浙江省某縣年降雨時間序列為例，運用分形理論汁算了該區域降雨的分形維數，並分析了所反映的降雨特徵。 -
Rainfall characteristics and irrigation management in winter wheat season
冬小麥降水年型與補水灌溉動態管理 -
The conclusion is the interrelated dimension may be used as an important index of regional rainfall characteristics
研究表明：分形維數可作為反映區域降雨特點的有價值指標。 -
Abstract : based on the short - range self - memorial climatic model and area rainfall characteristics, an area rainfall ensemble prediction model is built, which combines mean - generating function model
文摘:在短期自憶氣候模式的基礎上，著重考慮了區域性降水特點，組合均生函數時序模型，構造了區域降水預報模式。
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